FRANCE. 



368 



at 1 1 1,058,768 francs; the tax on buildings, 71,- 



MI'.I.MMI fr.ino; the tax on personal property, 



'.M;D francs; the tax on doors and win- 



58,781,280 francs; trade licenses, 118,666,- 



i',ii(i franco; the tax for notices, 622,500 francs; 



on horses and carriages and other special 



.'!).!03,100 francs; direct taxes of Algeria, 



;i>() Crimes; registration fees, 538,224,000 



francs; stamps, l<i!Ui>.:>00 francs; customs, 



I i:..:! 1 1,7(10 francs; su-ar duty, 181,000,000 



francs; excise duties and other indirect taxes, 



.V.Mi,.")7-.iini) francs; indirect taxes of Algeria, 



Jli.uii ;,!)()() francs. 



The rectified budget estimates for 1891 made 

 the total ordinary revenue 3,077.182,185 francs, 

 and the grand total 3,713,385,754 francs. The 

 land tax for 1891 was estimated at 111,657,086 

 francs ; building tax, 71,251,080 francs ; personal- 

 |ir|icrty tax. 81,640,800 francs; door and win- 

 dow tax, 53,285,000 francs; trade licenses, 111,- 

 648,000 francs ; tax on notices, 628,500 francs ; 

 carriage and special taxes, 29.002,700 francs; 

 direct taxes of Algeria, 9,114,300 francs; regis- 

 tration, 505,502,741 francs; stamps, 163,969,011 

 francs; customs, 375,321,631 francs; excise and 

 other indirect taxes, 617,575,148 francs ; sugar, 

 17.").") 70,000 francs; indirect taxes of Algeria, 

 9.114,300 francs: state monopolies, 615,059,894 

 francs; domains and forests, 43,937,449 francs ; 

 various revenues, 26,441,597 francs. 



The estimated expenditure for 1892 is 3,779,- 

 499,084 francs, including the 107,322,133 francs 

 of expenditure pour ordre and 454,351,426 francs 

 of expenditure out of special resources, exclud- 

 ing which the total of the general budget is 

 3,217,825,525 francs. The items under the vari- 

 ous heads are as follow : Public debt, 1,284,191,- 

 374 francs ; the President, Senate, and Chamber, 

 13,094,440 francs ; Ministry of Justice, 37,505,- 

 810 francs; Religion, 45.057,157 francs; Minis- 

 try of Foreign Affairs, 15,078,800 francs; Minis- 

 try of the Interior for France, 69,634,702 francs; 

 Ministry of Finance, 19,967,490 francs; Posts 

 and Telegraphs, 151,673,074 francs ; ordinary ex- 

 penditures of the Ministry of War, 585.118,197 

 francs ; extraordinary expenditures for War, 85,- 

 402,500 francs; Ministry of Marine, 212,903,414 

 francs; the Colonies, 55,125,467 francs ; Public 

 Instruction, 178,5 12,9 14 francs; Fine Arts, 8,140,- 

 !)"M francs; Ministry of Commerce and Industry, 

 r.i.5!i!),636 francs; Ministry of Agriculture, 36,- 

 07 > J.ii50 francs; Ministry of Public Works, 86,- 

 1 7s.i too francs for ordinary and 110.647,000 francs 

 for extraordinary purposes ; expenses for the col- 

 lection of the revenue, 183,154,944 francs ; repay- 

 ments, etc., 13,025,700 francs. 



