286 



ENGINEERING. 



1 . _, 



The action of the float and counterpoise aro evi- 

 dent from the drawing. The arrow i-rever^j^ 

 by the action of the lever A, which braiv up or 

 down according to the pull of the lirtfetach^d 

 to the float, which renders through $&Kr#6& ot 

 3 friction pulleys marked B. A 



TIDE INDICATOR MECHANISM. 



of levers at C actuates the pivoted wings so 

 that the arrow assumes the different aspects 

 shown in 1, 2, and 8, which respectively indicate 

 rising, falling, and slack water. This device is 

 the invention of E. G. Fischer, of the United 

 States Coast Survey. The indicator was set up 

 in July, 1893, and survived the two hurricanes 

 that shortly followed. It is now regarded as 

 having passed the experimental stage. Such 

 indicators, set at suitable points along the coast, 

 would prove of great advantage to navigators, 

 giving them information that they can usually 

 obtain only by communicating with the shore. 



Railway Speed. It has fallen to the lot of 

 engine " No. 999 " of the New York Central 

 Railroad to outstrip all rivals in the matter of 

 speed. On May 9, 1893, this engine ran 1 rnile 

 in thirty-five seconds. On the next day, May 

 10, a more extended speed test was made over a 

 straight reach of track. After passing Batavia, 

 at 60 miles an hour, the speed was increased un- 

 til the record of the preceding day was beaten, 

 and a mile was accomplished in thirty-two sec- 

 onds. In actual service, drawing a train, she has 

 run 112 miles in an hour, and the railroad of- 

 ficials hope that she will accomplish her mile in 

 thirty seconds when she is fairly in running 

 order. This triumph of American mechanical 

 skill was exhibited at Chicago, and experts were 

 much interested in comparing her with an Eng- 



EVENTS OF 1893. 



assenger locomotive of the best and new- 

 ;sign. While steam is thus approximating 

 Jmit, electricians are planning trains capable 

 of running 120 miles an hour. 



EVENTS OF 1893. The year was not con- 

 ipicuous for great events of a sensational order. 

 The Columbian Exhibition at Chicago was per- 

 haps the most sensational, and certainly attracted 

 world-wide attention. Probably the financial 

 crisis in Australia, India, Italy, and America may 

 have a far-reaching influence in the adjustment 

 of international relations. The Hawaiian inci- 

 dent, begun in 1893 and extending over into 

 1894, may prove of consequence before it is final- 

 ly settled. There have been no great wars, al- 

 though the insurrectionary movement in Brazil 

 has at times seemed threatening. There has 

 been more or less fighting between native tribes 

 and the European occupants of Africa, north 

 and south, between the French and natives in 

 Siam, and between the English and the hill tribes 

 in India. The year opened in the United States 

 with promise of great commercial prosperity, and 

 closed with the country in a state of financial 

 distress almost unprecedented. 



January 1. Mexico: Battle between Government 

 troops and revolutionists. 



2. Netherlands : Troops called out to suppress riots 

 among unemployed workmen, 3 killed, many wounded. 



3. Legislatures convene in many States. (See 

 State articles.) Spain : A large aerolite falls in the 

 province of Valladolid. The Duke of Almodovar del 

 Valley appointed minister to Washington. 



4. Nortn Carolina : Attempted lynching at Bakers- 

 ville ; a desperate tight follows, 11 men of the sher- 

 iff's posse killed, as many more of the lynehers. 

 The President issues a proclamation of amnesty to 

 Mormons liable to prosecution for polygamy. Ger- 

 many : A riot among miners in the Saar district. 



5. Pennsylvania: Thirteen members of the Amal- 

 gamated Association placed on trial for acts during 

 the strike at the Carnegie Steel Works. Egypt: 

 Fighting with the dervishes; the Government troops 

 repulsed with heavy loss. 



(!. Completion of the extension of the Great North- 

 ern Railroad to the Pacific coast, the fifth transconti- 

 nental line. Paris : Large anti-Hebrew meeting ; riot 

 occurs in consequence of a speech by the Marquis de 

 Mores ; danger of further riots because of the Pan- 

 ama scandal. 



9. German miners' strike, anarchist bomb explodes. 



10. Indiana : A local feud known as the Lawson- 

 Swinford vendetta culminates in a fight ; several 

 killed and wounded on each side. Pennsylvania: 

 Twelve of the 13 Pittsburg strikers found guilty of 

 riot. Eoumania : Marriage of the Princess Mane of 

 Edinburgh and Prince Ferdinand, Crowu Prince of 

 Roumania, at Sigmaringen. India : An English pth- 

 cer and 5 Sepoys killed by a hostile tribe at Sima. 

 Belgium: Catholic clubhouse at Searing blown up 

 with dynamite. France: The Robot ministry takes 

 office. 



11. Kansas: Republican and Populist factions 

 claim control of the Legislature, but agree to a truce 

 pending settlement of the differences in court. 



12. Kansas : Governor Llewelyn recognizes the Pop- 

 ulist House. Philadelphia : The American Academy 

 of Political and Social Science ; annual meeting. 



13. Four Russian nihilists expelled from France. 



14. Appointment by the Pope of Monsignor Satolli 

 as permanent apostolic legate to the United States, 

 Paris : Full confessions made by many persons promi- 

 nently connected with the Panama scandal. 



16. Washington: Twenty-fifth convention of the 

 National Women's Suffrage Association. Rome : Four- 

 teen new cardinals created by the Pope. Hawaii : 

 The reigning queen dethroned by revolutionists; a 



