IDAHO. 



393 



rear, nn<l on April 2 they fled ; and when In- came 

 up to tin-in ami repi-ati-d the manu-uvre they 

 e\ a<led him again. The (iovermncnt troops, IK- 

 t-ording to tin- usual custom, massacred nil the 

 wounded and prisuncrs. Bonilla's forces \M-IV 

 not well enough supplied with urniiiunilioii to 

 continue, the war long. On the news of his fir>t 

 successes, and the report that he was in p<>--.^- 

 sion of the seat of (iovenimeiit, the Liberals of 

 the ports of Truxillo and Ceiba took possession 

 uf those places, and in various towns of the in- 

 terior they fought the officials and thelimern- 

 iiieiil faction, and were successful. When Bo- 

 nilla and Sierra were known to l>e in retreat, the 

 supporters of Vasquez regained control, except 

 in the southern country still occupied by the 

 ^evolutionary troops, and the eastern prov- 

 inces, where the Liberals long held out. Manuel 

 lionilla's force was defeated with heavy losses, 

 and he was wounded. Poneiano Leiva resinned 

 the presidency for the purpose of abdicating in 

 favor of the victorious Vasquez, who was pro- 



claimed Provisional President, with the powers 

 of a dictator. Before June all the towns and 

 departments were in the hands of the m-v. 

 eminent. The revolutionary army had disband- 

 ed, and the leaders were fugitives. 



In the beginning of November the American 

 steamship Costa Kica " put in at the Hondu- 

 ranian jx>rt of Amapala. lionilla was a passen- 

 ger, having embarked at a Nicaragua!) port fur 

 (Juatemala. Vail ila, commander of the port of 

 Amapala, demanded that he be surrendered to 

 stand trial on criminal c-harges. The captain 

 r.-1'used, and, getting up steam, stood out to sea. 

 liefore she got out of cannon range a do/en 

 shells were fired at the vessel and burst near her. 

 I'nik'd States Minister Young telegraphed on 

 Nov. 10 to the Minister of Foreign Affairs at 

 Tegucigalpa to inquire if the Government of 

 Honduras accepted the responsibility for the act. 

 Lopez, the Honduranian minister, replied, dis- 

 avowing the conduct of the officers, and offering 

 an apology, which was accepted. 



IDAHO, a Northwestern State, admitted to the 

 Union July 8, 1890; area, 84,800 square miles; 

 population, according to the census of 1890, 84,- 

 385. Capital, Boise City. 



Government. The following were the State 

 officers during the year: Governor, William J. 

 McConnell, Republican; Lieutenant-Governor, 

 Frank B. Willis ; Secretary of State, James P. 

 Curtis; Treasurer, William C. Hill; Auditor, 

 Frank C. Ramsey ; Attorney-General, G. M. 

 Parsons; Superintendent of Public Instruction, 

 B. B. Lower; Chief Justice of the Supreme 

 Court, Isaac N. Sullivan; Associate Justices, 

 Francis E. English, Thomas M. Stewart. 



Legislative Session. The second session of 

 the Legislature, which meets every other year, 

 began Jan. 2, and continued until the evening of 

 March 6. The delays brought about by the 

 Democrats and Populists in the Senate defeated 

 many important measures. By them a rule of 

 obstruction was inaugurated, and bills were held 

 back until the last days of the session, when it 

 had become too late to consider them in the 

 House. 



Among the bills held back was one reducing 

 the State tax levy from 85 cents to 65 cents on 

 the $100. The levy of 85 cents has already pro- 

 duced a surplus, and its continuance, with the 

 increasing assessment of the State, must neces- 

 sarily produce a surplus in the treasury which 

 will reach 25 per cent, of the total collection of 

 I axes : but by reason of the failure to pass a law 

 providing for the loaning of such funds, the pub- 

 lic will derive no benefit from the accumulation. 



Another bill that did not pass was one provid- 

 ing for a reapportionment of the representation 

 of the State. 



Much time was spent in the effort to pass a 

 general law providing for the division of coun- 

 ties and the removal of county seats. 



The Governor witheld his signature from a 

 bill that reduced the liquor license from $500 a 

 year in the larger towns to $800, making the cost 

 of license uniform in large and small towns. 



This bill was passed over the Governor's veto 

 in the Senate, but the House refused to act with 

 it. The Coeur d'Alene City School of Mines bill 

 an act providing for the establishment, loca- 

 tion, maintenance, and support of a scientific 

 school for the State of Idaho was not approved 

 because several of its provisions conflicted with 

 the State Constitution, and others were of doubt- 

 ful meaning. The act authorizing county com- 

 missioners to issue bonds for the purpose of re- 

 funding the indebtedness of their county was 

 held to give too much latitude to the commis- 

 sioners, and it therefore was not signed, nor was 

 the bill defining the property relations of hus- 

 band and wife. 



Just before the close of the session an appro- 

 priation bill to cover the State expenses for the 

 years 1893 and 1894 was rushed through the 

 Senate, and the House was forced to concur and 

 pass it without amendment. The law providing 

 for the organization, government, and powers of 

 cities and villages was the subject of prolonged 

 debate before its passage. The act was intended 

 to apply to Boise City as well as all other cities : 

 but it is by some asserted that Boise City has a 

 special charter which the repealing clause can 

 not affect. The age of consent was fixed at 

 fourteen years. Until this year Mormons in 

 Idaho have been deprived of the right to vote. 

 Much litigation and much legislation has arisen 

 from this c-mdition of things, but during this 

 session a bill was passed enfranchising them 

 without conditions. 



Among other bills passed are these: 



1'rovidinp for internal improvement i'1'tlie State l<y 

 the construction of a system of wairon roads in the 

 counties of Hoist'-, Custer, I.emhi. Idaho. Sho.hoiif. 

 Kooti iitii, Latnh.atul Nc/ I'crees, uiul providing fumls 

 for tin- construction of tins system of nmils l>y 

 Huancc of a series of l>oiuls to the amount of $135.000. 



Appropriating $80,000 for the Idaho exhibit at the 

 World's Fair. 



Ori:ani7.inir I.ewiston State Normal Co! 



Ki .jtiiriiiL' the sheritl to select only ftona //< citi- 

 zens, residents of his county, to serve nuapotte in 



