ARCHEOLOGY. 



19 



the stamp of nobility. Some persons supposed 

 that the impression belonged to the Countess 

 Hildegarde, great-grandmother of the Emperor 

 Frederic Barbarossa, who founded the church 

 about A. D. 1087, but reasons appeared which 

 made this identification improbable; and it has 

 been ascribed with more plausibility to Hilde- 



FIG. 2. CAST OF AN IMPRESSION OF A WOMAN'S BODY 

 OF THE ELEVENTH CENTURY, DISCOVERED IN A SE- 

 PULCHRAL CRYPT IN THE CHURCH OF SAINTE-FOY, 



SCHLETTSTADT, ALSACE. 



garde's daughter Adelaide. Its existence is ac- 

 counted for by referring to the plague which 

 ravaged Alsace toward the end of the eleventh 

 century, and from which Hildegarde, her son 

 Conrad, and her daughter Adelaide died. It is 

 supposed that the deceased was encased in mor- 

 tar previous to burial as a prophylactic against 

 the spread of the malady, and that the plaster, 

 hardening quickly, took the impression of her 

 figure and preserved it, after the body had de- 

 cayed. There are apparent evidences of haste 

 in the disposition of the corpse, in the position 

 of the head, which has sunken, the condition of 

 the left side, and the distortion of the nose. The 

 lower part of the figure was not recovered, hav- 

 ing been broken up by the tools of the excavators. 

 Grecian. At Athens, Dr. Dorpfeld, of the 

 German school, has suggested, on the basis of a 

 recent discovery he has made, a rectification of 

 the accepted geography of the ancient city. 

 Thucydides (II, 15) describes the ancient city as 

 situated on the Acropolis and most directly 

 south under it, and places here, too, the foun- 

 tain Enneakrounos, or Callirhoe. Pausanias, too, 

 in his tour of the city, mentions the Ennea- 

 krounos next after the Odeum, and as if close 

 to the Areopagus. According to the universal 

 acceptation, however, this fountain was by the 

 Ilissus, southeast of the Acropolis, and far from 

 its gateway. Dr. Dorpfeld has now discovered 



a natural spring in the museum, or hill south of 

 the Areopagus, with deep artificial hollows in 

 the rock to gather the water, which flowed hence 

 into the limnce or basins. He has come upon 

 traces of an old sanctuary to Dionysus in the 

 long inscription of the lo Bacchoi, set up in 

 Roman times within the sanctuary ; he has un- 

 covered the stone lenos or winepress, a square 

 trough with an exit for the juice into a large 

 terra-cotta vessel; and he hasj found the great 

 water conduits of the Pisistratida?, leading to 

 this spot, tunneled through the rocks in the 

 same fashion as the contemporary conduit of 

 Polycrates at Samos. 



The excavations of the site of the Hera?on, 

 near Mycense and Argos, begun by the Ameri- 

 can school in 1892, have been carried on through 

 three seasons. The explorations on the site of 

 the older temple of which nothing was visible 

 save a few layers of the Cyclopean retaining 

 wall supporting the platform on which it was 

 built revealed a pavement of large polygonal 

 slabs, about 45 metres long by 35 broad, cover- 

 ing a considerable portion of the terrace sup- 

 ported by the Cyclopean retaining wall ; but on 

 foundations or other clews were found to make 

 it possible to say whether the pavement lay in 

 front of the temple or supported its columns. 

 Beneath a certain line of a piece of wall that 

 apparently formed a part of the substructure of 

 the cella, 'in a position implying that they an- 

 tedated the erection of the temple, were found 

 fragments of primitive pottery, bronzes,- rudely 

 engraved stones, beads of glass and bones, " a 

 very curious bronze goat," and other articles, 

 the metal objects seeming to have been melted. 

 On clearing the site of the later temple, the sub- 

 structure was found preserved throughout its 

 entire circuit, and displaying the plan and out- 

 line of the building. The superstructure had 

 been wholly destroyed. Enough of the frag- 

 ments, however, remain from all parts of the 

 building to make a fairly accurate idea possible 

 of its construction and architectural features. 

 It was a Doric peripteral hexastyle, with 12 

 columns on the planes, and a stereobate measur- 

 ing 39-60 by 19*94 metres. The columns were of 

 Poros stone, with a fluting of twenty channels, 

 and the echinus of the capital showing a delicate 

 convex curve. The entablature was also of Poros 

 stone, with the exception of the triglyphs, which, 

 as well as the pediments, were of black marble. 

 The sculptures in the metopes and pediments 

 were of Parian marble. The clearance of the 

 structures around this temple formed the princi- 

 pal task of the operations of the season of 1894. 

 Beneath the Cyclopean wall were found vestiges 

 of buildings of a very remote antiquity, a stoa 

 with at least 19 pillars, some of which were in situ, 

 and with bases of statues which once occupied it, 

 and a curious system of water works at its west- 

 ern end ; two large rectangular buildings, one of 

 which is ascribed to the sixth century B. c. ; an- 

 other stoa ; a tunnel cut through the rock of the 

 mountain side, and two tombs similar to those 

 of Mycena3. Hundreds of works of primitive 

 art terra-cotta figurines, plaques, and images 

 of animals, bronze statuettes, rings, pins, beads, 

 scarabs, seals of glass, amber, or porcelain, many 

 of them Phoenician or Egyptian in type were 

 recovered ; and besides these, fragments of 



