674 



ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH. 



ence of the Pope, opposed the secularization of 

 the Sabbath, proclaimed that "only the school 

 bell and the church bell can prolong the echo of 

 the liberty bell," and concluded with the words of 

 Mgr. Satolli : " Forward ! in one hand the gospel 

 of Christ, and in the other the Constitution of 

 the United States." 



The fourth Colored Catholic Congress was 

 held in the same building at the same time, and 

 the report of the committee appointed to inquire 

 into the question of discrimination among the 

 clergy on account of color, especially at the 

 South, upheld the charge, and an address was 

 adopted protesting against such departure from 

 the teachings of the Church and demanding 

 everywhere the same consideration and equality 

 as exhibited by the Catholic Congress in making 

 the colored convention a part of itself. During 

 the same week conventions of Catholic editors, 

 Catholic young men's unions, German Catholic 

 guilds, and St. Vincent de Paul conferences 

 were also held. 



Catholic Summer School. This project 

 ceased to be an experiment and became a per- 

 manency after a very successful session at Lake 

 Champlain extending from July 15 to Aug. 6. 

 The New York State Board of Regents granted 

 it a charter Feb. 9, classifying it in the system 

 devoted to university extension. Land has been 

 secured in the neighborhood of Plattsburg, and 

 a $30,000 building fund is being raised. 



The Bedemptorist Order, denied a foothold 

 in the diocese of Brooklyn under Bishop Lough- 

 lin, secured the permission of Bishop McDon- 

 nell, his successor, to build its first house in 

 South Brooklyn. 



Important hierarchal changes were made May 

 13 in the appointment of Bishop Kain, of Wheel- 

 ing, as coadjutor to Archbishop Kenrick, of 

 St. Louis; the promotion of Bishop Hennessy, of 

 Dubuque, to the rank of archbishop, and the 

 translation of Bishop Burke, of Cheyenne, to the 

 see of St. Joseph, and Bishop Rademacher, from 

 Nashville to Fort Wayne. 



The Rev. Edward McGlynn, D. D., completed 

 his reconciliation with the Roman authorities by 

 a visit to the Vatican in June. 



Bishop McNierney, of Albany, was made a 

 member of the State Board of Regents by the 

 New York Legislature, the first direct recogni- 

 tion of the Catholic hierarchy in the membership 

 of that body. 



Jubilees. The centenary of the founding of 

 the New Orleans Cathedral was celebrated 

 April 25. Cardinal Gibbons's silver jubilee, 

 which fell on Aug. 16, was honored magnifi- 

 cently Oct. 18. The other silver jubilees cele- 

 brated were : Bishop McCloskey, Louisville, May 

 24 ; Bishop McQuaid, Rochester, and Bishop 

 O'Hara, Scran ton, July 12 ; Bishop Mullen, Erie, 

 Aug. 2 ; Bishop Becker, Savannah, Aug. 16 ; 

 Bishop Hogan, Kansas City, Sept. 13; Bishop 

 Ryan, Buffalo, Nov. 8. Bishop Watterson's 

 priestly jubilee was celebrated Aug. 8. Great 

 demonstrations were occasioned by the golden 

 jubilee of the dioceses of Pittsburg and Little 

 Rock. 



France. A better state of feeling between 

 Church and state and the priests and people 

 pervaded France during 1893 than in many 

 years. There were but a few discordant inci- 



dents. One was the insistence of the Govern- 

 ment on a say in the naming of the successor of 

 Cardinal Lavigerie and the Vatican's denial of 

 that right unless provision was made by France 

 for the support of the African hierarchy. The 

 matter remains an open question. The neutral 

 school policy was questioned by a great Catholic 

 meeting at the Champs Elysees, Paris, and an 

 organization was formed to restore religion as a 

 necessary part of instruction in the free schools. 

 Leo XIII, while favoring the public system and 

 deprecating anything calculated to injure it, ap- 

 proved of the propaganda in so far as it aimed at 

 the recognition of religion as the basis of morality. 



The general policy of the Vatican toward the 

 republic remained unchanged notwithstanding 

 the powerful opposition of Cardinal Kopp in 

 Germany, and the royalists in France. On the 

 eve of the general election Leo XIII addressed 

 another letter to the French bishops and people, 

 urging an earnest interest in the duties of citizen- 

 ship and a cordial support of the existing insti- 

 tution. One result of this was the largest popu- 

 lar vote, although Count de Mun, one of the 

 most ardent supporters of the Pope's conciliatory 

 policy, was among the defeated. The nucleus 

 of a legislative Catholic Republican party was 

 returned. Pope Leo announced to the French 

 pilgrims that he would signalize his regard for 

 France at the close of his jubilee year by canon- 

 izing Joan of Arc. 



The French Government in April restored all 

 the rights and stipends of 8 prelates who had 

 been cut off in consequence of their avowals of 

 hostility to the republic, making Archbishop 

 Gouthe-Soulard of Aix, who had been tried and 

 fined for insubordination, the only exception. 

 Cardinal Langenieux was in June made Arch- 

 bishop of Rennes, and the Bishop of Bayeux 

 promoted Archbishop of Lyons. A great Catho- 

 lic congress was held in Besan9on in March, at 

 which the main topic of discussion was the labor 

 question. It was resolved to organize clubs of 

 Catholic workmen to counteract the anarchistic 

 propaganda, with the encyclical of Leo XIII for 

 a platform, such organizations taking the initia- 

 tive in all movements for the improvement of 

 social conditions. Count de Mun made an elo- 

 quent address, the theme of which was that such 

 work carried on under the auspices of the Church, 

 as it should be, would redeem France from in- 

 fidelity and faction and save her for God and 

 civilization. 



Great Britain and Ireland. Catholicity in 

 England, according to the London " Court Jour- 

 nal," is receiving accessions from the Church of 

 England, especially " the clergymen and literary 

 men and women of some means, not in single 

 files, but in battalions," and "there has not been 

 a more decided movement toward Rome in 

 years." The discussion on " Hell " caused by 

 Prof. St. George Mivart's application of evolu- 

 tionary theories to the subject, after involving 

 nearly all the leading English-speaking theolo- 

 gians for more than a year, was finally ended by 

 a Roman decree unfavorable to Mivart's articles, 

 and their author, over his own name, in Decem- 

 ber, publicly acquiesced in the judgment. 



The Census of 1891, completed and issued 

 this year, shows an increase of Catholic priests 

 in ten years of from 2,089 to 2,511. 



