(iRKAT IW1TAIN AND IKKLANI). 



327 



The Andaman Islands, in the Bay of Bengal, 

 inhiiliited t>y a race of small degenerate savages, 

 -i limited ut from 2,(XK) to 10,000, are 

 L-; a [K'lial colony by the Indian Govern- 

 ment. The convict population in 1890 was 12,- 

 I'whom ::,'J(iit were self-supporting. The 

 .r Inlands, which lie to the south of the 

 A ii< la ma us, have an aboriginal Copulation of 

 {>,!H~>, and export cocoanuts, edible birds' nests, 

 tori 'MM- shell, ambergris, and trepang. The Lac- 

 mdive Islands, off the Malabar coast, attached 

 in part to the collectorate of South Kanara and 

 in part to Malabar, had a population in 1891 of 

 1 }. 1 10, all Mohammedans. The fiber coir is the 

 staple product. 



Mauritius, an island in the Indian Ocean, 500 

 inilfs east of Madagascar, has an area of 705 

 sijiiaro miles. The population in 1891 was 377,- 

 !)Mi, of whom 258,985 were Hindus, and 119,001 

 were Africans, Chinese, mixed races, and whites. 

 The Governor, Sir Charles Cameron Lees, who 

 was appointed in 1889, is assisted by an Executive 

 Council consisting of the military commander, 

 the Colonial Secretary, the Procureur-General, 

 the Receiver-General, the Auditor-General, and 

 2 elected members of the Council of Govern- 

 ment, which consists of the Governor, 8 official, 

 9 appointed, and 10 elected members. The reve- 

 nue of the colony in 1890 was 7,774,774 rupees, 

 and the expenditure 7,705,311. The imports in 

 1899 amounted to 16,375,377 rupees, the exports 

 to 2G,9G2,930 rupees. Unrefined sugar is the 

 staple article of export, 23,630,809 rupees having 

 been exported in 1890, and rum, vanilla, cocoa- 

 nut oil, and aloe fiber are the principal other 

 items. On April 29, 1892, a hurricane devas- 

 tated the island. The loss of life was 1,230, and 

 the number of wounded 3,167. About 1,453 

 buildings in St. Louis and 16,976 throughout 

 the island were destroyed or damaged. The 

 barometer fell in the course of an hour to 27*95, 

 and t he highest volocity of the wind was esti- 

 mated at 120 miles an hour. All the vessels in 

 the harbor were damaged, and many were driven 

 ashore. Seychelles, Rodrigues, Diego Garcia, and 

 other islands are dependencies of Mauritius. 

 Cocoanut oil is the principal export. 



St. Helena, in the South Atlantic, has an area 

 of 47 square miles. The population in 1891 was 

 4,116. It is largely used as a recruiting station, 

 and is the headquarters of a fleet of American 

 whalers, the produce of which amounted to 

 13.433 in 1890. 



Ascension, 750 miles northwest of St. Helena, 

 has an area of 35 square miles, and a population 

 of about 360. 



The Falkland Islands, near the southern ex- 

 tremity of South America, have an area of 6,000 

 square miles. The population in 1891 was 1,789. 

 In 1890 the revenue was 9,492, the expenditure 

 9,389, the imports 67,182, and the exports 

 115,865. The value of the wool exported in 

 1890 was 102,460. 



The Bermudas are a group of small islands, 

 860 in number, of which 18 or 20 are inhabited, 

 680 miles east of North Carolina. The popula- 

 tion in 1891 was 15,013, of whom 5.690 were 

 white and !>,:!'23 colored. The white immigra- 

 tion exceeded the emigration by about 100 dur- 

 ing the past ten years, due mainly to the immi- 

 gration of Portuguese from the Azores and Ma- 



deiras, while tliere was a loss of about 840 in tin- 

 colored population by emigration. The value of 

 t he imports in 1891 was 825,976, an increase of 

 17,960 over 1890. The exports, consisting 

 mostly of potatoes, onions, and lily bulbs, 

 shipped to New York during the months of 

 April and May amounted to 129,803, a de- 

 crease of 7,723 compared with 1890, owing to a 

 fall in the price of onions. Small quantities of 

 arrowroot, tomatoes, cut flowers, and beets are 

 also exported. Lieut.-Gen. E. Newdigate-New- 

 digate is Governor. He is assisted by an Execu- 

 tive Council of 6 and by a Legislative Council of 

 9 members, and by a Representative House of 

 Assembly of 36 members. 



British Honduras, with an area of 7,560 square 

 miles, had a population in 1891 of 31,471, of whom 

 16,268 were males and 15,203 females. The reve- 

 nue in 1890 was 5 1,204, and the expenditure 45,- 

 249. The imports for the same period were 282,- 

 045, and the exports 287,690, consisting chiefly 

 of 5,500,000 cubic feet of mahogany, logwood, 

 fruit, and sugar. The colonists now have a ma- 

 jority of unofficial persons in the Legislative 

 Council, which consists of 5 official and 6 un- 

 official members. 



British Guiana, with an area of 109,000 square 

 miles, had a population in 1891 of 284,887. 



The West African colonies are the Gold Coast, 

 Gambia, Sierra Leone, and Lagos. The Gold 

 Coast proper has an estimated area of 15,000 

 square miles; including the protectorate, 46,600 

 square miles, with a population of about 1,905.- 

 000. The revenue m 1890 was 156,449, the 

 expenditure 117,899. The exports in 1890 were 

 601,348 in value, the imports 562,102. Palm 

 oil and palm kernels are the principal products. 

 Gambia has an area of 2,700 square miles, and a 

 population of 50,000. The settlement proper 

 nad a population in 1891 of 14,266, of whom 64 

 were whites, 5,300 Mohammedans, and 2,385 

 Christians. The revenue in 1890 was 30,573, 

 and the expenditure 22,758. The exports 

 amounted to 163,374, and the imports to 149,- 

 548 in 1890. A naval brigade of 4 war vessels 

 was sent up the Gambia in January, 1892, against 

 a chief, Fodi Kabba, who had been engaged in 

 marauding expeditions against his neighbors 

 and threatened the town of Bathurst itself. The 

 expedition landed about 280 miles, up the river 

 in the neighborhood of Macarthev island, and 

 made a nignt attack on the chief at 'Marige. The 

 town was destroyed, but he escaped. In April 

 another expedition landed at the head of San- 

 kria creek and marched against Toniataba, which 

 was captured after a spirited defense. Capt, 

 Roberts, of the First West India Regiment, was 

 killed, and the enemy's loss was heavy. Sierra 

 Leone has an area of 15,000 square miles, and a 

 population of 180,000. The area of Sierra Leone 

 proper is 400 square miles. The population in 

 1890 was 75,000, including 270 whites. The 

 revenue in 1890 was 73,708, the expenditure 

 63,056. The exports were valued at 349.319, 

 and the imports at 389,308 in 1890. In Man-h, 

 1892, a punitive expedition was sent against tin- 

 native chief Carimos for an attack on Maior 

 Moore's party in May, 1891. Tambi, a stockaded 

 town about 100 miles inland, was assailed, but 

 the British force was compelled to fall back. 

 Lagos, an island on the Slave Coast, has an area, 



