CITIES, AMERICAN. (LANSING.) 



113 



and 1 commercial college. The value of 

 church property is placed at $478,800, and the 

 J."> churches an- divided a- follow: 13 Bap- 

 ti-t. .'i Catholic, 4 Christ inn. ',' Congregational, 1 

 (id-man Evangelical, 11 MdhodiM ('2 (Jerman 

 and ~ African). 1 hat t IT- May Saints, 4 Prc-hy- 

 tcrian, ~ Episcopal. 1 Tabernacle, and 1 iVn- 

 plc's. St. Margaret's Hospital, valued at $50.- 

 000, accommodates 120 pat icnls. Thecity's Board 

 of Trade dates from 1884. and t here is a Chamber 

 of Commerce. The Exchange building stands 

 on Central Avenue, the principal business thor- 

 oughfare. Other notable buildings along it are 

 the Simpson Block, the market house, and the 

 Produce Exchange. Hourly local mails have 

 been established with Kansas City. Mo., and free 

 mail delivery is extended over the whole city. 

 During the year ending June 30, 1891, 3.320,749 

 pieces of mail matter were handled at the post 

 office, an' increase of 23 per cent, over the pre- 

 vious year. Every important system of railway 

 lines in the West but one connects with the city, 

 and of the 15 great systems centering here 8 

 have terminals in the city and its suburbs, while 

 tin- 7 others, having terminals in Kansas City. 

 Mo., do an extensive business here also, through 

 the belt lines and switch arrangements with 

 other roads. There are 4 railway shops in Kan- 

 sas City proper, and 1 in Kansas City, Mo. The 

 first railroad of Kansas City was opened to 

 Lawrence in 1864. In 1890 the two Kansas 

 Cities united to form the Missouri River Trans- 

 portation Company, which owns 3 large stcam- 

 m, The stockyards of Kansas City cover more 

 than KM) acres and are penetrated by railroad 

 switches that enable the unloading of 4,000 cattle 

 an hour. During 1891 4.405,331 animals were 

 marketed, valued at $60.504,031. Of these, 1.280,- 

 NO! were cattle, 83,500 calves, 2,616,749 hogs, 

 338.034 sheep, and 32,209 horses and mules; 

 92,488 cars were required. In the city there are 

 4 grain elevators, with a storage capacity of 

 1,690,000 bushels. Beef and pork packing is the 

 leading industry. Of the 7 large packing houses 

 in the two Kansas Cities. 6 belong to the Kansas 

 side, 2 for beef and 4 for pork. Together they 

 have an area of 143 square acres, the real estate 

 being valued at $1,500,000, and the plants at 

 $5,701,394, while the amount of capital required 

 to run them is $12,380,000. The value of the 

 product in 1891 was $40,656,134 ; 4,433 hands 

 were employed, with wages to the amount of 

 12,483,915; and 2,000,000 brick were ordered 

 during the year for an addition to one of the 

 plants. Packing had its beginning in 1868. In 

 1891 the output of the houses was 551,653 cattle, 

 0.071.S13 hogs, and 112,057 sheep. In 1860 the 

 total amount of capital invested in manufac- 

 tures at Kansas City was $40,100, and 46 hands 

 were employed. In 1891 $12,797.500 were in- 

 v-sted. independent of the value of the plants, 

 with a yearly product of $58,466,405. The es- 

 talilishments numbered 74. These, exclusive of 

 the packing houses, have an annual product of 

 $17,810.271. and include 5 foundries, 5 cooper- 

 ages. :', brickworks. 3 planing mills, 4 ice facto- 

 ries, desiccating works. 4 carriage and wagon. :: 

 harness and saddlery. 4 soap, and 3 cigar facto- 

 ries, and others of boxes and baskets, oilcloth, 

 wall plaster, brooms, scales, gluo. wire, furni- 

 ture, steel ranges, and cement. There are also 

 VOL. xxxn. 8 A 



several flouring mills and canning and evapor- 

 ating factories. 



Lansing, a city, the capital of Michigan, in 

 Ingham County, on both sides of Grand river at 

 the mouth of Cedar river, south of the center of 

 the State, 85 miles from Detroit, 72 from (Jrand 

 Rapids, and 208 from Chicago. The population 

 by the census of 1890 was 13,102. In 1847 it 

 was selected as the site of the capital, while still 

 covered with a vast forest, and in 1859 it was 

 incorporated as a city. The limits extend 2 

 miles from east to west, and 3 miles from north 

 to south, embracing an area of 3,840 acres. It 

 has four large railroads the Chicago and Grand 

 Trunk, the Detroit, Lansing and Northern, tin- 

 Michigan Central, and the Lake Shore and 

 Michigan Southern. The elevation above sea 

 level is 836 feet. Latitude 42 40', longitude 

 84 32'. The assessed valuation of property in 

 1890 was $6,500,000, and in 1891 $6,750,000. 

 In 1890 the sum expended for general improve- 

 ments was $700,940. and in 1891 $764,950; 230 

 dwellings were erected during the last year, and 

 19 stores, aggregating an expenditure of $514.- 

 950. The total length of the sewerage and 

 drainage system is 20 miles, and has cost $75,- 

 000. Street improvements for the year 1891 

 cost $16,000. Two systems of electric lighting, 

 costing $40,000, are in operation, with 104 lights. 

 The water works are owned by the city, which 

 has derived from them a net revenue of $12,000 

 yearly. Their total cost equals $175,000, includ- 

 31 miles of mains. The paid fire department 

 has a membership of 21. Eight bridges span 

 the river. The post-office receipts for 1891 were 

 $38,126.73, and the expenses $16,616.55. leaving 

 a balance of $21,510 18, an excess over the pre- 

 vious year of $4,170.97. Free delivery has been 

 established for eleven years. The school prop- 

 erty, including the high school, is valued at 

 $120.000, and 51 teachers are employed; 2.717 

 pupils are enrolled. The expenditure for school 

 purposes in 1891 reached $73,242.86, of which 

 $15,407 was for new buildings and repairs. 

 There is also a business college. The cliurch 

 property is estimated at $320.000; including 

 branches, there are 24 buildings. Two national 

 and 3 saving banks and 3 building and loan 

 associations facilitate business. Nine printing 

 offices issue 13 newspapers and magazines. The 

 street railway is of the Westinghouse (electric) 

 system, and has a capital of $150,000. Its ex- 

 tension to the agricultural college, J miles from 

 the city, is contemplated. There are 2 parks, 

 14 hotels, and an opera house, with seating 

 capacity of 1,300, which cost $70,000. Three 

 State institutions are at Lansing. The Reform 

 School, established in 1855, embraces in connec- 

 tion with its 32 buildings. :{(>() acres of land. 

 The total value of grounds, buildings, library. 

 apparatus, etc.. is $255,000. For the year 1^!M 

 the legislative appropriations amounted lo $58.- 

 (100, and the receipts from all sources aggregated 

 $62.012. In 1891 268 inmates were received 

 and 200 discharged. The School for the Blind. 

 established in 1880. has 77 inmates. The value 

 of buildings, grounds, etc.. is $176,375. The 

 build insrs of the Agricultural College numlier 

 58. and cost $283,000. They are beautifully 

 located in a park of 50 acres, and the college 

 farm contains 676 acres. The appropriations of 



