852 



URUGUAY. 



UTAH. 



Finances. The receipts of the treasury dur- 

 ing the fiscal year ending June 30, 1889, were 

 $15,690,294, of which $9.557,835 were derived 

 from customs, $1,630,439 from direct taxation, 

 $1,180,756 from patents, and $3,320,264 from 

 other sources. The public debt on Jan. 1, ly'JO, 

 amounted to $81,279,752. 



Commerce. The imports in 1890 had a total 

 value of $32.365,000, of which $8,772,000 came 

 from Great Britain, $5,099,000 from Prance. 

 $2,809,000 from Germany, $2,643,000 from the 

 Argentine Republic, $2,629,000 from Italy, $2,- 

 473,000 from Brazil, $2,445,000 from the United 

 States, $2,174,000 from Spain, $1,493,000 from 

 Belgium, and $1,825,000 from other countries. 

 The total value of the exports was $29,086,000, 

 of which $6.121,000 went to France, $3,946,000 

 to Great Britain, $3,279,000 to Brazil, $3,141,000 

 to Belgium, $2,551,000 to the Argentine Repub- 

 lic, $2,004,000 to the United States, $1,020,000 

 to Germany, and $7,024,000 to other countries. 

 The export of hides and leather was $9,413,000 

 in value: wool, $7,866,000; meat, $3,881,000; 

 extract of beef, $1,677,000; tallow, $1,655,000; 



train, $924,000 ; live animals, $545.000 ; marble, 

 450,000: horse^ hair, $413,000. The wool clip 

 is about 70,000.000 pounds per annum, valued at 

 $10,000,000. The climate is so temperate and 

 the pasturage so rich that the flocks and herds 

 multiply at an extraordinary rate. In 1888 the 

 number of cattle slaughtered was 773,449, the 

 only valuable products being hides and tallow, 

 as the meat finds little use. except for beef ex- 

 tract. A small proportion of the mutton and 

 beef, though considerable in quantity, has more 

 recently been shipped abroad in the frozen con- 

 dition, and there is a large exportation of jsrked 

 beef to Brazil. Wheat, corn, olives, grapes, and 

 tobacco are raised, mainly by Spanish, Swiss, and 

 Italian colonists. There were 1,431 ocean ves- 

 sels, of 1,812,361 tons, entered at Montevideo in 

 1890, including 820 steamers, of 1.397,983 tons ; 

 while the total number cleared was 1,362, of 

 1,779,277 tons, of which 841, of 1,376,184 tons, 

 were steamers. 



Communications. The railroads open to 

 traffic on April 1, 1891, had a total length of 

 1,127 kilometres. There were 664 kilometres in 

 course of construction, and 2,260 kilometres 

 more were planned. The number of pieces of 

 mail matter sent during 1889 was 14,975,246 in 

 the internal and 6,364,811 in the international 

 service. The receipts of the post-office were 

 1,114,941 francs, and the expenses 1,062.531 

 francs. The telegraphs on Jan. 1, 1890, had a 

 length of 3,764 kilometres. The number of dis- 

 patches in 1889 was 189,412. 



The Financial and Political Situation. 

 Conflicts on political and financial questions led 

 to the resignation of the ministry on Feb. 28, 

 and on March 4 a cabinet of conciliation was 

 formed, composed as follows: Minister of the 

 Interior, Captain-General Perez ; Minister of 

 Foreign Affairs, Manuel Herrero y Espinosa ; 

 Minister of Finance, Carlos Maria Ramirez; 

 Minister of War and Marine. Gen. Callorda; 

 Minister of Commerce, Agriculture, and Public 

 Works, Jose Maria Castellanos. An advance of 

 $5,000,000 was obtained from bankers to help 

 the Government out of its financial difficulties. 

 Early in May, Juan Capurro succeeded Senor 



Castellanos as Minister of Commerce and Agri- 

 culture. The Government was compelled to let 

 some of the railroad guarantee bonds go into 

 default, being involved in the financial crisis 

 that overtook the country in consequence of the 

 collapse of gigantic speculations carried on in 

 sympathy with those in Argentina, that were in 

 fact instituted by the same people in both 

 " countries. The foreign debt, consisting of a 

 unified loan of 10,624,000 paying 5 per cent., 

 and a sterling loan of 4,120,000 paying 6 per 

 cent., imposed an interest charge greater than 

 the Government could meet, and the English 

 bondholders were constrained, in August, 1891, 

 to agree to a general reduction of the rate of in- 

 terest to 3 per cent. The bill authorizing the 

 consolidation of the external debt on this basis 

 was passed by both Chambers in the beginning 

 of October. On Oct. 11 a revolution was at- 

 tempted in Montevideo. The revolutionists, who 

 belonged to the party of Blanco, attempted 

 without success to suborn the artillery. A ris- 

 ing took place in the suburb of La Union, and 

 simultaneously men collected in the country dis- 

 tricts. Soldiers were at hand to suppress the 

 insurrection, and after a short fight, in which 54 

 persons were killed, and many wounded, quiet 

 was restored. There were 52 arrests made. 

 About 700 insurgents collected in the capital. 

 The leadei', Dr. Pantaleon Perez, was shot, and 

 several of the chief conspirators were made 

 prisoners in the beginning, as they entered the 

 artillery barracks, having been entrapped by the 

 commander, Col. Latorre, who pretended to 

 enter into the conspiracy. Martial law was de- 

 clared in Montevideo by act of the Congress, and 

 troops scoured the country for members of the 

 revolutionary or Junta party, who all fled from 

 the capital. The supporters of the Government 

 declared that the clergy were the instigators of 

 the outbreak, and that a bishop had delivered a 

 speech in favor of revolt. 



UTAH, a Territory of the United States, or- 

 ganized Sept. 9, 1850; area, 84,970 square miles. 

 The population, according to each decennial 

 census, was 11,380 in 1850; 40,273 in 1860; 86,- 

 786 in 1870; 143,963 in 1880; and 207,905 in 

 1890. Capital, Salt Lake City. 



Government. The following were the Terri- 

 torial officers during the year : Governor, Arthur 

 L. Thomas ; Secretary, Elijah Sells ; Treasurer, 

 Bolivar Roberts ; Auditor, Arthlir Pratt ; Com- 

 missioner of Common Schools, Jacob S. Bore- 

 man; Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, 

 Charles S. Zane ; Associate Justices, Thomas J. 

 Anderson, John W. Blackburn, and Henry P. 

 Henderson, who resigned early in the year and 

 was succeeded by James A. Miner. 



Finances. During the two years ending 

 Dec. 31, 1891, the receipts of the Territory were 

 $1.477,140.31. Of the taxes for 1891 there is 

 still due from the counties, as nearly as can be 

 estimated, $226,849.77. The disbursements dur- 

 ing the same period amounted to $1.500,313.80. 

 A deficiency of $23,173.49 is shown by these fig- 

 vires, the chief causes for which are, first, the 

 payment of $11.000 to Auditor Pratt and Treas- 

 urer Roberts, under order of the court, as sala- 

 ries during the time they were kept out of office, 

 and second, to the payment of $11,739.38 on 

 warrants issued by Auditor Clayton in excess of 



