ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. 



L5 



Mary of tin- Church Army, made the principal 

 addresses. The subject of "Foreign niMkNu" 

 was discussed under the heads of (1) evangeliza- 

 tion of the heathen, variety of methods, ami r,!i 

 tin- duty of Christian states toward native races 

 with regard to the regulation or support of or 

 interference with missions and irado, by the 

 Ifcv. A. T. Wirgman, the Rev. R. L. Page, and 

 Mishop Bickersteth, of Japan. On the subject 

 of "The Ministry of the Laity, Diocesan and 

 Lay Kraders, Deaconesses and Sisters, Lectors 

 and Catechists," the opening paper was read 

 by the Bishop of Lichfteld, and the Dean of 

 Lincoln read a paper on ' Deaconesses and Sis- 

 terhoods." Pertaining to the subject of Christian 

 and devotional life, papers were read on "The 

 Christian in Home Life," by the Bishop of Hull 

 (Dr. Blunt); "Spiritual Power, its Source and 

 Operations, its Imperative Need for the Church 

 at Large, as well as for the Individual Christian 

 Life," by the Dean of Bristol ; " Quietness," by 

 Archdeacon Perrowne ; " Proportion," by Canon 

 Newbolt; and " Religion in Social Life," by Preb- 

 endary Webb-Peploe. " The Relations between 

 the Church and the Press " were discussed by 

 .1. T. Bruce, editor of the "Birmingham Daily 

 Post," the Rev. Edmund McClure, of the Society 

 for Promoting Christian Knowledge, the Rev. 

 A. R. Buckland, editor of " The Record," the 

 Rev. J. E. C. Weldon, and other speakers. In 

 the discussion of the question of " The Disposal 

 of the Dead," the friends of cremation were 

 represented by Dr. A. B. Hill, of Mason College, 

 Birmingham, the Rev. Brooke Lambert, and Sir 

 Douglas Galton ; and the advocates of earth to 

 earth burial, by F. Seymour Haden and G. V. 

 Poore, of University College, London. Other 

 subjects considered were " The Parish Councils 

 Bill," " Lord's Day Observance," " Home Mis- 

 sions," and " The Financial Condition of the 

 Clergy," including the inadequate provision for 

 the clergy, its present effects and ultimate con- 

 sequences, and the suggestion of remedies in the 

 shape of (1) the duty of the clergy toward one 

 another and (2) the duty of the laity toward the 

 clergy. The subjects of " Licensing Reform " 

 and the " Connection of Church and State " 

 were discussed at the workingmen's meetings. 



ARGENTINE REPUBLIC, a federal repub- 

 lic in South America. Under the Constitution 

 of May 15, 1853, the republic bore the name of 

 the United Provinces of the Rio de la Plata. In 

 1860 Buenos Ayres came into the federation, 

 when the Constitution was modified and the 

 present name adopted. The Constitution is 

 modeled closely after that of the United States. 

 The executive' head of the State is a President, 

 elected for six years by representatives of the 14 

 provinces. The legislative authority is vested in 

 a Congress consisting of a Senate and a House 

 of Deputies. The Senate has 30 members, 2 

 specially elected from the capital, and 2 from 

 each of the provinces, chosen by the respective 

 Legislatures. The Senatorial term of office is 

 nine years, and Senators must have an annual 

 income of $2,000. The House of Deputies con- 

 sists of 86 members, elected directly by the peo- 

 Sle for a term of four years. The Vice- Presi- 

 ent presides over the Senate. One third of the 

 Senate is renewed every three years, and one 

 half of the House every two years. The ses- 



sions of Congress are from May to Sept. 30 of 

 every year. The President is commander in 

 chief of the armies, and appoints all civil, mili- 

 tary, and judicial officers. Kach province has 

 its own legislature, and a governor elected l<y 

 the people, who is invested with extensive pow- 



President, and they entered upon their term of 

 office Oct. 12, 1892. The ministry in the begin- 

 ning of 1893 was constituted as follows : Minis- 

 ter of the Interior, Dr. M. Quintana; Minister 

 of Foreign Affairs, Dr. T. Anchorena ; Minister 

 of Finance, Dr. J. J. Romero; Minister of Jus- 

 tice, Public Instruction, and Worship, Dr. C. S. 

 de la Torre ; Minister of War and Marine, Gen. 

 B. Victorica. 



Area and Population. The area of the Ar- 

 gentine Republic, including the territories and 

 Patagonia, is estimated at 1,1 25,086 square miles. 

 The population was estimated at the end of 1888, 

 at 3,793,800. In 1891, 73,597 emigrants arrived 

 in the country, of whom 28,266 landed in Buenos 

 Ayres. Of these, 15,511 were Italians, 4,290 

 Spaniards, 2,915 Frenchmen, and 832 Germans. 

 Buenos Ayres, the Federal capital, had a popu- 

 lation of 543,065 on July 31, 1892. 



Finance. The budget for 1893 estimated the 

 total revenue at $91,100,000, of which $55,000,- 

 000 were derived from import duties, $8,250,000 

 from export duties, $4,020,000 from storage, etc., 

 $4,000,000 from stamps, $12,150,000 from ex- 

 cise duties, $3,500,000 from the post-office, and 

 $4,180,000 from various other sources. The ex- 

 penditures were estimated at $75,100,000, of 

 which $31,100,000 were for the public debt, $13,- 

 880,000 for the Ministry of the Interior, $980,- 

 000 for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, $3,905,- 

 000 for the Ministry of Finance, $7,345,000 for 

 Public Instruction, $11,640.000 for the Ministry 

 of War, and $6,300,000 for the Ministry of Ma- 

 rine. 



The public debt, according to an official re- 

 port, amounted to $302,407,748 gold, and $63,- 

 107,950 currency on March 31, 1892. Of this sum, 

 $204,958,909 gold represent the external debt, 

 $89,406,641 gold, and $43,993,089 currency the 

 internal debt, $8.042,198 gold and $10.614,861 

 currency the floating debt, and $8,500,000 cur- 

 rency minor issue. The property belonging to 

 the National Government is valued at $703,793.- 

 172. The report for 1892 of the British Vice- 

 Consul at Buenos Ayres places the total debt 

 much higher than the official statement, his fig- 

 ures being 105,124,978, or over 25 per inhab- 

 . itant. The United States consul, in his report 

 for the same year, says it is difficult to know 

 what the figures are, owing to the wide discrep- 

 ancy between the statements of the officials. 



The Army and Navy. The regular army 

 consists of 1,590 officers, and 6,498 men. The 

 militia numbers 286,000 men. 



The navy consists of 1 sea-going armor-clad, 2 

 ironclad monitors, 2 deck-protected cruisers, 7 

 gunboats, 2 transports, 7 dispatch boats, 1 tor- 

 pedo school ship, 4 steel torpedo boats, and 4 

 spar torpedo boats. In July, 1892, was launched 

 at Elswick, England, the " Nueve de Julio," a 

 steel cruiser, 350 feet long, of 16^ feet draught, 

 a displacement of 3,500 tons, 14,500 horse- 



