708 



SOUTH DAKOTA. 



SPAIN. 



A Prohibition ticket was nominated at Sioux 

 Falls on Sept. 14, but, owing to failure to comply 

 with the provisions of the Australian ballot law, 

 the names of the nominees did- not appear on the 

 official ballot. 



At the November election the entire Republi- 

 can ticket was elected, the vote for Governor 

 being : Sheldon, 33,414 ; Van Isdel, 22,524 ; 

 Couchman, 14,472. For Presidential electors 

 the vote was : Republican, 34,888 : Independent, 

 26,644; Democratic, 9,081. Members of the 

 State Legislature were elected at the same time 

 as follows : Senate Republicans, 33 ; Indepen- 

 dents, 6 ; Democrats, 3 ; House Republicans, 

 64 ; Independents, 14 ; Democrats, 6. 



An amendment to the State constitution, 

 reducing the mileage allowable to legislators to 

 five cents a mile, was submitted to the people at 

 this election and was approved by a vote of 

 39,634 in its favor and 11,236 in opposition. 



SPAIN, a monarchy in southern Europe. The 

 present Constitution was proclaimed June 30, 

 1876. The legislative power is vested in the 

 Cortes, consisting of the Senate and the Con- 

 gress. The Senate is composed of 100 life sen- 

 ators, nominated by the king ; 80 senators by 

 right of birth or office ; and 180 elected mem- 

 bers. The Congress consists of 432 Deputies, 

 chosen for 5 years by the electoral colleges, at 

 the rate of 1 deputy to every 50,000 inhabitants. 

 The executive power vests in the king. At 

 present the royal prerogative is exercised by the 

 Queen-mother, Maria Christina, who acts as 

 Regent for King Alfonso XIII., born May 17, 

 1886, until he reaches his legal majority at the 

 age of 16. The ministry, in the beginning of 

 1892, was composed of the following members : 

 Prime Minister, Antonio Canovas del Castillo ; 

 Minister of Foreign Affairs, the Duke of Tetuan ; 

 Minister of Finance. Juan de la Concha Casta- 

 fieda ; Minister of the Interior, A. Elduayen ; 

 Minister of Justice, F. CosGayon ; Minister of 

 Instruction, Commerce, and Agriculture, A. 

 Linares Rivas ; Minister of War, Gen. de Ascar- 

 raga ; Minister of Marine, Admiral F. Mon- 

 tigo ; Minister of the Colonies, F. Romero Rob- 

 ledo. 



Area and Population. The area of Spain, 

 including the Canary and Balearic Isles and 13 

 square miles on the northwest coast of Africa, is 

 197.670 square miles. The total population in 

 1887 was 17,550,246, of whom 8,607,242 were 

 males and 8,943,004 females. Of the total popu- 

 lation 17,516.049 were native-born Spaniards, 

 7,188 naturalized Spaniards, 18,480 French, 

 6,755 Portuguese, 5,719 English, 3,877 Italians, 

 1,826 Germans, and 5,738 belonged to other 

 nationalities. Of the principal cities, Madrid 

 had 470,283 inhabitants ; Barcelona, 272,481 ; 

 Valencia, 170,763 ; Sevilla, 143,182 ; Malaga, 

 134,016. 



Finance. The revenue was estimated, in the 

 budget for 1892-93, at 747,960,550 pesetas or 

 francs, of which 289,007,000 pesetas are derived 

 from direct taxes ; 291,112,000 pesetas from in- 

 direct taxes and customs, 126,150,000 pesetas 

 from stamps and regie enterprises, 29,221,550 

 pesetas from government property, and 12,470,- 

 000 pesetas were in the public treasury. The 

 expenditures were estimated at 741,206,994 

 pesetas, of which 9,000,000 pesetas are for the 



civil list ; 1,724,260 pesetas for legislative ex- 

 penses ; 290,966,415 pesetas for the public debt ; 

 2,023,205 pesetas for judicial expenses; 54,751,- 

 200 pesetas for indemnities and pensions ; 2,181,- 

 550 pesetas for the Presidency of the Council of 

 Ministers ; 4,975,237 pesetas for the Ministry of 

 Foreign Affairs ; 56,467,532 pesetas for the Min- 

 istry of Justice ; 140,647,247 pesetas for the 

 Ministry of War ; 29,741,572 pesetas for the 

 Ministry of Marine ; 28,386,042 pesetas for 

 the Ministry of the Interior ; 74,716,565 pesetas 

 for the Ministry of Public Works and Instruc- 

 tion ; 16,504,142 pesetas for the Ministry of 

 Finance ; and 29,122,027 pesetas for the cost 

 of collecting the revenue. On Jan. 1, 1890, 

 the public debt amounted to 6,207,027.482 pes- 

 etas, on which the interest was 233,312,491 

 pesetas. 



The Army. Service in the army is obligatory 

 for every male citizen above the age of 19. The 

 term of service is 12 years, of which 3 years are 

 spent in the active army, 3 years in the first re- 

 serve, and 6 years in the second reserve. Against 

 the payment of 1,500 pesetas anyone may procure 

 exemption from service. The annual contingent 

 was fixed by the law of Dec. 16, 1891, at 80,000 

 men. There are 12 military districts in conti- 

 nental Spain, which are divided into 108 recruit- 

 ing districts and which again form 16 recruiting 

 divisions, thus forming a basis for military 

 organization in time of peace. In 1892 the 

 peace effective was composed of 61 regiments of 

 infantry of the line, 20 battalions of chasseurs, 

 68 squadrons of infantry reserve, 28 regiments 

 of cavalry, 28 squadrons of cavalry reserve, 13 

 regiments of artillery, 3 battalions horse artil- 

 lery, 10 fortress battalions, 7 squadrons of artil- 

 lery reserve, 4 companies of workmen, 2 com- 

 panies attached to the military academy and 

 central shooting school, 4 regiments of engineers, 

 1 regiment of pontoniers, 1 battalion of tele- 

 graphists, 1 battalion of railroad engineers, 1 

 brigade of topographists, and 4 squadrons engi- 

 neer reserves. The total force of the peace 

 effective in 1892 numbered 9,442 officers, 91,9'>8 

 sub-officers and men, and 14,887 horses and 

 mules. In case of war the strength of the army 

 can be increased to 26,005 officers, 311,675 

 sub-officers and men, and 33,938 horses and 

 mules. 



The Navy. The naval forces in 1892 consisted 

 of 1 turret ship, with 17 guns; 3 broadside 

 ships ; 3 deck-protected cruisers of the first class 

 and 3 cruisers of the second class ; 2 frigates ; 

 6 cruisers of the first class ; 7 cruisers of the 

 third class ; 4 gunboats of the first class, 7 of 

 the second class, and 33 of the third class ; 6 

 torpedo gunboats ; 13 gun launches ; 1 torpedo 

 catcher ; 12 torpedo-boats of the first class and 

 3 of the second class ; 1 submarine boat ; 4 

 transports ; and 2 school ships. There are 

 under construction 2 turret ships, 3 armorclad 

 frigates, and 3 armorclad cruisers. The navy 

 was manned in 1892 by 1,138 officers., 661 em- 

 ployes, 180 pilots, 7,715 sailors, and 8,500 

 marines. 



Commerce. The total imports, in 1890, 

 amounted to 941,138,000 pesetas, and the exports 

 to 937.760,000 pesetas. The following table 

 shows the trade for 1890 with the leading coun- 

 tries, in pesetas : 



