(JUKAT HIMTAIN AND IRELAND. 





the bill. During the progress of the bill, clause 

 by clause, through the committee, the debate 

 became more and iimn- bitter, leading in some 

 inMaiices to enforced withdrawals and apologies. 

 Tin- financial scheme was entirely remodeled in 

 coin in it tee, l)ii t the declared purpose of it under- 

 went Init little change. The following state- 

 ment, based (in the approximate figures of 1892- 

 '!):!. illustrates the effect of the amended clauses : 

 The Irish revenue embraces customs, 2,402.- 

 000 ; excise, 3,058,000 ; stamp duties, 707,000 ; 

 income tax, 552.000; Crown lands, 65,000; 

 total, 6,784,000, two thirds of which, or 4,- 

 522,000, would be retained by Ireland, and this 

 amount is augmented by 138,000 of miscel- 

 laneous receipts, making the total retained by 

 Ireland, 4,660,000. Against this is placed Irish 

 expenditures: Civil government charges, inclu- 

 sive of local charges met out of local revenues, 

 3,123,000 ; two thirds of the constabulary 

 charges, 973,000; and the estimated deficit on 

 postal account, 52,000; total, 4,148,000 of ex- 

 penditure, which deducted from the revenue 

 would leave a surplus for Ireland of 512,000. 

 The figures representing customs and excise 

 were readjusted to make allowance for the duties 

 paid in Ireland on articles consumed in Great 

 Britain. The acrimonious feeling engendered 

 during the debates in committee culminated at 

 10 o'clock in the evening of July 27, the hour 

 fixed by the Government for closure of debate 

 on the bill in committee. Mr. Chamberlain was 

 speaking on the Opposition side as the hour ap- 

 proached, and amid much disorder on both sides 

 was denouncing Mr. Gladstone and his followers. 

 An allusion to Herod brought forth from the 

 Nationalists a cry of " Judas." Meantime the 

 clock struck 10, and the chairman, Mr. Mellor, 

 attempted to put the closure, and gave direc- 

 tions to clear the House for a division. The 

 Conservatives refused to quit the House, and in 

 the disorder a fight arose in which members were 

 knocked down and otherwise roughly handled. 

 The committee finished its labors upon the bill 

 on the following day. During the month of 

 August the measure passed its final stages by 

 the usual majority, and was sent to the House of 

 Lords, where it was rejected on Sept. 8, by a 

 vote of 419 to 41. 



The House passed the North Sea fisheries bill 

 for suppressing the liquor traffic among the fish- 

 ermen ; also the bill regulating the hours of serv- 

 ice of railway employees. The employers' lia- 

 bility bill, the second reading of which was 

 moved on Feb. 20, was framed to carry out and 

 give legal effect to the principle that one who 

 for his own profit sets in motion agencies in- 

 volving danger to others ought to be civilly re- 

 sponsible for the consequences, and thus to abol- 

 ish the doctrine of common employment. The 

 registration bill, introduced on Feb. 20, provid- 

 ing for a general simplification of the registra- 

 tion machinery and for changing the residence 

 qualification by substituting for an occupation 

 for twelve months, expiring July 15, the uniform 

 period of three months, ending June 24 in each 

 year, applying to all elections; the right to vote 

 not to be affected by any change or residence 

 within the same electoral area. The Welsh sus- 

 pensory bill, suspending the creation of new in- 

 terests in churches in Wales, is regarded as the 



first practical step toward disendowing and di'- 

 MtsHfohing the Church there. The bill e-iab- 

 lishing the eight-hour day for miners passed its 

 M'l-i.nd reading on May :; bv a vote of 2<9againt 

 201. The-.- :; hills, the local veto bill, and the 

 parish council bill were pending when, on Sept. 

 22, Parliament adjourned until Nov. 2. 



Colonies. Gibraltar is a Crown colony in 

 Andalusia. Spain, at the entrance to the Mediter- 

 ranean. The Governor and Commander in Chief 

 is Gen. Sir Lothian Nicholson, who exercises 

 all the functions of government, legislative and 

 executive. The area of the rock is 1'9 square 

 miles, and the population in 1891 was 25,896, 

 including a garrison of 5,896 men. The local 

 revenue in 1891 was 61,136. the expenditure 

 62,885; and the military expenditure of the 

 home Government 259,221. 



Malta, an island in the Mediterranean, 58 

 miles from Sicily, is 17 miles long, with an area 

 of 95 square miles, and had in 1890 an estimated 

 population of 165,662. The chief town and port 

 is Valetta. The government is partly represent- 

 ative, the Governor being assisted by 20 coun- 

 cilors, of whom 14 are elected. The present 

 Governor is Gen. Sir Henry Augustus Smyth. 

 The revenue in 1891 was 275,125, and the ex- 

 penditure 281,870. 



Cyprus, the third island in size in the Mediter- 

 ranean, is administered by Great Britain under 

 a convention with Turkey. The area of the 

 island is 3.584 square miles, and the population in 

 1891 was 209,286, exclusive of the military. The 

 government is administered by a High Commis- 

 sioner, assisted by an Executive Council. The 

 Legislature consists of 18 members, 6 of whom 

 are officeholders and 12 members elected for 

 five years, 3 by Mohammedan and 9 by non- 

 Mohammedan voters. The High Commissioner 

 is Sir Joseph Seudall, appointed in 1892. The 

 revenue for 1891-'92 was 217,162, and the ex- 

 penditure 112,742. There is no public debt, 

 but a sum of 92,800 is payable annually to the 

 Sultan under the convention. The imports for 

 the year were valued at 344,125. and the ex- 

 ports, mainly agricultural, at 432,419. 



Aden, a volcanic peninsula on the coast of 

 Arabia, having an area of 70 square miles, and 

 forming an important coaling station on the 

 Suez Canal route to the East, with the small 

 island of Perim, at the entrance to the Red Sea, 

 had in 1891 a population of 41.910. The ad- 

 ministrative . officer is the Political Resident, 

 who is also commander of the troops, and is sub- 

 ordinate to the Government of Bombay. The 

 principal exports are coffee, gums, hides, cloths, 

 and tobacco, which come from the interior of 

 Arabia. Tne Somali Coast Protectorate, oppo- 

 site Aden, with an area of 30,000 square miles 

 and a population of 240.000, the island of Soco- 

 tra, with an area of 1,382 square miles and a 

 population of 10.000. and the Kuria Muria 

 Islands. 5 in number, leased for guano, are at- 

 tached to Aden. 



Ceylon, an island in the Indian Ocean, has an 

 area of 25.346 square miles, and in 1891 had a 

 population of 3.008.466. The government is ad- 

 ministered by a Governor and an Executive 

 Council of 5 members. There is a Legislative 

 Council of 17 members, comprising the mem- 

 bers of the Executive Council. 4 other offi- 



