354 GIFTS AND BEQUESTS. 



GOLF. 



tion by a joint committee of the boards of $670.000 

 for the purchase of ground on Fifth Avenue, and ot 

 $1 000,000 for the erection of a building ; also from be- 

 quests to the College of New Jersey, a new dormitory, 

 cost about $100,000, named Hodge Hall, dedicated 

 Sept. 22, 1893. 



Taylor, Mrs. Moses, of New York city, bequest to 

 the church in Elbcron, N. J., $100,000 and her sum- 

 mer residence there. 



Todd. William 0., of Atkinson, N. H., gifts to the 

 public library in Newburyport, Mass., on condition 

 that the city appropriates to it annually $400 for the 

 purchase of newspapers, $10,000 ; also to the Boston 

 Public Library the first of an annual gift of $2,000 

 for the purchase of newspapers from all parts of the 

 world for its reading-room ; pledged himself to give 

 the latter library " sooner or later," to secure forever 

 this annual payment, $50,000. 



Trefe, Mrs. Christina, of Newark, N. J., gift to the 

 German Hospital in that city, a building for the 

 School for Trained Nurses, cost $20,000. 



Trowbridge, Ezekiel Hayes, of New Haven, Conn, 

 (died Nov. 24, 1893), bequest to the Divinity School 

 of Yale University, $5,000. 



Vanderbilt, Cornelius, of New York city, gift, for him- 

 self and wife, to Yale University, a new building for 

 students' rooms on the college campus, as a me- 

 morial to their son, William H. Vanderbilt, a former 

 student, estimated cost $500,000. 



Walker, Joseph, of Portland, Me., bequest to trustees, 

 to be applied to charitable and educational purposes, 

 $250,000 ; will contested and sustained. 



Ward, Mrs. Ellen Eliza, of Roslyn, Long Island, 

 bequests to the Protestant Episcopal Diocese of 

 Long Island, $20,000 ; the New York Protestant City 

 Mission, $15,000; the trustees of the estate belonging 

 to the diocese of Long Island, in trust, $12,500; and 

 other religious and benevolent organizations, $15,000. 



Waterston, Rev. Eobert Cassie, of Boston, Mass, (died 

 Dec. 19, 1893), bequests to the Massachusetts Histor- 

 ical Society, $40,000, and, after his widow's death, his 

 collections of books, pamphlets, manuscripts, and au- 

 tographs ; and to the Society of Natural History, for a 

 publication fund, $10,000, and his collections of birds, 

 shells, fossils, and minerals. 



Webb, William Henry, of New York city, gift of 

 grounds and building on Fordham Heights, to be 

 known as Webb's Academy and Home for Shipbuild- 

 ers, estimated cost and endowment, $1,000,000. The 

 grounds comprise thirteen acres. The institution was 

 informally opened Oct. 26, 1893. 



Weld, William F., of Brookline, Mass., bequest to 

 Harvard University, $100,000. He-gave it $90,000, in 

 1887, with which to found a professorship. 



Wetmore, Charles D., of Jamestown, N. Y., gift to 

 Harvard University, a new dormitory, to be known 

 as Claverly Hall, cost $150,000. 



Wharton, Joseph, founder of the Wharton School of 

 Finance and Economy of the University of Pennsyl- 

 vania, gift to the school, $75,000 ; aggregate gifts to 

 it, $.200,000. 



Wheatland, Henry, for many years President of the 

 Essex Institute, Salem, Mass, (died Feb. 27, 1893), 

 bequests to the Essex Institute, his private library, 

 historical specimens and papers, and $15,000. 



Wheeler, Mrs. Esther OK, of Boston, Mass., bequest 

 to the Central New York Protestant Episcopal Dio- 

 cese, several large tracts of land in and near Manns- 

 ville, N. Y., with all buildings thereon, and $9,000. 



Wheeler, John, of New Haven, Conn., gift to St. 

 John's Protestant Episcopal Society, a building lot, 

 valued at $10,000, for a new church edifice. 



White, A. J., M. D., of New York city, gift to Yale 

 University, a new dormitory, cost $140,000. 



White, Bobert OK, of Philadelphia, Pa., bequests to 

 institutions of the Presbyterian Church and other 

 organizations, $12,600. 



Williams, Henry W., M. D., of Boston, Mass., gift to 

 Harvard University, for endowment of a full pro- 

 fessorship of ophthalmology, $25,000. 



GOLF. Within the year this ancient and 

 honorable game has fairly obtained a footing in 

 the United States. The. first club, indeed, was 

 established in San Francisco two or three years 

 ago, but until quite recently the game has not 

 fairly attained popularity. It has long been 

 played in Canada, and its authentic history in 

 Scotland goes back to the fifteenth century. It 

 was then so popular that the Parliament, fear- 

 ing its effect on the efficiency of Scottish long- 

 bow-men, passed an act prohibiting golf on Sun- 

 days and substituting archery. The name is 

 probably from the German Kolb, club, becoming 

 Kolf in Dutch, Celtic, and Icelandic. A game 

 somewhat similar was played long ago in the 

 Netherlands and in Belgium, but it is quite un- 

 certain where it first assumed its present form. 

 Within a generation it has spread into England. 

 The St. Andrew's Club in Fife is the recognized 

 headquarters for golf, whence have emanated 

 the rules that govern almost all clubs, and 

 where disputed questions are sent for settlement. 



A game of golf is in effect a " constitutional " 

 of moderate length with a definite end in view. 

 It may be brisk or leisurely, according to taste, 

 and it is so constituted that it is both social and 

 solitary. It is played on what are technical- 

 ly called "links," the Scotch equivalent for 

 " downs " or " dunes " namely, sandy tracts al- 

 ternately level and broken, such as are found 

 almost everywhere along the seacoast, but it can 

 be played on any kind of ground, or even along 

 a country road. To prepare the links for play, 

 a series of holes, 4 inches in diameter and about 5 

 deep, are cut in the turf. If the soil is of such a 

 nature that it caves in, the holes are necessarily 

 lined with tin or some similar substance. The 

 holes are from 100 to 600 yards apart, according 

 to the contour of the land. A short link has 9 

 holes, a long one 18, but any number of holes 

 may be taken, according to agreement among 

 the players. 



The object of the game is to drive a ball by 

 striking it with a suitable " club " from one of 

 these holes to the next in regular succession 

 until the entire round as agreed upon is com- 

 pleted, and the ball returned to the place whence 

 it started. The person or side completing the 

 round with the least number of strokes wins. 



One against one, or two against two, is the 

 usual arrangement for a game. In either case 

 each side has one ball, and in the latter the part- 

 ners take turns in striking. Inasmuch as the 

 links are of considerable extent, it is obvious 

 that several parties can play at once, a second 

 party " playing off " as soon as the first has made 

 one or two holes. The overlapping of different 

 parties is provided for in the rales. 



Thus the scene on links, when games are in 

 active progress, is one of great animation, and 

 since the organized clubs usually indulge in uni- 

 forms, the lady members preferably wearing 

 English " pink," the spectacle is very pretty. 



Golf has a peculiar and voluminous vocabulary 

 of its own, the growth of centuries, and insepa- 

 rable perhaps from its advanced age. The list is 

 too long for reproduction here (see glossary of 

 terms. Badminton Library, volume on Golf). For 

 the rules of the game, too, the reader is referred 

 to the same authority, or to any of the several 

 pamphlets issued by dealers in sporting goods. 



