322 



GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. 



France, 10,1-21,160 to the Netherlands, 9,128,- 

 164 to South Africa, 8,416,112 to the Argentine 

 Republic, 7,638,712 to Belgium, 7,458,628 to 

 Brazil, 7,225,911 to British North America, 6,- 

 772,061 to Turkey, 6,608,982 to China, 5,751,- 

 601 to Russia, 4,999,705 to Spain, 4,081,793 to 

 Japan, 3,381,830 to Egypt, 3,130,072 to Chili 

 and Bolivia, 3,061,976 to Sweden, 2,883,244 to 

 the Straits Settlements, 2,624,472 to the British 

 West Indies, 2,539,467 to Denmark, 2,528,212 

 to Hong-Kong, 2,157,784 to Portugal, 2.043,- 

 406 to Uruguay, 1,915,808 to Norway, 1,906,- 

 317 to Mexico, 1,876,756 to the Spanish West 

 Indies, 1,602,314 to West Africa, exclusive of 

 British possessions, 1,469,206 to Java, 1,283,- 

 209 to Austria, 1,270,271 to Roumania, 1,157,- 

 572 to Greece, 1,144,246 to Colombia, 1,123,- 

 395 to Peru, 1,024,392 to Malta, 998,412 to 

 the Philippine Islands, 987,168 to Central 

 America, 921,615 to Ceylon, 896,363 to Brit- 

 ish Guiana, 869,030 to British West Africa, 

 828,978 to Venezuela, 726,785 to the Channel 

 Islands, 638,387 to Morocco, 528,357 to Hayti 

 and Santo Domingo, and lesser amounts to Per- 

 sia, East Africa, Mauritius, Algeria, Ecuador, 

 Tunis and Tripoli, Madagascar, Bulgaria, Siam, 

 Cochin China, Tonquin, and other countries. 



The imports of gold bullion and specie during 

 1891 were 30,275,420, against 23,568,049 in 

 1890 ; the exports, 24,228,425, against 14,306,- 

 688 : the imports of silver bullion and specie, 

 9,316,200, against 10.385,659; the exports, 

 13,114,589, against 10,863,384. 



The total imports of merchandise in 1891 were 

 435,691.279 in value. 



The imports of living animals for food were 

 valued at 9,246,398, against 11,216,333 in 

 1890 ; the imports of nondutiable articles of food 

 and drink, 148,510,208, against 136,422,110; 

 of dutiable articles of food and drink, 27,004,- 

 982, against 26,216,864; of tobacco, 3,415,400, 

 against 3,542,949; of metals, 23,040,124, 

 against 23,710,901 ; of raw materials for textile 

 manufactures. 89,215,655, against 85,239,289 ; 

 of chemicals, dye stuffs, and tanning materials, 

 7,314,337, against 8,190,389; of oils, 7,339,- 

 994, against 6,991,653; of raw materials for 

 various manufactures, 40,035,435, against 41,- 

 626,155; of manufactured articles, 65,082,129, 



against 63,218,167; of imports by parcel post, 

 561,069, against 503,209; of miscellaneous 

 articles, 14,935,548, against 14,007,676. The 

 exports of live animals in 1891 were valued at 

 672,337 ; of articles of food and drink, 10,687,- 

 139; of raw materials, 21,342,327; of textile 

 manufactures, 106,017,948 ; of metals and metal 

 manufactures, exclusive of machinery, 39,230,- 

 009 ; of machinery, 15,820,316; of apparel and 

 articles of personal use, 8,882,059 ; of all other 

 manufactured and partly manufactured articles, 

 32,193,728 ; of exports by parcel post, 1,095,- 

 463 ; of exports of foreign and colonial produce, 

 61 796,593 ; total exports of merchandise, 309,- 

 068,866. 



