, KOKKKJN. (SAIMT-BOH SUTHULAXD.) 



608 



that tin- victories of the tii>t republic were 



iiiiiinly achic\e.l i.\ .-.oidiers trained under the moo 

 urchy. lie wrote also a history of the Crimean \Vur. 



HN principal work was his last, an elaborate history 

 of tin 1 French coin|uests iii Algeria. 



Saint-Bon, Faooret de, an Italian naval otli.-er, died in 

 Koine. Nov. -J(i, Is'.ili. In Istiil In- had charge of the 

 Formi. labile." In the attaek on the works of Lissa. 

 on .July l;i, he led the way Up the ehalillel, steamed 

 up to within ."00 yards of the lotteries, and then Mern 



en with anchor down, till the vessel was able to cu- 



tilade them. Suddenly deserted by her consorts, the 

 Formidable'' was buclly battered before she could 

 tret out to sea aifain. and diiriiiir the action .~>i> of her 

 HMD were killed. Admiral Saint-lion in after years 

 performed important serviees a> a naval adminis- 

 trator, tirst as ['resident, of the Comieil of .Marine, 

 then as eomniander in-ehief at Naples, und for the 

 last two \cars ot' his lit',. a> ehief of the Admiralty. 

 He was a Senator, and at one time Minister of Marine. 



Saint-Denis, Marquis Hervey de, a Fivneh sinologist, 

 liorn in I'aris, in ls-j:;;died there in November, 

 is;*::, lie studied Oriental laBguages, ftadfl himself 

 a master of Chinese, and published translations of 

 Chinese tales, poems, and history, and works on the 

 airriculture. poetry, and historical records of China. 



Scnmitz, Isidore Pierre, a Freneh soldier. Uorii in 

 Neuilly-sur-Manie, July -21, ls-jo; died in I'aris. Feb. 

 ;;. IV:;. He entered the school of St. Cyr at the a^e 

 of eighteen; was commissioned as lieutenant in 1M.~> 

 while serving with the army in Africa, became a 

 captain in 1847, returned to France in isi'.i. was 

 aid -de camp to Gen. Forev at Strasburg and in the 

 Crimea, and distinguished himself at Sevastopol. In 

 1 s.v.i he foujrht in the Italian campaign, and was 

 promoted colonel in 18(50. In the war with China he 

 planted the French Hag on the parapet at Eangho. 

 lie became a general of brigade in 1868. In the 

 Franco-Prussian War he acted as chief of staff to Gen. 

 Troehu at I'aris. lie was promoted general of divi- 

 sion in 1875, and in 1880 was decorated with the 

 if rand cross of the Legion of Honor, having served 

 in 1-4 campaigns. 



Sidel-Hadj'-Abd-es-Salaam, Sherif of Wuzzan-Mulai, 

 died in '1 angler, in September, 1892. He was a 

 cousin of the rciirniii'_r Sultan of Morocco, and the 

 chief of the religious brotherhoods of the Tail n a or 

 Wa/./.ani, who are scattered throughout Morocco and 

 are numerous in Algeria in the department of Oran. 

 The Sherif had a powerful influence over the Moors 

 and Arabs on account of his reputed sanctity, and 

 was likely to succeed to the throne of Morocco. 

 Though his tirst wife was an Englishwoman, he \\as 

 more friendly to the French. 



Siemens, Werner von. a German electrical engineer, 

 born at Louthe, in Hanover, in 1816; died at Berlin. 

 I>cc. r,. I.V.IL'. He entered the Prussian Artillery as a 

 volunteer in ls:54, but soon left the service, and some 

 later joined lii.s younger brother, the late Sir 

 Carl Wilhelm Werner, iii Kngland, where the two 

 were a-~o,-iateil in various undertakings under the 

 name of "Siemens Ill-others.'' His lite, however, was 

 passed mainly in Prussia, where, under governmental 

 encouragement, h- invented met ho. Is of .fold and 

 silver platinif, and devoted much attention to the de- 

 velopment of clectrie telcift-aphv. The teleifrapli line 

 between Berlin and Frankfort -on-Main, the tirst great 

 Continental line, was established by him in 1*49. Six 

 Atlantic cables, a^ well as other submarine s\ stems, 

 were laid Ivy the Sieincii.- Mi-others. Dr. Werner Sie- 

 mens invented the pneumatic-tube system and a 

 number of important improvements in'dynamo- f,, r 

 electric lighting, and was an honorary member of most 

 of the F.uropeail electrical and scientific soci, < 



Slgnol, Emile, a French painter, l>rn about 1810; 

 died in I'aris. Oct. 17, 1892. He obtained the /.//> ,/, 

 Rome in ISM, a second medal in Is:;.',, and a tirst- 

 class medal in the following year. Ills Femmc 

 A.liilt.'Tc '' was the most remarked of any painting ex- 

 hibited in isii'. and was purchased for the Luxem- 

 bourg. In that year he was employed in the decora 



tion of the Madeleine, ami siib.-e.uaeiitly he worked in 

 other churches of Para. In the I divers*] Kxhibition 

 oflSfiffhehada larL'e number of painting. Then 

 wan a conflict over his election in IMIO to ti 

 demie des I'.caux Arts. IN- was made an '.'. 

 the Li-ifion of Jioiior in 1865. 



