WORLD'S COM MI',1 AN K\ POSITION. 



838 



< 'op\ right has been transferred from Government to 

 Literal are. Arbitration and Peace will include the 

 MtablUhment of pcnnaneirt International Courts of 

 .lustiee, tin- substitution of A rliit ration for War tin; 

 establishment of Courts of Conciliation and Ail>i 

 (ration for the voluntary settlement of private 

 controversies, etc. Congresses of this division will 

 lii-u'iii on August 7, is'.ct, ami may extend into tin? 

 following week. The Economic Congress will be 

 deferred to the week beginning August 28, and held 

 .simultaneously with the Labor Congress. 



General Depiirtincni >>f Siih/ </.< s/*-<-iitlly Assigned. 

 Inelticles Congresses not properly belonging to any 

 other Department; also Congresses which could not 

 be held in their appropriate places in the other De- 

 partments, such as the Dental Congress, Pharma- 

 ceutical Congress, Congress of Medical Jurists, Con- 

 gress of the African Continent and People, Horti- 

 cultural Congress, and Chess Congress. Congresses 

 will begin on August 14, 1893. The Congress of 

 Pharmacists will be held during the following week 

 in connection with the Congress of Chemists. 



Science and Philosophy. includes General Phys- 

 ics, Astronomy and Mathematics, Meteorology, Ge- 

 ology, Geography, Chemistry, Electricity, Botany, 

 Zoology, Microscopy, Anthropology, Ethnology, 

 and Archaeology, Indian Ethnology, African Eth- 

 nology, Psychical Science, Philosophy. Congresses 

 are assigned to the week beginning August 21, 1893. 

 The Congress of African Ethnology will open dur- 

 ing the preceding week. 



Liobor. Includes Historic Development of Labor, 

 Labor Organizations, Conflicts of Labor and Capital, 

 Labor Economics and Legislation, Woman's Work 

 and Wages, Domestic Economy, Child Labor, 

 Education, Public Opinion and Progress. Con- 

 gresses will be held in the last days of August and 

 the first days of September, closing on " Labor 

 Dav," Sept. 4, 1893. 



Religion. Includes the following General Divi- 

 sions, subject to additions : Baptist, Catholic, Con- 

 gregational. Christian, Evangelical Association, 

 Evangelical Church, Friends, Jews, Lutheran 

 General Council, Lutheran General Synod, Lu- 

 theran Synodical Conference, Methodist Episcopal, 

 New Jerusalem, Presbyterian, Protestant Episcopal, 

 Reformed Church of North America, Dutch Re- 

 formed Church, Reformed Episcopal, Swedish 

 Evangelical, United Brethren, Unitarian, Univer- 

 salist. Missions, Evangelical Alliance, Young Men's 

 and Young Women's Christian Associations, Soci- 

 ety of the Christian Endeavor, Epworth League, 

 Brotherhood of Christian Unity. The Catholic 

 Congress will begin on Sept. 5, the World's Par- 

 liament of Religions on Sept. 11, the Denomina- 

 tional Congresses on Sept. 21, and the Missionary 

 Congresses on Sept. 28, to be followed by Con- 

 gresses of the Evangelical Alliance and other bodies 

 named. 



Sunday Iiel. Includes Physiological Relations, 

 Economic and Business Relations, Governmental 

 and Political Relations, Social and Moral Relations, 

 and Religious Relations of the Weekly Rest. Day. 

 Congresses will be held in October, immediately 

 after those of the Religious Societies. 



1'iilillc Health. Includes Sanitary Legislation, 

 Public Health Authorities, Governmental Adminis- 

 tration in relation to Epidemics and Contagions, 

 Food Inspectiou and other Food Problems. Con- 

 gresses will follow that of Sunday Rest in October. 



Ai/rii-iiltiire. Includes Farm Culture and Cereal 

 Industry, Animal Industry, Agricultural Organiza- 

 tions and Governmental "Departments of Agricul- 

 ture, Agricultural Education and Experiment, Good 

 Roads, Household Economics, and Horticulture. 

 Congresses begin on October 16, 1893. 



Awards. The report of the sub-committee 

 on Awards of the Judiciary Committee, made 

 September 15, 1890, upon the question of the 

 rights, duties, and powers of the Commission 



under the act of Congress, named, as among the 

 'I original and exclusive powers of the Coinini.->- 

 sion.'' ttie|K>wer "toappoint judges and examin- 

 ers for the Exposition, and to award all pre- 

 miums." At a meeting of the Executive Com- 

 mittee of the Commission held Octoln-r 1^ 

 a resolution was adopted authori/.ini: President. 

 Palmer to appoint a committee of four from the 

 Commission to confer with a similar committee 

 from the local directory, and to d.-termine 

 "whether awards shall he <rn nt -d and what 

 character of awards shall be made, if any." 



This committee reported the following among 

 other recommendations : 



"That awards be granted upon specific points of 

 excellence or advancement, formulated in words 

 by a board of judges, who shall be competent ex- 

 perts ; that the evidence of awards be parchment 

 certificates accompanied by bronze medals." 



"That there be but one class or kind of medal, 

 to be made of bronze, and to be works of art 

 selected from competitive tests by the Committee 

 on Fine Arts of the Commission, or. if more desir- 

 able, by the Joint Committees on Fine Arts of the 

 Commission and the local directory." 



These recommendations were adopted by the 

 commission; and at the meeting of its Executive 

 Committee held Sept. 1, 1891, the following 

 resolution was adopted: 



" There shall be a committee on awards, to be 

 appointed by the president, consisting of twelve 

 commissioners, which is authorized to meet at the 

 call of the chairman and shall have charge of the 

 subjects of awards, and who shall, in connection 

 with the Director-General, select and appoint the 

 board of judges, subject to the approval of the 

 Commission." 



This committee, it is understood, will be formed 

 by the appointment of one member from each 

 of the committees representing the twelve great 

 departments of the Exposition. 



Finance, The following is a recently pub- 

 lished authentic statement concerning the esti- 

 mated receipts and expenditures: 



RECEIPTS. 



Capital stock and City of Chicago bonds, $10,500,000 

 U. S. Treasury appropriation in souvenir 



coins 2,500,000 



Premium on same 2,500,000 



Debenture bonds (now offered) 4,000,000 



Total $19,500,000 



Gate receipts $10.000,000 



Concessions and privileges. . . 3,500,000 



Salvage 1,500,000 15,000,000 



Total estimated receipts $34,500,000 



EXPENDITURES. 

 Constructing buildings and preparatory 



expenses to May 1. IMCI $18,750,000 



Operating expenses from May 1, 1893. . .. 2,500,000 



Total estimated expenditures $21,250,000 



Net amount available for payment of 

 bonds 13,250,000 



Total $34,500,000 



The cost of the Exposition structures is esti- 

 mated at $8,000,000. This amount represents 

 less than half of the total estimated expenditure 

 for the enterprise. The Grounds and Buildings 



