CALIFORNIA. 



117 



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CALIFORNIA, a Pacific coast State, admitted 

 to the Union Sept. 9. 1850; area, 158,860 square 

 mill's. The population, according to each de- 

 crnninl cfiisus since admission, was 92,597 in 

 :;'.'.!H)4 in 1800; 560,247 in 1870; 864,694 

 in ISSO; and 1,208,130 in. 1890. Capital, Sacra- 

 mento. 



Government. The following were the State 

 officers during the year : Governor, H. H. Mark- 

 ham, Republican ; Lieutenant-Governor, J. B. 

 Kcddick ; Secretary of State, Edward G. Waite ; 

 'irer, J. R. McDonald: Comptroller, Ed- 

 win P. Colgan ; Attorney-General, W. H. H. 

 Hart ; Surveyor-General, Theodore Reichert ; 

 Superintendent of Public Instruction, James W. 

 Anderson; Railroad Commissioners, William 

 Beck man, J. M. Litchfleld, and James W. Rea ; 

 Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, W. H. Beat- 

 ty; Associate Justices: T. B. McFarland, A. 

 Van R. Paterson, C. H. Garoutte, Ralph C. Har- 

 rison, J. J. De Haven, and W. F. Fitzgerald, 

 appointed by the Governor to succeed J. R. 

 Sharpstein, who died Dec. 28, 1892. 



Finances. According to the report of the 

 State Treasurer, there was a balance in the treas- 

 ury on July 1, 1890, of $3,565,259.36 ; the total 

 receipts for the year ensuing were $8,231,298.93, 

 and the total expenditures $7,955,689.94, leaving 

 a balance on July 1, 1891, of $3,840,868.35. 

 For the year next following the total receipts 

 were $7.309,430.94, and the total expenditures 

 $7,900,069.99, leaving a balance of $3,250,229.30 

 on July 1, 1892. These figures include all the 

 funds held by the State Treasurer. The sepa- 

 rate receipts and expenditures of the more im- 

 portant of these funds were as follow : General 

 fund balance on July 1, 1890, $1,830,636.85 ; 

 receipts for the year ensuing, $3,721,855.55 ; ex- 

 penditures, $3,585,249.91; balance on July 1, 

 1891, $1,967,242.49; receipts for year ending 

 July 1, 1892, $2,712,189.98; expenditures, $3,- 

 496^572.91; balance on Julv 1, 1892, $1,182,859.56. 

 School fund balance on July 1, 1890, $420,160.- 

 64 ; receipts for the year ensuing, $2,661,505.70 ; 

 expenditures, $2.632,211.98 ; balance on July 1, 

 1891, $449.454.36 ; receipts for the year ending 

 July 1, 1892, $2.845,372.19; expenditures, $2,- 

 887,168.09; balance on July 1, 1892, $907,658.- 

 46. Interest and sinking fund balance on July 

 1, 1892, $194,126.84 ; receipts for the year ensuing, 

 $203,403.87; expenditures, $183,482.50; balance 

 on July 1, 1891, $214,048.21 ; receipts for the year 

 ending July 1, 1892, $114,299.12; expenditures, 

 si:)7.:',70.79; balance on July 1, 1892, $170,976.- 

 54. State school land fund balance on July 1, 

 1890, $48,140.17; receipts for the year ensuing, 

 $197.793.02; expenditures, $189,505.12; balance 

 on July 1, 1891, $56,428.07; receipts for the 

 year ending July 1, 1892, $198,951.71 ; expendi- 

 tures, $194.846.40: balance on July 1, 1892, 

 !?'><>.."):{3.38. The large reduction in the general 

 fund balance is due to unusual demands made 

 by many of the counties for aid granted by the 

 State for the care of aged persons and orphans. 

 Claims for this aid should have been paid in 



former years, but, owing to imperfect knowledge 

 of the law, have never before been presented. 



The State debt on Jan. 1, 1893, was $2,533,- 

 500, of which all except $5,000 is represented 

 by funded debt bonds of 1873. These became 

 due on Jan. 2, but no provision had then been 

 made by law for their redemption. The Legis- 

 lature of 1891 passed an act providing for re- 

 funding them at a lower rate of interest, but 

 made it operative only after its approval by the 

 people at the November election in 1892. At 

 this election a majority of the voters refused 

 their approval, and the Legislature of 1893 was 

 obliged to devise some other means for sustain- 

 ing the credit of the State. There were in the 

 hands of private individuals $251,000 of these 

 bonds, for redeeming which an appropriation 

 was made ; but as there were no funds in tne State 

 treasury for meeting the remaining $2,277,500, 

 which were held by the school fund and univer- 

 sity fund, an act was passed by which the State 

 agreed to pay to these funds 6 per cent, interest 

 on the amounts held by each, and provision was 

 made for levying annually a tax sufficient to 

 raise the necessary amount. 



Owing to the very liberal appropriations made 

 by the Legislature, the tax rate for 1893 was in- 

 creased by the State Board of Equalization to 

 57.6 cents on each $100. The total amount to 

 be raised by this tax for State expenses was $6,- 

 460,939. 



Legislative Session. The regluar biennial 

 session of the Legislature began on Jan. 2 and 

 ended on March 14. On Jan. 18 both Houses, in 

 joint convention, elected Stephen M. White, 

 Democrat, on the first ballot, as United States 

 Senator to succeed Charles N. Felton, Republic- 

 an, the vote being as follows : White, 61 ; Felton, 

 12; George C. Perkins, 11 ; Thomas R. Bard, 9; 

 D. C. Reed., 8; Thomas V. Cator (Populist), 7; 

 Widney, 6 ; scattering, 5. One result of the ses- 

 sion was the passage of an act to promote the 

 purity of elections. It provides that every can- 

 didate, upon filing his certificate of nomination, 

 shall also file the names of five persons selected 

 to receive, expend, audit, and disburse all mon- 

 eys contributed or furnished for the purpose of 

 aiding his election, and forbids any expenditure 

 for such purpose by any person except the candi- 

 date himself and the five persons so named as 

 his committee. Within twenty-one days after 

 the official canvass of the election returns the 

 committee is required to file with the Secretary 

 of State or the county clerk, as the case may be, 

 a sworn itemized statement, showing all its 

 receipts, with the names of the persons contribut- 

 ing, and showing the names of all persons to 

 whom money has been paid and the character of 

 the services which they have rendered therefor. 

 A similar sworn statement of his personal re- 

 ceipts and expenditures shall be filed by the can- 

 didate himself within fifteen davs alter the elec- 

 tion is held. Such statements shall be recorded 

 in the respective offices where they are filed, and 

 shull be open to public inspection. Vouchers 



