BCUAlmlJ. 



EBGYPT 



246 



cHme from mourns. The ex- 

 penditure was 8,820,600 sucres. That was the 

 amount disbursed, imt oilier sums were due, the 

 pa\ment of which was defrrrvil. 



In IS.YI Kcuador recognized a foreign debt f 

 L'l.s-JU'OO as her share of the old Colombian 

 debt. In 1867 the Government ceased to pay 

 tin- interest, and in August, 1S!M). a compromise 

 was agreed to on the part of the creditors, by 

 which tin- debt and unpaid interest were con- 

 \rrtcd inio LT."iO,000 of bonds paying 4J per 

 cent, for five years. 4f per cent, for five years 

 more, and 5 per cent, thereafter, with a sinking 

 fund of ^ per cent, for five years and 1 per cent. 

 a I'l erward. This arrangement was not consum- 

 mated, because the Ecuadorian Government 

 would not agree to a condition reviving all the 

 prior claims of the bondholders as soon as any 

 default in the interest should occur. There is 

 an internal debt of about 5,000,000 sucres. 



( oinmercc and Production. The imports 

 in 1890 amounted to 10,016,352 sucres. The 

 value of the exports was 9,761,634 sucres. The 

 principal exportable product is cacao, the ship- 

 ments of which amounted to 7,104,140 sucres. 

 The export of coffee was valued at 654,320 su- 

 cres ; straw hats, 337,250 sucres ; hides, 226,874 

 sucres ; India rubber, 153,730 sucres ; ivory nuts, 

 130,800 sucres; and sugar, 87,356 sucres. The 

 export of gold and specie was 1,042,573 sucres. 

 Of the total imports, 2,671,566 sucres came from 

 Great Britain, 2,464,064 sucres from France. 

 1,607,461 sucres from the United States, 1,318,- 

 932 sucres from Germany, 930,545 sucres from 

 Peru, 365,101 sucres from Chili, 221,944 sucres 

 from Spain, and 107,376 sucres from Colombia. 

 Of the exports, 2,280,218 sucres went to France, 

 1,842,350 sucres to Spain, 1,729,914 sucres to 

 Great Britain, 1,403,891 sucres to Germany, 930,- 

 530 sucres to the United States, 574,251 sucres 

 to Peru, 459,130 sucres to Chili, and 334,255 

 sucres to Colombia. 



Navigation. The number of ships entered 

 at the port of Guayaquil in 1890 was 339, of 

 256,194 tons. There were 108, all sailing vessels. 

 of 5,070 tons, flving the Ecuadorian flag; 111 

 Mritish vessels, all steamers, of 126,600 tons; 87 

 other foreign steamers, of 112,612 tons, and 33 

 foreign sailing vessels, of 11,912 tons. The total 

 number cleared was 317, of 256,412 tons, of 

 which 198, of 239,272 tons, were steamers, and 

 lilt, of 17,140 tons, were sailing vessels. 



Communications. The only railroad, run- 

 ning from Duran, opposite Guayaquil, to Chim- 

 bo, a distance of 57 miles, is unfinished, and the 

 builders have stopped work because the Govern- 

 ment has taken possession of the salt mines, 

 which yield a net profit of 100,000 sucres per 

 annum, because the railroad company, to which 

 the salt monopoly had been handed over, al- 

 lowed its concession to lapse. The matter is in 

 litigation, and a French company, which agreed 

 in 1891 to continue the railroad to Quito, has 

 not been able to raise sufficient capital. 



There are 1,074 miles of telegraph connecting 

 Quito with Guayaquil and with Colombian ports 

 and the ocean cable. 



Political Events. There were rumors in 

 April, 1892, of a revolutionary movement, which 

 were contradicted by the Government. The 

 cause of the ferment was the approaching 



change of administration. Tin- new President, 

 a .Moderate Liberal, wa- elm-en by I he National 

 Congress. After assuming the (iovernmeut in 

 August, he constituted his Cabinet tis follows: 

 Minister nf the Interior and of Foreign Affairs, 

 Vicente Lueio Sala/ar; .Minister of the Treasury, 

 Antonio Drlca/a; Minister of Kdueation. Ca- 

 vallos Salvador; Minister of War and Marine, 

 .lo-e Sevasti. 



During the discussion of proposals for reci- 

 procity of commerce between the United State- 

 ami the Ecuadorian government, the British 

 minister formally protested, in June, 1892, that 

 under the treaty with Great Britain that coun- 

 try would be entitled to any advantage extended 

 to other nations. 



EGYPT, a principality in northern Africa, 

 tributary to Turkey. The Government is an ab- 

 solute hereditary monarchy, under a prince who 

 bears the title of Khedive or Viceroy, under a 

 firman obtained from Ihe Sultan of Turkey. 

 The Khedive Mohammed Tewfik, born Nov. 19, 

 1852, who succeeded to the throne on the abdi- 

 cation of his father, Ismail Pasha, on June 26. 

 1879, died Jan. 7, 1892. His son and successor, 

 Abbas, was born on July 14, 1874. Since the 

 occupation of the country by a British army 

 and the abolition of the Anglo-French joint 

 control in 1883, the Khedive has been advised 

 in financial matters by an English financial ad- 

 viser, who has a seat in the Council of Ministers, 

 and without whose advice no financial measure 

 can be taken. 



Finances. The revenue of Egypt was esti- 

 mated in 1880 by the international commission 

 of liquidation for 1882 and succeeding years at 

 E. 8,411,622, of which E- 3,513,734 was as- 

 signed to the debt and E. 4,897,888 to the ex- 

 penses of government. The budget for 1892 

 makes the revenue E. 9,950,000, of which E. 

 5,000,000 come from the land-tax, date-tree 

 taxes, etc., E. 185,000 from the duty on trade 

 and professions, E. 1,400,000 from customs. 

 E. 190,000 from octroi duties, E. 233.000 

 from salt and natron duties, E. 85,000 from 

 fisheries, E. 75,000 from navigation dues, E. 

 1,480,000 from railroads. V. I-:. 36,000 from tele- 

 graphs, E. 115,000 from the port of Alexan- 

 dria, E. 245,000 from posts, E. 100.000 from 

 lighthouses, E. 360,000 from the Ministry of 

 Justice, E. 80,000 from exemption from mili- 

 tary service, E. 80,000 from rents of Govern- 

 ment property, E. 16.000 from the governor- 

 ship of Suakin, E. 55,000 from the pension 

 fund, and E. 215,000 from other sources. The 

 total expenditure is estimated at !' V.. !. 400,000. 

 of which E. 4,015,047 are for the service of 

 the debt, E. 665,041 for the tribute to Tur- 

 key, E. 100,000 for the Khedive's civil list. 

 E. 114,127 for the civil lists of Ismail Pasha 

 and his family, E. 54,420 for the Khedive's 

 private cabinet, E. 499.049 for the Ministry 

 of Public Works, E. 885.908 for the Ministry 

 of Justice. E. 112,046 for the Ministry of Fi- 

 nance, E. 322,027 for the administration of 

 the provinces, E. 115,658 for the Ministry of 

 the Interior, E. 90.849 for the Ministry of 

 Public Instruction. E. 122.263 for other min- 

 istries, E. 126,870 for administration of the 

 customs, E. 88,883 for collection of octroi*, 

 E. 47,240 for collection of the salt and natron 



