SANTO DOMINGO. 



SERV1A. 



numbers 4,000 men, and in case of need the mili- 

 tia, 15,000 men, may be called out. 



Commerce. The imports in 1890 amounted 

 to $2,401,000, against $2,886,050 in 1889; the 

 exports to $7,579,000 and $5,673,786 respect- 

 ively. The imports from Great Britain amounted 

 in 1889 to $957,359; from France, $312.295; 

 from Germany, $328,650. Of the exports, $940,- 

 154 went to Great Britain, $1,027,980 to Ger- 

 many, $1,158,806 to France. The trade with 

 the United States has been steadily increasing, 

 the imports in 1892 amounting to $1,294,268, 

 against $1,150,460 in 1891 and $899,546 in 1890 ; 

 the exports amounting to $2,330,702, $1,783,066, 

 and $1,453,958 respectively for the three years. 

 Of the total exports to the United States in 1892. 

 merchandise to the value of $2,330,697 entered 

 free of duty. The reciprocity treaty with the 

 United States went into effect on Feb. 1, 1892. 



SANTO DOMINGO, a republic occupying 

 about two thirds of the island of Hayti. The 

 Constitution dates from Nov. 24, 1844, and was 

 last modified on Nov. 17, 1888. The legislative 

 power vests in a Congress of 22 members, elect- 

 ed, 2 for each province, for four years by the in- 

 direct vote of the people. The executive is vested 

 in a President, elected for the term of four years. 

 The present incumbent of the presidential chair 

 is Ulises Heureaux, elected in 1886. The min- 

 istry is composed of the following members : 

 Minister of the Interior and Police, Gen. W. Fi- 

 guereo ; Minister of Foreign Affairs, Gen. J. Gon- 

 zalez ; Minister of War and Marine, Gen. F. Lith- 

 foro ; Minister of Finance and Commerce, Gen. 

 . F. Sanchez ; Minister of Justice and Public 

 Instruction, G. Perez; Minister of Public Works, 

 Gen. A. Wos y Gil. 



The area of the republic is 18,045 square miles, 

 and the population was estimated in 1888 at 417,- 

 000 inhabitants. Santo Domingo, the capital 

 city, has a population of about 25,000, and Puerto 

 Plato, the principal seaport, has a population of 

 15,000. (For finances, see " Annual Cyclopaedia " 

 for 1891.) 



Commerce. The principal cultivated prod- 

 ucts are tobacco, coffee, cacao, cotton, and sugar, 

 while the exports consist chiefly of coffee, fustic, 

 tobacco, sugar, cacao, logwood, lignum vitas, and 

 mahogany. The total imports through the port 

 of Santo "Domingo in 1890 amounted to $1,123,- 

 947, while those of 1891 amounted to $1,086,501. 

 The exports for the same years were $922,471 

 and $638.497 respectively. The chief exports 

 from Puerto Plata in 1890 were: Tobacco, 4,714,- 

 704 pounds, valued at $358,296 ; coffee, 896,216 

 pounds, valued at $179,216 ; mahogany, 841,625 

 feet, valued at $120,571 ; cacao, 255,251 pounds, 

 valued at $51,050 ; logwood, 718 tons, valued at 

 $7,180 ; sugar, 895,540 pounds, valued at $26,- 

 866 ; and hides and skins of the value of $38,- 

 985. The United States custom reports gives 

 the value of exports from the United States to 

 Santo Domingo for 1891 as amounting to $1,- 

 023,751, and for 1892 as $1,019,450. "The im- 

 ports into the United States from Santo Domin- 

 go amounted in 1891 to $1,610,360, of which 

 merchandise to the value of $1,009,690 was 

 free of duty, while $600,670 was dutiable ; for 

 1892 the total was $2,293,748, of which $2,279,- 

 267 worth was free and $14,481 dutiable. The 

 number of vessels entered and cleared in 1891 

 was 175, of 104,342 tons. 



SERVIA, a monarchy in southeastern Eu- 

 rope. By the treaty of Berlin, July 13, 1878, 

 Servia obtained its independence, and it was pro- 

 claimed a kingdom on March 6, 1882. The Con- 

 stitution, dated June 11, 1869, was modified on 

 Jan. 3, 1889. The executive is vested in the King, 

 and is exercised by a Council of Ministers, who 

 are individually and collectively responsible to 

 the National Assembly, or Skupshtina. On March 

 6, 1889, King Milan abdicated in favor of his 

 son, and established a regency until the latter 

 should become of age. It consists of 3 members, 

 and was composed in the beginning of 1892 of 

 J. Ristich, Gen. J. Belimarkovich, and Gen. K. 

 S. Protich. The Skupshtina meets annually, and 

 is composed of 134 members, elected indirectly 

 by the people by scrutin de liste. Each county 

 is entitled to one Deputy to every 4,500 taxpay- 

 ing males ; when the surplus is more than 3.000 

 taxpayers, they are at liberty to elect an addi- 

 tional one. The State Council consists of 16 

 members, of which 8 are chosen by the Skupsh- 

 tina and 8 are nominated by the King. The 

 Great Skupshtina is called when important busi- 

 ness of the state requires it; it has double the 

 number of the Deputies elected for the ordinary 

 Skupshtina. The ministry at the beginning o'f 

 1892 was composed of the following members: 

 Premier and Minister of Finance ad interim, N. 

 Pachich ; Minister of Public Works, P. Velimi- 

 rovich ; Minister of Justice, G. Guerchich ; Min- 

 ister of Agriculture and Commerce, K. Taucha- 

 novich ; Minister of Foreign Affairs, M. K. 

 Gjorgjevich; Minister of the Interior, J. Djaia; 

 Minister of Public Instruction and Worship. A. 

 Nikolich ; Minister of War, Col. Z. D. Praport- 

 chetovich. 



Area and Population. The area of the 

 kingdom is 18,855 square miles. The popula- 

 tion, according to the census of Jan. 1, 1891, is 

 2,162,759, of whom 1,110,731 are males and 

 1,052,028 females. Of the total population, 26-30 

 per cent, of those living in towns and 97'20 per 

 cent, of the country population are dependent 

 on agriculture. In 1884. 1,693,373 of the popu- 

 lation were Servians, 149,727 Roumanians, 34,- 

 066 gypsies, 2,961 Armenians and Turks, 4,127 

 Jews, 6,749 Bulgarians, and 10,733 other foreign- 

 ers. The principal towns are Belgrade, the capi- 

 tal, with 54.458 inhabitants ; Nisch, with a popu- 

 lation of 19,970; Leskovatz, with 12,146 inhabit- 

 ants ; Pozarevatz, with 11,140 ; and Pirot, with 

 10,108. 



Finances. The chief revenue is derived from 

 direct taxes on real estate and incomes and from 

 the Government monopolies. The total revenue 

 for 1892 was estimated in the budget at 60,135,- 

 839 dinars or francs, and the expenditures at 

 60,110,595 dinars. Of the total revenue, 22,186,- 

 469 dinars are derived from direct taxes, 12,426,- 

 000 dinars from monopolies, 3,700,000 dinars 

 from customs, 3,000,000 dinars from excise, 

 3,230,000 dinars from domains, posts, and tele- 

 graphs, 6,000,000 dinars from state railroads, 

 2.395,000 dinars from judicial fees, 623,370 dinars 

 from state mortgage banks, and 6,575,000 dinars 

 from various sources. Of the total expenditures, 

 20,466,188 dinars are for the public debt, 1,200,- 

 000 dinars for the civil list, 150,000 dinars for 

 the Skupshtina, 187,910 dinars for the Council 

 of State, 280,782 dinars for general expenses, 