The rectified budget estimates for 1891 make 

 the expenditures of the several departments as 

 follows: Public debt, 1,274.745,358 francs ; Pres- 

 ident, Senate, and Chamber, 13,051,940 francs; 

 Justice, 37,493,250 francs; Religion, 45,067,003 

 francs; Foreign Affairs, 14.741,800 francs; In- 

 terior for France, '!'. 409,278 francs; Interior for 

 Algeria, 7.254,447 francs; Finance, 19,937.070 

 francs ; Posts and Telegraphs, 146,147,998 francs ; 

 War, 557,669,040 francs of ordinary and 108,- 

 060,000 francs of extraordinary expenditure; 

 Marine, 209.503,781 francs; Colonies, 53,550,553 

 francs; Public Instruction, 173,372,524 francs; 

 Fine Arts, 8.106,455 francs; Commerce and In- 

 dustry, 19,725,286 francs; Agriculture, 36,048,- 



050 francs; Public Works, 167,460,480 francs; 



excuses of collect iii. ranes; 



repayments, etc., Hi. 0^,700 franc.-. The pay- 

 menis on account of the public debt for 1892, 

 amounting to 1,284,191,874 liuncs, consist of 

 t.")(i.i:!5,244 francs of 3-per-ecnt. p> rpctual rente, 

 :;i >.-), .') 40,276 francs of 44-per-cent. rente, 297,126,- 

 924 francs of terminable annuities, and 225,275,- 

 784 francs for pensions and other life int. 

 The capitalized value of the consolidated debt 

 is about 21,241,621,712 francs, while the float- 

 ing debt amounts to 908,724,600 francs, on which 

 interest is paid, and 71,476,000 francs bearing no 

 interest. The total public debt was officially 

 estimated in November, 1890, at a nominal sum 

 of 30,300,813,594 francs, on which 3-48 percent. 

 interest is paid, or 22,824,043,690 francs at its 

 actual value, yielding 4*62 per cent, interest. The 

 debts of the communes in 1886 amounted to 

 3,020,450,528 francs. The revenue of the com- 

 munes for 1889 aggregated 486,553,939 francs. 

 The ordinary expenditure of the city of Paris 

 for 1891 was estimated at 264,691,174 francs, not 

 including 106,324,695 francs for interest on the 

 municipal debt. 



Fall of the Freycinet Cabinet. The long 

 discussion on the budget prolonged the autumn 

 session of the Chambers until it was time to or- 

 gani/e for the session of 1892, which the Con- 

 stitution requires to begin on the second Tues- 

 day in January. After agreeing to a compro- 

 mise with the Senate on the petroleum duties, 

 the Chamber passed the tariff bill introducing 

 high protection on Jan. 7 by 394 votes to 114. 

 and on Jan. 11 the session was closed. The new 

 session opened on the following day. M. Floquet 

 was re-elected President of the Chamber, and M. 

 Le Royer of the Senate. On Jan. 17 the Gov- 

 ernment introduced a bill on associations which 

 abolishes the licenses heretofore necessary, and 

 simply requires that a society shall deliver to the 

 magistrates a copy of its regulations. No dis- 

 tinction is made between secular and monastic 

 societies ostensibly, yet the restrictions placed 

 upon religious associations are the chief features 

 of the bill. Such as are contrary to law, morality, 

 or public order are prohibited, and a police mag- 

 istrate may dissolve one for infringement of the 

 law. If a society acknowledges a chief living 

 abroad or has a majority of foreign members or 

 foreigners among its directors, or if it is a branch 

 of a foreign society, it may be dissolved by a 

 decree of the Government. Societies can possess 

 no real property not required for the accomplish- 

 ment of their proper objects, and are not allowed 

 to receive donations or legacies, which may no 

 longer be held even by trustees, but must be made 

 to a member individually. Any member is en- 

 titled to withdraw at any time, in which ease he 

 can reclaim the sums that he has paid in. The 

 police are entitled to enter the premises of any 

 society to ascertain that nothing unlawful is 

 being committed. Trading companies do not 

 come tinder the bill. Societies possessing real 

 estate not necessary for carrying out their <>ln 

 jects must dispose of it or apply for incorpora- 

 tion. Corporate rights can only be granted by 

 special legislation. On Jan. 19. when an inter- 

 pellation based on newspaper attacks on M. Con- 

 stans, Minister of the Interior, was rejected, M. 

 Laur, its mover, declared that the Chamber sacri- 



