744 



UNITED STATES. 



his guns, doing serious injury to the Arabs, and 

 compelling them to retreat. His onward march 

 was attended with great difficulties, as the field 

 guns had to be dragged up the mountains about 

 8,000 feet, but by hard labor this was accom- 

 plished, and Menakha was retaken a few days 

 after the first encounter. From Menakha on- 

 ward the Turkish army was constantly beset by 

 bands of Arabs, but in spite of the difficulties of 

 the road the Turks proceeded, using their field 

 guns wherever serious resistance was made, and 

 bombarding the villages along the road, which 

 suffered heavily under the effective fire of the 

 Turks. At Hajarat-ibn-Mehedi the rebels had 

 taken up a strong position under Seyd-el-Sherai, 

 and it took 12 days of fighting before the road 

 was cleared, the chief and a large portion of the 

 Arab forces being killed. The road to Sanaa 

 was now open, and the Turks hastened to the re- 

 lief of that city without a halt. After Sanaa 

 was relieved, the Turkish army went north to 

 Randan, which was easily taken, and leaving a 

 small force there for its defense, they proceeded 

 to the relief of Amran, which had suffered even 

 greater hardships. On the approach of the 

 Turkish army, the Arabs raised the siege and re- 

 tired into the mountains. Ahmed Fehzy Pasha 

 then returned to Sanaa and established his head- 

 quarters there, declared military law throughout 

 the country, increased the price paid for rebels' 

 heads, and sent expeditions into the southern 

 section of the province, to retake the places then 

 in the hands of the rebels and to punish the 

 inhabitants on the road. The Turkish forces 

 marched from Sanaa to Kataba, the southern 

 frontier town on the road leading from Sanaa to 

 Aden, and there encamped, retaking on the march 

 Maaber. Damar, Yerim, Sedda, and Sobeh, almost 

 without resistance, the inhabitants having taken 

 refuge in the mountains, and leaving their houses 

 to be destroyed by the Turks. 



Although the tribes of the southern parts of the 

 province had been brought to submission, the 

 northern tribes were still in open revolt, and 

 owing to their secure positions in the mountains 

 it was difficult to make them submit with the 

 force of Turkish soldiers that were in the field. 

 Slowly, however, these tribes were conquered one 



after the other. On June 21, 1892, the town of 

 Hafs, which was regarded as the center of the 

 revolution, was taken with little resistance, the 

 inhabitants having fled into the desert. The 

 nomad tribes of Husseinie, led by Mehmed 

 Reched, were dispersed, after a fierce struggle, 

 by two battalions of Turkish troops under the 

 command of Co]. Rached Bey. In another direc- 

 tion, the Hachids were conquered and were com- 

 pelled to give up the prisoners taken at the be- 

 ginning of the revolt. The last place of refuge 

 of the Arabs was Saade, about 130 miles north of 

 Sanaa, which was taken by assault after a san- 

 guinary fight. In September Ahmed Felizy 

 Pasha reported to the Ottpman Government that 

 the insurrection was completely crushed, that 

 Hamid-Eddin, the false Imaum, who had headed 

 the rebels and directed their movements, had been 

 killed, together with 20 of the chiefs acting under 

 him, that the whole of Yemen was completely 

 pacified, and that the Imperial troops were re- 

 turning to Sanaa. 



Outrage on American Missionaries. On 

 Aug. 19, 1892, news was received from the United 

 States Charge d' Affaires at Constantinople to the 

 effect that the house of Dr. Bartlett, an American 

 missionary at Burdur, in Asia Minor, had been 

 burned, and that the life of the missionaries was 

 in danger. At the time when Dr. Bartlett de- 

 cided to build a house at that place, he was re- 

 fused a permit to build unless he gave bonds to 

 the local authorities guaranteeing that he would 

 not instruct children or even hold religious ser- 

 vices on the premises, this being based on or- 

 ders from Constantinople. Remonstrances being 

 made by the United States Legation at Constan- 

 tinople to the effect that under the treaty rights 

 Americans could not only hold lands but also en- 

 joy the same, the Sultan yielded, and the permit 

 was forwarded to Burdur, but when the house 

 was barely finished, it was burnt down by riotous 

 fanatics. A demand made by the United States 

 Government for the protection of its citizens in 

 Asia Minor and for an indemnity, was acquiesced 

 in by the Turkish Government, and an indemnity 

 of the full value of the unfurnished house burned 

 as well as personal indemnity to Dr. Bartlett was 

 tendered and accepted. 



IT 



UNITED STATES. The Administration. 



The only change in the Cabinet that took place in 

 1892 was occasioned by the sudden resignation of 

 James G. Blaine, Secretary of State, on June 4. 

 John W. Foster, of Indiana, was appointed in his 

 place, and qualified on June 29. 



The Judiciary. The United States Supreme 

 Court on March 1, 1892, affirmed the consti- 

 tutionality of the McKinley tariff act. The 

 death of Justice Joseph P. Bradley, of the third 

 circuit, on Jan. 22, 1892, left a vacancy on the 

 bench of the Supreme Court, which was filled by 

 the appointment of Georgp Shiras, Jr., of Penn- 

 sylvania, as Associate Justice. 



The following departmental officers were 

 appointed during the year : William M. Grin- 

 nell, of New York, third Assistant Secretary of 

 State ; George M. Lambertson, of Nebraska, and 



J. H. Grear, of Iowa, Assistant Secretaries of the 

 Treasury ; A. Barton Hepburn, of New York, 

 Comptroller of the Currency ; Ernst G. Tim me, 

 of Wisconsin, fifth Auditor of the Treasury ; 

 Charles H. Aldrich, of Illinois, Solicitor-General ; 

 H. Clay Evans, of Tennessee, first Assistant 

 Postmaster-General ; William M. Stone, of Iowa, 

 Commissioner of the General Land Office ; and 

 Mark M. Harrington, of Michigan, Chief of the 

 Weather Bureau. 



In the diplomatic service the principal appoint- 

 ments were the following : Frederick H. Grant, 

 of Washington, Minister to Bolivia ; Rowland B. 

 Mahany, of New York, Minister to Ecuador ; T. 

 Jefferson Coolidge, of Massachusetts, Minister to 

 France, in the place of Whitelaw Reid, resigned ; 

 Frank L. Coombs, of California, Minister to 

 Japan ; Andrew D. White, -of New York, Min- 