Exclusive of flour, Great Britain imported 

 13,262,592 quarters of wlieat in 1891, compared 

 with 12,094,836 in 1890, 12,752,800 in 1880, and 

 7,131,100 in 1872. The total imports of cereals and 

 flour in 1891 were 150,075,176 hundredweight ; 

 of rice, 6,200,820; of bacon and hams, 4,715.012; 

 of refined sugar, 11,322,121 ; of raw sugar, 16,217,- 



338; of butter, 2,135,607; of margarine, 1,235,- 

 430; of cheese, 2,041,317 ; of beef, 2,168.089; of 

 preserved meat, 776,961 ; of fresh mutton, 1,662,- 

 994 ; of tea, 240,333,327 pounds ; of cattle, 440,503 

 head; of sheep, 344,504; of spirits, 12,221,389 

 gallons; of wine, 16,782,038 gallons. Of the 

 wheat imported in 1891 the United States fur- 

 nished 4,838,991 quarters; Russia, 2,910,581 

 quarters ; India, 2,601,157 quarters ; Canada, 

 634,768 quarters; Chili, 423,975 quarters; Aus- 

 tralia, 417,134 quarters; Turkey, 301,989 quar- 

 ters; and Roumania, 217,666 quarters. Of the 

 flour, equivalent to 3,349,600 quarters of wheat, 

 the United States furnished 2,740,607 quarters. 

 Of the tea imports, 45 per cent, came from In- 

 dia, 33 per cent, from China, 19 per cent, from 

 Ceylon, and 2 per cent, from other countries. 



The values of some of the chief imports in 

 1891 were as follow : Grain and flour, 61,571,- 

 504; raw cotton, 46,080,719 ; wool, 27,856,556; 

 meat, 20,148,874; sugar, 19,855,750; butter 

 and margarine, 15,149,384; timber and wood, 

 14,829,571; silk manufactures, 11,017,157; 

 tea, 10,775,345; flax, hemp, and jute, 10,116,- 

 591 ; woolen manufactures, 9,275,179 ; live ani- 

 mals, 9,246,398 ; oils, 7,339,394 : chemicals and 

 dye stuffs, 7,314,337 ; seeds, 7,165,293; fruits, 

 6,910,305; leather, 6,632,442; wines, 5,995,- 

 133; cheese, 4,815,369; copper ore, 4,059,528; 

 eggs, 3,520,918; coffee, 3,442,736; tobacco, 

 3,415,400. Of the total value of the exports of 

 textile manufactures in 1891, 60,249,759 repre- 

 sent cotton fabrics and 12,189,945 cotton yarns, 

 18,451,931 woolen fabrics and 3,910,288 woolen 

 and worsted yarns, 5,031,666 linen manufac- 

 tures and 898,212 linen yarns, 2,552,170 jute 

 manufactures and 342,075 jute yarns, and 5,- 

 150,212 apparel and slops. The value of the iron 

 and steel exports was 26,874,784, of which 

 amount 7,172,256 stand for tin plate. 4,805,- 

 881 for cast and wrought iron, 3.560,476 for 

 hoops and plates, 3,844,925 for railroad iron, 

 2,322,224 for steel, and 2,209,609 for pig and 

 puddled iron. The export of chemicals was 8,- 

 882,059 in value; of copper, 3,851,129; of 

 hardware and cutlery, 2,525,542. 



Navigation. The number of vessels entered 

 from foreign ports in 1890 was 62,835, of which 

 24,058 were foreign, and the number cleared was 

 63,176, of which 24,327 were foreign. The total 

 tonnage of vessels engaged in foreign commerce 

 entered at British ports was 36,835,000 tons, of 

 which 26,777,000 tons were British and 10,057,- 

 000 tons foreign. The tonnage cleared was 37,- 

 448,000 tons, of which 27,195,000 tons were Brit- 

 ish and 10,253,000 tons foreign. The total ton- 

 nage entered and cleared was 74,283,000 tons, of 

 which 53,973,000 tons were British and 20,310,- 

 000 foreign. Of the foreign tonnage, 5,000,- 

 000 tons were Norwegian, 4.393.000 German, 

 1.900.000 Dutch. 1,854,000 Danish, 1,687,000 

 French, 1,576,000 Swedish, 1,276,000 Spanish, 

 873,000 Belgian, 551,000 Russian, 444,000 Italian. 

 292,000 American, and 118,000 Austrian. Of 

 the total tonnage entered and cleared in the 

 foreign trade, the share of London was 13,480,- 

 767 tons ; of Liverpool, 10.941,801 : of Cardiff, 

 8.815,210; of Newcastle, 5,481.458; of Hull, 

 3.653,134; of North and South Shields, 2,929,- 

 856 ; of Glasgow, 2.819.362 ; and of Newport, 

 2,236,990. Sunderland, Dover, Middlesborougb, 



