

480 



NATIONAL ACADEMY OP SCIENCES. 



tan ordered an array to proceed to Tangier and 

 protect that city from the attacks of the Anghe- 

 rites. A large force of imperial troops was soon 

 collected around Tangier, and Cid Abbas Jamai 

 was appointed chief of the expedition. On Aug. 

 7, 1892, an encounter took place. The Sultan's 

 troops, numbering about 1,500 men. advanced 

 into the territory of the Angherites. Alter set- 

 ting fire to a small village, they were attacked 

 by the enemy, and after a short combat were 

 obliged to retreat. The Moorish cavalry eventu- 

 ally reformed, and charging theirfoes were again 

 driven back. The Sultan's army retreated to 

 Tangier; their loss was saied to be about 30 

 men killed and wounded, and that of the in- 

 surgents 3 killed. After receiving re-enforce- 

 ments from among the Mesmoda tribes, the 

 Moorish troops again advanced to the scene of 

 the recent. fighting; but, not encountering the 

 insurgents, they contented themselves with plun- 

 dering the villages in their course, not being 

 at all particular as to whether the inhabitants 

 were friends or foes. Having received fui'ther 

 re-enforcements, the expedition set out from 



Tangier on Aug. 29, and, traversing the country 

 of the Angherites without meeting the enemy, 

 set fire to several villages. Suddenly, when 

 about 8 miles east of Tangier, they encountered 

 the main body of the insurgents. Some sharp 

 fighting ensued, which ended in the retreat of 

 the imperial army. The losses of the Moors 

 were heavy, the number of killed being stated 

 as amounting to 260; while only a compara- 

 tively small number of the insurgents were 

 killed. The insurgents captured 54 cavalry and 

 17 infantry soldiers, among them a kaid of the 

 imperial cavalry. H'mam, the chief of the in- 

 surgents, offered to give up his prisoners if the 9 

 Anghera captives were also released, which was 

 accordingly done. The Sultan, seeing that the 

 submission of the tribe could only be effected by 

 great bloodshed, considered it wiser to resort to 

 negotiations, which finally resulted in the dis- 

 missal of the obnoxious Governor and the ap- 

 pointment of Ould Kauja, a native of Anghera 

 and son of a former governor of that district. 

 Full pardon being granted to the insurgent 

 tribes, the war was proclaimed at an end. 



NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 



Officers : President, Othniel C. Marsh ; Vice-Pres- 

 ident, Francis A. Walker; Foreign Secretary, 

 Wolcott Gibbs ; Home Secretary, Asaph Hall ; 

 Treasurer, John S. Billings. Two meetings were 

 held during 1892. The first or stated meeting was 

 held in Washington on April 19-22, when the 

 following papers were read : " The Astronomical, 

 Geodetic, and Electric Consequences of Tidal 

 Strains within an Elastic Terrestrial Spheroid " 

 and " On Atmospheric Radiation of Heat in 

 Meteorology." by Cleveland Abbe ; " On the Laws 

 of the Variation of Latitude" and "On the 

 Causes of Variations of Period in the Variable 

 Stars," by Seth C. Chandler ; " On the Homol- 

 ogies of the Cranial Arches of the Reptilia " and 

 " On the Osteology of the Genus Anniella," by 

 Edward D. Cope; "An American Maar," by 

 Grove K. Gilbert ; " The Partition of the North 

 American Realm," by Theodore Gill ; " Exhibi- 

 tion of Chladni's Acoustic Figures transferred 

 to Paper without Distortion " and " On the 

 Acoustic Properties of Aluminum, with Experi- 

 mental Illustrations," by Alfred M. Mayer ; " On 

 the Force of Gravity at Washington " and " On 

 the Recent Variations of Latitude at Washing- 

 ton," by Thomas C. Mendenhall ; " Asiatic In- 

 fluences in Europe," by Edward S. Morse; "On 

 the Anatomy and Systematic Position of the 

 Mecoptera," by Alpheus S. Packard ; " A Defini- 

 tion of Institutions," by John W. Powell ; " Ex- 

 hibition of Teeth of a Gigantic Bear, probably 

 an Extinct Species, found in Ancient Mounds in 

 Ohio," by Frederick W. Putnam ; " Abstract of 

 Results from the United States Coast and Geo- 

 detic Survey Magnetic Observatory at Los 

 Angeles, Gal., 1882-'89, Part III, Differential 

 Measures of the Horizontal Component of the 

 Magnetic Force," by Charles A. Schott; "A 

 Means of measuring the Difference between the 

 Tidal Change in the direction of the Plumb 



Line and the Tidal Deflection of the Earth's 

 Crust," a posthumous paper by J. Homer Lane, 

 also read by Cleveland Abbe, who likewise read 

 a biographical memoir of J. Homer Lane and 

 William Ferrel. The following papers were 

 by nonmembers : " On, the Deflecting Forces 

 that produce the Diurnal Variation of the Nor- 

 mal Terrestrial Magnetic Field," by Frank H. 

 Bigelow, introduced by Cleveland Abbe ; " Dis- 

 ruption of the Silver Haloid Molecule by Mechan- 

 ical Force," M. Carey Lea, introduced by George 

 F. Barker ; " On Electrical Discharges through 

 Poor Vacua, and on Coronoidal Discharges," by 

 Michael I. Pupin, introduced by Thomas C. 

 Mendenhall ; and " The Form and Efficiency of 

 the Iced Bar Base Apparatus of the United 

 States Coast and Geodetic Survey," by Robert S. 

 Woodward, introduced by Thomas C. Menden- 

 hall. At the meeting held on April 21 the fol- 

 lowing new members were elected : Carl Barns, 

 physicist, connected with the United States 

 Geological Survey ; Samuel Franklin Emmons, 

 geologist, also a member of the United States 

 Geological Survey : and Matthew Carey Lea, 

 chemist, of Philadelphia, whose researches on 

 the salts of silver have become famous. At the 

 same time the Academy elected the following 

 four foreign associates": Prof. Hugo Gylden, 

 Upsala. Sweden ; Prof. Carl Weierstross, Berlin, 

 Germany; Prof. August Kekule, Bonn, Germany ; 

 and Prof. E. Du Bois-Reymond, Berlin. Germany. 

 An important event connected with this meeting 

 was the acceptance by the Academy of $2.650, a 

 fund collected by the chemists of this country 

 and presented to' Wolcott Gibbs on Feb. 21 the 

 anniversary of his seventieth birthday for the 

 encouragement of chemical research, to be known 

 by his name. In acknowledging the gift Dr. 

 Gibbs wrote : " I therefore propose that the 

 fund raised for endowment shall be given to the 

 National Academy of Sciences, to hold the same 



