Olirn AKIKS, AMKIIHJAN. (Ix>NGXKLI/>W Ix>VKRINU.) 



557 



Longfellow, Samnel, clergyman, born in Portland, 

 Me., .run.- 1\ IM'.t; died there, Oct. 8, 1892. Ho was 

 graduated at Harvard University in 1839, and ut tin; 

 Howard Divinity School in 184(5. After two years 



in travel lite became Castor of a Unitarian 



M in Fall Uiver, Mans., in 1848. He rcsiirm-d 

 this eliaix'i' in lsr>3 to accept a cull to a Unitarian 

 church in I'.rooklyn, N. Y., where lie remained until 

 1860. lie then traveled extensively in Europe, mak- 

 ing hia homo in Cambridge, Mass., on his return. In 

 I.ecame pastor of tint Unitarian church in 



!itii\\ii, I 'a., resigning this place in 1882, and 

 i. nee 1 1 H .re returniiii,' to Cambridge and living in 

 Craigie House after the death of his brother Henry. 

 The last ten years of his life were spent in partial re- 

 tirement, tlmuirli he preaelied occasionally, appeared 



tal Lrat he rings now and then, took a keen in- 

 terest in all reforms, and in the summer of 1888 passed 

 some months in Kurope. Although he was an ad- 



I religious tliinker, he was not aggressive, and 

 never antagonized those who di lie red with him. He 

 took great pleasure in the company of younger authors, 

 and of young men in general, and in return was much 

 beloved by them. His manner was so gentle and his 

 temperament so sweet and equable, that the real force 

 of his character was not always apprehended by 

 chance acquaintances. His health had long been 

 delicate, and toward the end of summer he was taken 

 ill, and, though he rallied occasionally, failed steadily 

 till the end. His death was as calm and peaceful as 

 hi> life had always been. lie was the author of a num- 

 he.r of essays published in " The Radical," and of 

 many very beautiful hymns. His published works in- 

 dud.-: "A Book of Hymns," with Samuel Johnson 

 (1846); revised edition, u Hymns of the Spirit 1 ' 

 (1864) ; " A Book of Hymns and Tunca for Congrega- 

 tional Use" (1859); a small volume for use at nis 

 vesper service; " Tha]a_tta: a Book for the Seaside," 

 with Thomas W. Higginson; a collection of poetry, 

 partly original (1853) ; " The Life of Henry Wads- 

 worth Longfellow." (2 vols., 1886); "Final Me- 

 morials of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow" (1887). 

 A small volume of his poems was printed for private 

 circulation a year or two later. 



Lothrop, Daniel, publisher, born in Rochester, N. H., 

 Aug. 11, ls:il ; died in Boston, Mass., March 19, 1892. 

 When fourteen ^years old he took charge of his broth- 

 er's drug store in Newmarket, N. II., and three years 

 afterward lie established himself in the same business. 

 Subsequently he established another drug store at 

 Meredith Bridge, and formed a partnership with his 

 two brothers, which was continued for forty years. 

 In 1850 he purchased the stock of a book store in 

 Dover, N. if. ; enlarged the business, built up a job- 

 bing trade, and made a few ventures in publishing. 

 W hile supervising these interests he made a trip to St. 

 Peter, Minn., where he opened another drug store, and 

 suliM-quently established there a banking house. Ho 

 was a heavy loser during the financial panic of 1857 

 by the failure of other business houses and the trans- 

 fer of the State capital to St. Paul ; but he paid his 

 debts in full, and then returned to his book store in 

 Dover. In 1868 he established himself in Boston as 

 a publisher. His first venture was a Sunday-school 

 book entitled " Andy Luttrell," which proved suc- 

 cessful. Later he published the periodicals "Wide 

 Awake," " Babyland," "The Pansy," "Our Little 

 Men and Women," and " Chautauqua Young Folks' 

 .lournal." In the great firo in Boston, in 1872, he 

 sustained heavy losses and costly business delays, 

 and after relocating himself met with reverses from a 

 similar cause. After this he went to the Riverside 



where his well-known $l,000-prize books were 

 printed. In 1S75 he moved from Cornhill to larger 

 quarters at Franklin and Hawley Streets. In 1879 ne 

 took a younger brother into partnership, and in 1890 

 they opened a Imsincss h<m-<e in Washington Street. 



Levering, Joseph, physicist, born in Charlestown, 

 nca- I'.oston. Mass., Dec. 25,1813; died in Cambridge. 

 Mass., Jan. 18, 1892. He was graduated at Harvard 

 in 1830. For a year after graduation he taught in 



CharlcHtowri, and then -.pent two yean* in the Harvard 



Divinity School. An early fondue.-..-, lor mathematics 

 led to his panning studies in that science during hut 

 leisure, and in !*::; In- heeainc tutor in mathematics 

 and physics, and two years later .-u. . -di ! {/> the 



Hollis chair of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy, 

 which he then held continuously until 1888, when he 

 retired, and was made professor emeritus. Prof. Lov- 

 ering was the first member of the faculty at Harvard 

 to serve his alma mater for fifty years, and the second 

 in the length of his service to the university. He was 

 in 1853-'54 recent of Harvard, and subsequently held 

 that office until 1870; also in 1884 he became director 

 of the Jefferson Physical Labratory, which place he 

 held until 1888. He contributed largely to the devel- 

 opment of the Harvard Astronomical Observatory, 

 and was associated with Prof. William C. Bond in 

 1840 in the first astronomical work made in the Dana 

 House. The aid of the United States was sought by 

 the Royal Society of London in making simultaneous 

 observations in terrestrial magnetism in Great Britain 

 and the colonies, Cambridge was chosen as one of the 

 American stations, and the observations were made 

 under the direction of Profs. Bond and Lovering. He 

 was also associated with Benjamin Peirce in the pub- 

 lication of the "Cambridge Miscellany of Mathe- 

 matics and Physics," to which he contributed " The 

 Internal Equilibrium of Bodies," " The Application 

 of Mathematical Analysis to Physical Research," 

 "The Divisibility of Matter," and similar papers. 

 Later, in 1867, when Prof. Peirce became Superin- 

 tendent of the United States Coast and Geodetic Sur- 

 vey, he intrusted the computations for determining 

 transatlantic longitudes from telegraphic observa- 

 tions on cable lines to Prof. Lovcrinir, who continued 

 in charge of this work until 1876. He gave 9 courses, 

 each of 12 lectures, on astronomy and physics be- 

 fore the Lowell Institute in Boston. He delivered 

 shorter courses of lectures at the Smithsonian In- 

 stitution in Washington, D. C., at the Peabody In- 

 stitute in Baltimore. Md., and at the Charitable Me- 

 chanics' Institution of Boston, as well as occasional 

 lectures elsewhere in New England. In 1839 he was 

 elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sci- 

 ences, of which ho was corresponding secretary in 

 1869-'73, vice-nrcsident in 1873-'80. and president in 

 1880-'88. He became a member of the American As- 

 sociation for the Advancement of Science in 1849, and 

 from 1854 till 1873 was its permanent secretary, edit- 

 ing 15 volumes of its proceedings. These services* 

 were requited by his election to its presidency, and 

 in 1874 he delivered a retiring address, in which he 

 reviewed the progress and development of the phys- 



