846 



UNITED STATES CENSUS. 



Live Stock on Itanges. In June, 1890, there 

 were upon the ranges, according to the reports, 

 517,128 horses, 5,433 mules, 14,109 asses or burros, 

 6,828,182 cattle, 6,676,902 sheep, and 17,276 

 swine. The sale of horses (1889) amounted to 

 $1,418,205; cattle, $17,913,712; sheep, $2,669,- 

 663 ; swine, $27,132. The total number of men 

 reported upon ranges in charge of this stock is 

 15,390. It is noted that a large portion of Texas/ 

 Colorado, Oregon, Washington, and California, 

 one third of Kansas, and one half of Nebraska 

 have been converted into farms during the last 

 decade. The statistics for farms are not included 

 in the figures just given. 



Nurseries. The number of nurseries in the 

 United States (1890) is given as 4,510, valued at 

 $41,978,835.80, and occupying 172,806 acres of 

 land, with an invested capital of $52,425,669.51. 

 Employment is given to 45,657 men and 2,279 

 women. The number of animals used is given 

 as 14,200. The value of implements for the prop- 

 agation and cultivation of trees and plants is 

 shown as $990,606.04. The grand total of plants 

 and trees (1890) is estimated as 3,386,855,778. Of 

 this number, 518,016,612 are fruit trees ; 685,603,- 

 396 grape vines and small fruits ; and the bal- 

 ance are nut, deciduous, and evergreen' trees, 

 hardy shrubs, and roses. The largest acreage 

 (20,232' 75) is devoted to apple trees. 



Seed Farms. There were in the United 

 Stages (1890) 596 farms, with a total of 169,851 

 acres, devoted exclusively to seed growing, of 

 which 96,567^ acres were reported as producing 

 seeds. Beans were cultivated on 12,905 acres; 

 cabbage, 1,268 acres; beets, 919 acres; cucum- 

 bers, 10,219 acres ; celery, 71 acres ; sweet corn, 

 15,004 acres ; field corn," 16,322 acres ; squashes, 

 4,663 acres; peas, 7,971 acres; musk-melons, 

 5,149 acres ; radishes, 662 acres ; and tomatoes, 

 4,356 acres. 



The total value of farms, implements, and 

 buildings is reported as $18,325,935.86. In 1890 

 13,500 men and 1,541 women were employed. 



Tropic and Semi-tropic fruits and Nuts. In 

 a special report under this heading the number 

 of acres of bearing and non-bearing trees and 

 plants (1889) was 271,428 ; number of bearing 

 trees and plants, 28,101,036; value of product 

 (1889), $14,116,226. The estimated number of 

 acres suitable for planting tropical fruits and 

 nuts is given as 24,710,879. According to the 

 number of acres utilized, the orange ranks first 

 (184,003), pecan second (27,419), and the almond 

 third (13,515). 



Manufactures. Distilled Spirits. The num- 

 ber of proof gallons of distilled spirits consumed 

 in the arts, manufactures, and medicine (1889) is 

 reported as follows : Alcohol, 6,745,152; cologne 

 spirit, 1,453,048; high wines, 75,992; whisky, 

 2,023,900; brandy, 266,874; rum, 189,581; gin, 

 222,295. The aggregate of proof gallons, as 

 stated above, is 10,976,842. 



Iron and Steel. A report on the production 

 of the cast-iron-pipe foundries (1890) shows that 

 there are 36 establishments with a capital of 

 $14,300,933, including $68,500 reported by two 

 establishments not in operation in 1890. The 

 total number employed (1890) is shown as 7,788, 

 receiving $3,794,407 iii wages. The cost of ma- 

 terial is set down as $9,483,389, and the value of 

 products as $15,168,682. The principal material 



consumed was pig iron, the quantity being 591.- 

 258 net tons, costing $7,860,408. The output of 

 iron piping (1890) was 513,030 tons of 2,000 

 pounds, valued at $12,556,315. 



A report has been issued on the product of iron 

 and steel in the New England States. In 1890 

 there were 35 establishments, as against 61 in 

 1880 and 48 in 1870. The capital invested (1890) 

 is given as $13,415,450; 1880, $11,560,408, 1870, 

 $5,909,000. The number of workmen (1890) was 

 6,645 ; 1880, 8,654 ; 1870, 3,815. The value of 

 product (1890) is stated to be $15,105,441 ; 1880, 

 $14,558,627; 1870, $10,824,603. 



Mines and Mining. A recent report on the 

 mineral products of the United States divides 

 the 55 varieties of minerals named in the tables 

 into metallic and non-metallic. The total value 

 of the product for 1889, with figures for 1880 to 

 facilitate comparison, with percentages of in- 

 crease, are shown in the following tables : 



Coal. Of the bituminous coal mined in 1880, 

 the total quantity is given as 38,242,641 long 

 tons, and in 1889 as 85,383,059 long tons, the in- 

 crease being 123-27 per cent. The total quantity 

 of anthracite coal mined in 1880 was 25,580,189 

 long tons. In 1889 it was 40,714,721 long tons, 

 or an increase of 59-17 per cent. The table gives 

 the amount of coal marketed from 1882 to 1889 

 inclusive, with value in each class for every year 

 named : 



Pig Iron. It is noted in the bulletin that the 

 product of pig iron increased in the last decade 

 more than twofold, viz., from 3,375,912 long 

 tons in 1880 to 7,603,642 in 1889. This was val- 

 ued, using the price of No. 1 anthracite pig iron 

 at Philadelphia, at $89,315,569 in 1880 and $120,- 

 000,000 in 1889. The limestone used for flux 

 tributary to this industry amounted to 4,500,000 

 tons in 1880, worth $3,800,000, and to 6,318,000 

 tons in 1889, worth $3.159,000. 



Iron Ore. The product of iron ore in 1880 

 amounted to 7,120,362 long tons, valued at $23.- 

 156,957, and in 1889 to 14,518,041 long tons, val- 

 ued' at $33,351,978. 



Aluminum. Aluminum was not reported in 

 1880, 1881, and 1882 ; in 1883 the quantity re- 

 ported was 83 pounds, valued at $875, or $10.54 

 per pound; the product increased in 1884 to 150 

 pounds, in 1885 to 283 pounds, in 1886 to 3,000 

 pounds, valued at $9 per pound; in 1887 the 



