ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. 



The Case of the Uishop of Lincoln. The 



Court of Privy Council rendered a decision in 

 August in the matter <>r the appeal of tin- mcm- 



IM -r.-of I hi- Church Association from the decision 

 of the Archbishop of Canterbury in the case of 

 the proceedings against tin- Hishop of Ijincoln 

 for olTenses in ritual, dismissing the appeal. An 

 abstract of the decision of the Archbishop, which 

 is thus sustained, is given in the Annual Cyclo- 

 pedia for 1891. 



The Church in Ireland. The General 

 Syimd of the Anglican Church in Ireland met 

 A'pril :><;. The Archbishop of Dublin presided, 

 and having represented tne present condition 

 and prospects of the Church as, in his mind, full 

 of hope, proceeded to speak in opposition to the 

 granting of " home rule" to Ireland. 



Anglicanism and Nonconformity in 

 Wales. An assertion made by the Bishop of 

 St. Asaph, in 1891, that 16 nonconformist 

 ministers in Wales had applied for ordination 

 in the Church of England, has excited much 

 discussion and been sturdily denied by the 

 nonconformists of the principality, and par- 

 ticularly by the representatives of the Welsh 

 Cahinistic Methodist Church. It has been con- 

 Tinned by Prof. Lias, chaplain to the Bishop 

 of Llandaff, who said publicly at a meeting in 

 Cambridge in June, 1892, that he had seen and 

 read a great pile of letters from dissenting min- 

 isters in Wales, and in the preceding year had 

 examined 16 of the writers. 



Church Congress. The thirty-second annual 

 Church Congress met at Folkestone, Oct. 4, under 

 the presidency of the Archbishop of Canterbury. 

 The principal' subjects discussed were: "The At- 

 titude of the Church toward Labor Combina- 

 tions in Respect to their Aims and their Meth- 

 od-;." "The Work of the Church of England 

 on the Continent," "The Result of the Neglect, 

 of Religious Education in Elementary Schools," 

 The Duty of the Church to the Agricultural 

 Population in View of their Spiritual and So- 

 cial Needs, and their Increased Responsibilities 

 as Citizens," " The Temperance Movement," 

 " The Church in Wales," " Canon Law in Con- 

 nection with the Government and Discipline of 

 the Church of England," "Christian Ethics, In- 

 dividual and Social." "The Permanent Value of 

 the Old Testament for the Christian Church in 

 its Educational. Kvidential, and Devotional As- 

 pects," " Do the Interests of Mankind require 

 Experiments on Living Animals, and if so, up to 

 what Point are they Justifiable?," "Foreign 

 Missions." "Thrift and the Poor Law," "The 

 Preparation for Deacons' and Priests' Orders, 

 and the Preparation of Laymen for Evangel- 

 istic Work," "The Duty of the Church toward 

 Soldiers," "Preaching in the Church of Eng- 

 land." and " ( 'liurch Work at the Seaside, among 

 Residents and Visitors.'' A special meeting for 

 women was held, at which the subjects of " Train- 

 ing of Workers." "The Industrial Condition of 

 Women," "Co-operation," "Temperance." and 

 " Physical Recreation " were discussed wholly by 

 women. 



A IMiENTINE REPUBLIC, a federal repub- 

 lic in South America. The executive authority 

 is vested in a President, elected for six years by 

 representatives of the federated provinces, each 

 of which chooses twice as many presidential 



electors ns it has representatives in both 

 branches of Congress. The Senate has 80 

 members, 2 from each province; and 2 from 

 the Federal District. The House of Deputies 

 consists of 86 members, elected directly by the 

 people; for four years, the moiety being renewed 

 every two years. The Nice- President acts as 

 Chairman of the Senate. Dr. Carlos Pellegrini, 

 who was elected Vice- President for the presi- 

 dential term ending Oct. 12, 1892, succi eded to 

 the presidential office. Dr. Juarez Celnian re- 

 signed on Aug. 6. 1890. Lirs Saenz IVna was 

 elected President, and Z. S. Tribai-ru Vice-Presi- 

 dent, for the term beginning Oct. 12, 1892, in 

 the election of April, 1892. 



Finance. The ordinary revenue of the Gov- 

 ernment in 1887 was $58.135.000, and the ex- 

 penditure |54.098,227. In 1888 the receipts 

 were $57,651.711, and the disbursements $50,- 

 801,638. In 1889 the receipts increased to $74,- 

 676,706, and the expenses were still only $50,- 

 687.544. In 1890 the revenue was $78,407,670, 

 while the expenditures, owing to special appro- 

 priations not set down in the budget, leaped up 

 to $92,853,846. For 1891 the revenue was esti- 

 mated at $73,150,855, of which $47.546,785 rep- 

 resent customs duties on imports, $4,246,266 

 direct taxes, $4,010.240 stamp duties, $2,185,809 

 postal revenue, and $15,161,755 other receipts. 

 The ordinary expenditure was originally reck- 

 oned at $67,881,884, of which $25,989,893 were 

 allocated to the Finance Department. $16,237,- 

 406 to the Interior, $9,517,026 to Public In- 

 struction. $9,507,839 to the Ministry of War, 

 $4,029,440 to the Navy, and $2.600,2*0 to 

 Foreign Affairs. Subsequently the total esti- 

 mate of expenditure was cut. down to $58.- 

 252,362. These estimates are in paper dollars. 

 The value of the currency dollar declined from 

 80 cents on the gold dollar in 1886, when $70,- 

 000,000 of currency were in circulation, to 40 

 cents in 1890, when" there were $200,000,000 out, 

 and 27^ cents in 1891. when the amount issued 

 was $300,000,000. The national debt is said to 

 have grown from $117.200.000 in 1886 to $355,- 

 800,000 in 1890, and $475,000.000 in 1891. Ac- 

 cording to an official statement, the funded 

 liabilities consisted of $157,100,000 of foreign 

 debt, Sl()1.7(i(i.(iOO of 44-per-cent. bonds owned 

 by national banks and deposited in the treasury 

 to secure circulation, and $1,225,631 of internal 

 bonds. A proposition to fund the interest on 

 the foreign debt in 6-per-cent. gold bonds was 

 approved by Congress in May, 1891. The float- 

 ing debt was stated to be $700,961 in gold and 

 $10,174.548 in currency. An inventory of prop- 

 erty belonging to the National Government 

 makes the valuation $703,793,1 T','. 



The Army and Navv. The regular army 

 numbers 5.585 men. including 11 generals. 1,118 

 officers, 2,331 infantry. 2.227 cavalry. 7*!* artil- 

 lery, and 238 engineers. The militia numbers 

 886.000 men. 



The naval force consists of 1 ironclad war 

 vessel of 4,200 tons, 2 ironclad monitors, 2 deck- 

 protected cruisers, 7 gunboats, 2 transports. 7 

 avisos. 1 torpedo school-shin, 4 torpedo boats, 

 and 4 spar torpedo boats. The sea-going fight- 

 ing ship is the "Almirante Brown." built in 

 England in isso. She is plated with 9 inches 

 of steel-faced armor, and carries 6 ll^-ton Arm- 



