SERVIA. 



695 



''i>r> dinars for pensions and dotations, 

 I?.!'-. 1 :;. :.::."> dinars for the Ministry of Justice, 



-IK) dinars for the Ministry of Public In- 

 struction and Worship, I,!!)-.'.."!!;:! dinars for tin; 

 Minir-try of Foreign Affairs, 2.083,720 dinars for 

 tin- Ministry of tin- Interior, 5,5(57.818 dinars for 

 tin- Ministry of Finance, 11.327.483 dinars for 

 the Ministry of War, 4,828,599 dinars for the 

 Ministry of Public Works, 3,252,502 dinars for 

 tin- Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce, and 

 l.'jon.ooo dinars for various purposes. The pub- 

 lic debt amounted on Jan. 1, 1892, to 328,739,- 

 x;<; dinars. Of this sum, 157,635,000 dinars 

 represent the loans for the construction of rail- 

 road.- : o.^J-^oii dinars the Russian loan ; 6,473,- 

 , r )(Ml dinars were raised for the purpose of in- 

 demnifying Turkish proprietors who emigrated; 

 (57. is< >..~>i to dinars represent the lottery loan ; 39.- 

 Os-j.r.oo dinars were raised in 1884; 38,653,500 

 dinars were raised in 1885; fora loan of 6,000,- 

 000 dinars the salt monopoly is pledged ; and 

 then- is a loan of 9,892,000 dinars for which the 

 tobacco monopoly is given as security. 



Commerce. The total imports in 1891 

 amounted to 42,806,000 dinars, of which 28,903,- 

 000 dinars came from Austria, 2,055,000 dinars 

 from Turkey, 1,190,000 dinars from Rouraania, 

 1,314,000 dinars from Russia, 1,798,000 dinars 

 from Germany, 548,000 dinars from Italy, 514,- 

 000 dinars from Switzerland, 4,323,000 dinars 

 from Great Britain, 1,447,000 dinars from Amer- 

 ica, and the remainder from Bosnia, Bulgaria, 

 Greece, France, and Belgium. The total exports 

 amounted to 52,480,000 dinars, of which 45,154,- 

 000 dinars went to Austria, 887,000 dinars to 

 Bulgaria, 1,800,000 dinars to Turkey, 1,538,000 

 dinars to Germany, 2,073,000 dinars to France, 

 325,000 dinars to America, and the balance to 

 Bosnia, Rnumania, Italy, Switzerland, and Great 

 Britain. The principal imports and their values 

 were : Fruits and agricultural produce. 974,000 

 dinars; colonial produce, 3,651,000 dinars; hides, 

 skins, and India rubber, 4,061,000 dinars; wool- 

 ens, 3,260,000 dinars; legumes, etc., 2,014,000 

 dinars : wooden goods, 2,244,000 dinars ; metals, 

 4.848,000 dinars ; pottery, glass, etc., 2,212,000 

 dinars; drugs and chemicals, 1,519,000 dinars; 

 machines and instruments, 1,339,000 dinars ; cot- 

 tons, etc., 8,589,000 dinars ; hardware, 1,895,000 

 dinars ; apparel, 3,674,000 dinars. Of the ex- 

 ports, fruits and agricultural produce were val- 

 ued at 25.104,000 dinars ; animals and animal 

 produce at 19,456,000 dinars ; leather, skins, etc., 

 '-.ViH 1,000 dinars; food and drink, 1,696,000 di- 

 nars; wood and wooden ware, 1,374,000 dinars. 



Communications. The total length of rail- 

 roads in 1891 was 540 kilometres. The telegraph 

 lines in the same year had a length of 2,978 

 kilometres, with a length of wire of 4,981 kilo- 

 metres. There were transmitted over the wires 

 617,071 messages, of which 496,398 were domes- 

 ii . ! 15,881 international, 17,866 were in transit, 

 and 6,926 were service dispatches. The receipts 

 were 334,214 francs, and the expenses 3so.<;io 

 francs. The post-office forwarded 5,688,000 let- 

 ters. 72,000 postal cards, 3,185,000 pieces of 

 printed matter, and 198,000 money letters, of the 

 declared value of 94,904,000 francs, in the inter- 

 nal service; 3,470,000 letters, 215,000 postal 

 canK l.o-.Vi.ooo pieces of printed matter, and 

 98,000 money letters of the declared value of 



57,498,000 francs, in the external sen-ice; and 

 530,000 letters, 17,000 postal cards, 204,000 pieces 

 of printed matter, ana 16,000 money letters of 

 the declared value of 11,201,000 francs, were ex- 

 pedited in the transit service. The receipts 

 were 898,395 francs, and the expenses 728,924. 



Politics. In the beginning of February, 

 1892, the Servian Government received a com- 

 munication from the Austrian Government, in 

 which the latter remonstrated against the har- 

 boring of Bulgarian refugees in Servian terri- 

 tory, whose object was the overthrow of the Bul- 

 garian Government. Servia had permitted these 

 refugees to carry on their schemes openly, and 

 had not tried to restrain them in any way. The 

 Austrian Government reminded the Servian 

 Government of the Treaty of Berlin, and fur- 

 thermore declared that it would hold Servia re- 

 sponsible for any disturbance of the peace in 

 Bulgaria. It was understood that the triple al- 

 liance was behind this demand, and Servia was 

 compelled to take measures against the refugees, 

 and actually expelled some and imprisoned oth- 

 ers. At a convention held by the Radicals 

 under the leadership of Ranko Taisich, this ac- 

 tion of the Radical ministry was strongly con- 

 demned, the Premier Pachich being accused ol 

 showing a marked degree of weakness in yield- 

 ing to the demands of the triple alliance; dis- 

 satisfaction was also expressed with the manner 

 in which the Government had suppressed the 

 freedom of the press since coming into office, 

 and a discussion in the Sku^shtina regarding 

 the banishment of Queen Natalie tended to 

 widen the breach in the Radical party. At a 

 meeting of the Radical Club the actions of the 

 Radical Government were repudiated, and after 

 a stormy debate Prime Minister Pachich de- 

 clared that he would resign, thus enabling the 

 Regents to form a Liberal Cabinet. He conse- 

 quently tendered the resignation of his Cabinet 

 on March 8, 1892. He was well aware, however, 

 that the Radicals still held a majority in the 

 Skupshtina, and that the Regents could not at 

 the time afford to experiment with an untried 

 premier; but he wanted to threaten the Radical 

 Club, that if they persisted in their attacks 

 against the ministry all their hard-earned ad- 

 vantages, together with the offices they held by 

 means of a Radical Government, would be lost 

 should the Liberals get into power. Pachich 

 had calculated correctly, for the Regents charged 

 him with a reconstruction of the Cabinet, and 

 after considerable difficulty he managed to form 

 a compromise Cabinet, which satisfied the Re- 

 gents as well as the Radical Club. It was com- 

 posed as follows: Premier and Minister of For- 

 eign Affairs, as well as Minister of Finance ad 

 intt -rim, Pachich; Minister of the Interior. Mi- 

 losavljewich ; Minister of Agriculture and Com- 

 merce, Duchmanich; Minister of \\'ar, CoL 

 Gjurich ; Minister of Justice, Gjorgjewich. 



The truce thus effected was not of long du- 

 ration. In June, Gen. Protich, one of the Re- 

 gents, died, thus leaving a vacancy which each 

 party desired having filled by one of its mem- 

 bers. The Regency was composed of members 

 of the old Liberal party, and naturally the latter 

 considered the post as belonging to them. The 

 lack of organization and the dissension in the 

 Radical party worked to the advantage of the 



