CITIES, AMERICAN. (CHILLICOTHE.) 



109 



commercial importance. In 1865 it was incor- 

 porated as a city, an area 13 miles square being 

 within its limits. Transportation facilities are 

 afforded by the Vermont Central, the Burling- 

 tiin and Lamoille, and the Rutland and Burling- 

 ton Railroads, and by a line of lake steamers 

 having its otliees here and connecting by the 

 I>ela\\are and Hudson Railroad with the Hud- 

 son river and Lake George steamers for summer 

 travel as well as the carriage of large amounts 

 of freight. Boats connect also with the Dela- 

 ware and Hudson Canal opposite. The streets 

 are regularly laid out, and a considerable part 

 of the 50 miles in all are paved and macad- 

 aini/ed. The residence portion is beautifully 

 shaded, and there are 6 public parks. It is 

 thoroughly lighted by gas and electricity. Three 

 lines of street railway aggregate 6 miles. The 

 water supply, derived from the lake, is pumped 

 to reservoirs 800 feet above its level, having a 

 capacity of 6,000,000 gallons. There are 30 miles 

 of mains, also 200 fire hydrants. The volunteer 

 fire department has a system of electric alarm, 

 and consists of 6 companies. Nine public schools 

 (buildings valued at $130,000) employ 45 teach- 

 ers and have an attendance of about 1800. The 

 high school is a fine building, and there is also 

 a ousiness college. The Catholics maintain a 

 college for boys, an academy for girls, and 2 pa- 

 rochial schools. The Vermont Episcopal Insti- 

 tute was founded in 1854 by the first bishop of 

 the State, whose name was given to Bishop Hop- 

 kins Hall, a school for girls, worth $80,000. The 

 attendance in parochial schools in 1890 was 

 1,322. The University of Vermont, chartered 

 by the Legislature in 1791 and rechartered in 

 1865 as the University of Vermont and State 

 Agricultural College, is valued, estimating cost 

 and fund, at $500,000. In 1888-'89 the total 

 number of students in all departments was 468. 

 The medical department, organized in 1821, has 

 a building given by John P. Howard worth $50.- 

 000. The Billings Library building, the gift to 

 the university of Hon. Frederick Billings, cost 

 $130,000; it contains the college library of more 

 than 36,000 volumes. In the park in front 

 of the university stands a bronze statue of La- 

 fayette which cost $25,000, and commemorates 

 the laying of the corner stone of the university 

 by him in 1825. In Green Mount Cemetery 

 there is a monument to Ethan Allen, who is 

 buried near the site. The shaft, of Barre gran- 

 ite, rises 42 feet above the pedestal, and is sur- 

 mounted by a statue of the hero 8 feet 4 inches 

 high. It was completed in 1873. Mary Fletcher 

 Hospital, valued at $450,000, was a gift to the 

 city, and received its charter in 1876. It is sup- 

 plemented by various private retreats and sani- 

 tariums. The Fletcher Free Library, another 

 gift, contains 20,000 volumes. Other charities 

 are a Home for Destitute Children, worth $200,- 

 000, to which John P. Howard gave the opera 

 house, built by him at a cost of $100,000; the 

 Howard Relief Association, worth $60,000, dat- 

 ine from 1888, as does also the Home for Aged 

 Women ; and 2 orphan asylums worth $100,000 

 each. The Young Men's Christian Association 

 has a building worth $50,000. Ten churches are 

 valued at $475,000. One is a Roman Catholic 

 cathedral and one a Jewish synagogue. The 

 city is the center of the yachting on Lake Cham- 



plain, and has a yacht club house. Ice yachting 

 in winter is a favorite amusement. The public 

 buildings are the county courthouse, the Fed- 

 eral court, post office and customhouse, and the 

 City Hall. One daily and 4 weekly newspapers 

 are published ; also a college monthly. The ag- 

 gregate capital of 2 national banks is $800,000. 

 and there are also a savings bank and a trust 

 company. The city has a board of trade. Lum- 

 ber is the most important industry. In 1890, 

 5 large lumber firms had an aggregate capital 

 of $4,000,000 and handled 150,000,000 feet of 

 lumber yearly, employing 1,000 men. Their 

 yards cover a large area on the lake front, with 

 miles of dockage, and they operate extensive 

 saw and planing mills. The manufactures re- 

 quire a capital of $1,667,000, employ 1,689 per- 

 sons with monthly wages of $52.750, and turn 

 out an annual product of $3,237,500. They in- 

 clude cotton mills employing 300 persons and 

 turning out 30,000 yards daily, a factory of hy- 

 draulic and other machinery, woolen mills, sash, 

 door, and blind factories, wood-working estab- 

 lishments, Venetian - blind, shade - roller, and 

 screen companies, machine shops, marble and 

 granite works, iron works, car-repair shops, brush, 

 box, cigar, carriage, candy, and various specialty 

 factories. Ample power is furnished by Winoo- 

 ski river, but steam is largely employed. On the 

 lake shore a large cold-storage building has been 

 erected. 



Chillicothe, a city of Ohio, county seat of 

 Ross County, in the southwestern part of the 

 State, on the right bank of Scioto river and the 

 north bank of Paint creek, 3 miles above the 

 mouth of the latter stream, 50 miles from Col- 

 umbus, and 96 from Cincinnati. In 1880 the 

 population was 10,938: in 1890, 11,288. Trans- 

 portation is afforded by the Baltimore and Ohio, 

 the Southwestern, the Norfolk and Western, the 

 Chicago, Hamilton and Dayton Railroads, and 

 the Ohio Canal. The city was founded in 1796, 

 and settled from Kentucky and Virginia. It 

 was the capital of the State from 1800 to 1810 

 and from 1813 to 1816. It is in a fertile valley, 

 surrounded by hills, and has an elevation of 

 635 feet above sea level. The streets are wide 

 and well graded, crossing each other at right 

 angles, and many are shaded with handsome 

 trees. The original cost of the water works 

 was $75,000. There are efficient police and fire 

 departments; an electric-light plant in addition 

 to gas; a telephone exchange; 4 banks, 3 of 

 which are national and 1 a savings bank : 1 daily 

 and 7 weekly newspapers. One of the latter, 

 dating from 1800. has been published longer 

 continually than any other paper west of the 

 Ohio. In addition to 5 public-school buildings, 

 with an enrollment of 1,842 pupils, there are a 

 high school, 1 free mission, and 2 Catholic 

 schools. The assessed valuation of property in 

 1888-'89 was $5,698.666. and the value of public 

 property used for school purposes was $150.000. 

 A public library, an opera house, a fine citv-hall 

 building, and a courthouse costing $100,000 are 

 supplemented by handsome business blocks. 

 12 churches, and 10 hotels. About 4,000 hands 

 are employed in the manufacturing establish- 

 ments, which include 1 paper. 2 planing, and 3 

 flouring mills; 2 grain elevators; 2 lumber 

 yards; 2 breweries; 1 novelty and 1 specialty 