Simeoni, Giovanni, an Italian e.-.-le-ia-tie, lrn in 

 I'aliano, July 88,1810; died in Kome, .Ian. 1-1, ls'.'-j. 

 lie was distinguished for intellectual ability and 

 knowledge as a young priest, and was appointed 

 auditor of the Nunciature of Madrid in 1M7, then 

 prefect of studies in the Pontifical Lyceum of the 

 seminary at Koine, and in ls,"7 wa> made domestic 

 chaplain of the Pope and sent on a mi.-sion to Spain. 

 Ho was secretary to the Congregation ot' the Propa- 

 ganda for the affairs of the Oriental rite for ei^ht 

 years, and in 18*58 became secretary for the Latin rite. 

 In 187- r ) lie went to Spain as nuncio after beinir 

 created Archbishop of Cnalcedonia. On March Ux.f 

 the same year he was raised to the cardinalatc. Pope 

 Pius IX made him hi> Secretary of State in IsT'i. and 

 in March. ls7S, when he was succeeded in that otliee 

 by Cardinal Franchi on the accession of Leo XIII. he 

 was made Prefect of the Propaganda. As Pontifical 

 Secretary of State he was the foremost advocate of 

 the claims of the Vatican to the restoration of the 

 temporal power in Italy, and the upholder of the 

 clergy in their struggles against the civil government 

 in France and other countries. As Prefect of the 

 Propaganda he was responsible for the circular to the 

 bishops in Ireland, which was generally interpreted 

 as prohibiting the priests from contributing or raising 

 money for the Irish party. 



Solntseff, Fedor Gregorivich, a Russian artist, born in 

 1800; died in St. Petersbur-r, March 20, 1892. He 

 b.-iraii his artistic career in 1 ^.">. and gave much atten- 

 tion to the early art and archaeology of his own coun- 

 try. The great work entitled " Antiquites de 1'Etat 

 Russe," published by order of the Czar Nicholas, was 

 prepared by him. 1'le made the designs after which 

 the Kremlin was restored, and was the discoverer of 

 the ancient frescoes in the Church of St. Sofia at Kiert' 

 and the mural paintings of Kievo-IYtchcrsky. 



Stephen, James Kenneth, an English poet, born in 

 1860 ; died in London, Feb. 2, 1892. He was educated 

 at Eton and Kinirs College, Cambridge, where his 

 career was very brilliant. He became a fellow of his 

 college, and acted for a time as tutor to Prince Albert 

 Victor. Going to London, he started a paper called 

 the " Reflector,'' which was a failure, altnough he 

 filled it with clever and original satirical articles. 

 His two books of humorous poems Lapsus Calami " 

 and Of". Musa, tendis ?" had more success. 



Stevens, Joseph, a Belgian painter, born in Brussels, 

 in is] it; died in Ixelles, Aug. 3, 1892. He was the 

 elder brother of Alfred Stevens, and in his special 

 branch, which was the painting of animals, he was 

 almost his emial in technique and as a colorist and a 

 true descendant of the Flemish masters. By not 

 only studying the anatomy and expressive move- 

 ments and attitudes of animals, especially dogs, but 

 the principles of composition and liirht and shade, he 

 lifted animal painting to the level of real art. Amoni.' 

 his numerous works some of the best known are 

 " Bruxelles le Matin," " Uu Metier de Chien," " La 

 Lice et sa Compairne," and " Vielle Lice.'' 



Sutherland, George Granville Leveson Gower, a Scotch 

 nobleman, born in ]s-js : died in Dunrobin castle. 

 Sept. -J'_'. is'.i-j. [I,, owned nearly 1,000,000 acres in 

 Sutherland County, and had estates in Cromartie and 

 in Staffordshire, England, and was interested in 

 Kntrlish and Scottish railroads, in the Sue/. Canal, and 

 other financial enterprises. He was the eldest son of 

 the second duke and a daughter of the Karl of Carlisle. 

 and succeeded to the title and estates in 1S01. He 

 was ..ne of the most liberal and enterprising of land 



owners, spending great sums on the improvement of 



his estates in the north of Scotland and on the rec- 

 lamation of waste lands, the building of Highland 

 railroads, and the development of coal mines and the 

 establishment of brick works, steam saw mills, and 



