AUSTRIA-HUNGARY. 



67 



After the arrest of the 2 murderers of Mrya 

 the secretary of the Young Czech committee in 

 the Bohemian Diet, Anton Cesik, was arrested 

 on being charged by them with supplying them 

 with money. There were 71 persons arrested 

 altogether. The trial began in Prague on Jan. 

 15. 1894. It was held in chambers, and the pre- 

 siding judge gave offense to the friends of the 

 accused by ordering that they should not be 

 admitted in the usual number, which is fixed 

 by law at 3 for each prisoner. The head of the 

 (Omladina was a youth of nineteen, named 

 Holzbach, and few of the accused were over 

 twenty-four. They bore themselves insolently 

 and defiantly. There were 14 accused of high 

 treason ; others simply of riotous demonstra- 

 tions or membership in a secret society. When 

 the judge refused the request of the prisoners 

 that their friends should visit them in jail they 

 loudly protested, and were only forced back into 

 their cells with bayonets amid the stormy pro- 

 tests of the public. Turmoil arose again on 

 the following day because armed constables 

 were posted in the court room, and while the 

 prisoners bared their breasts and called on the 

 gendarmes to shoot and stab them, their counsel 

 threw up their case and the trial was inter- 

 rupted. The proceedings came to a close on 

 Feb. 21, when those found guilty of illegal asso- 

 ciation or breaches of the peace were sentenced 

 to hard labor for seven or more months, and 

 those convicted of high treason, leze majesty, or 

 other serious offenses, for periods varying from 

 two and a half to eight years. Dolezal and 

 Dragoun, the murderers of the informer Mrva, 

 were tried in March, convicted by their own 

 admissions, and sentenced to ten years' imprison- 

 ment ; while Cesik and others, charged with 

 complicity, were, with one exception, acquitted. 

 Omladina societies continued to exist and to 

 grow, in spite of the efforts of the police to sup- 

 press them. On May 24 a large meeting was 

 held secretly in the village of Lomnitz. The 

 Young Czechs, under the spur of the Omladina, 

 drifted farther away from the Old Czechs, as- 

 sumed under the lead of Dr. Gregr an attitude 

 of bitter hostility toward the coalition ministry, 

 and offered to assist the laboring classes to at- 

 tain the political privileges and the amelioration 

 in their social position that they desire. 



Hungary. The Hungarian Parliament con- 

 sists of a House of Magnates and a House of 

 Representatives. The Magnates, under the re- 

 form act of 1885, are the 19 princes of the blood 

 of full age. 54 Roman and Greek Catholic, Prot- 

 estant, and Jewish ecclesiastical dignitaries, the 

 10 bannerets of the kingdom, the Count of Pres- 

 burg. the 2 keepers of "the crown, the 2 presi- 

 dents of the Royal Bench, the Governor of 

 Fiume, the President of the Royal Table at 

 Buda-Pesth, 3 delegates of the Diet of Croatia- 

 Slavonia, 7 princes, 151 counts, and 36 barons 

 who are hereditary peers by virtue of paying 3,000 

 florins of land taxes, and*17 life members. The 

 House of Representatives has 453 members, of 

 whom 413 are elected for five years by the elec- 

 toral colleges of the counties and towns of Hun- 

 gary and Transylvania, and 40 are elected for the 

 session by the Diet of Croatia-Slavonia from 

 among its own members. The electorate em- 

 braces all male citizens over twenty years of age 



who pay certain small land, house, or income 

 taxes or possess certain intellectual qualifications. 



The Cabinet, in the beginning of 1894, was 

 composed as follows: President of the Council 

 and Minister of Finance, Dr. Alexander Wekerle, 

 appointed Nov. 19, 1892; Minister of National 

 Defense, Baron Geza Fejervary ; Minister near 

 the King, Count Louis Tisza ; Minister of the 

 Interior, Charles de Hieronymi ; Minister of Jus- 

 tice, Desiderius de Szilagyi ; Minister of Com- 

 merce, B. de Lucacs; Minister of Worship and 

 Public Instruction, Count A. Csaky ; Minister of 

 Agriculture. Count Andreas Bethlen ; Minister 

 for Croatia and Slavonia, Emerich de Josipovich. 



Finance. The ordinary revenue for 1891 was 

 403,333,000 florins, and the ordinary expenditure 

 377,877,000 florins. The transitory and extraor- 

 dinary revenue was 83,321.000 florins, and the 

 expenditure 108.306,000 florins, making the total 

 revenue 486,654,000 florins, and expenditure 486,- 

 183,000 florins. For 1894 the ordinary revenue 

 is estimated at 416,608,097 florins, of which 289,- 

 541,012 are taken in by the Ministry of Finance, 

 104,351,996 by the Ministry of Commerce, 15,- 

 543,360 by the Ministry of Agriculture, 1,337,748 

 by the Ministry of Education and Worship, and 

 3,"602.001 are from state debts. The estimate of 

 ordinary expenditure is 394,532,835 florins, of 

 which 126.941,363 are for the national debt, 70,- 

 824,062 for the Ministry of Commerce, 67,694,963 

 .for the Ministry of Finance, 26,278,772 for the 

 common expenditure of the empire, 15,960,034 

 for the Ministry of Agric ulture, 14,872,139 for 

 the Ministry of Justice, 13,797,861 for the Min- 

 istry of National Defense, 13,670,807 for railroad 

 debts assumed by the state, 13,304,360 for the 

 Ministry of the Interior, 8,681,659 for the Min- 

 istry of Worship and Instruction, 7,608,193 for 

 pensions, 7,159.702 for the administration of 

 Croatia, and 4,650,000 for the civil list. The 

 transitory revenue is estimated at 48,395,898 

 florins, making the total revenue 465,003,942 

 florins. The transitory expenditure is estimated 

 at 47,576,883, investments at 16,351,972, and ex- 

 traordinary common expenditure at 6,530,561 

 florins, making the total expenditure 469,992,- 

 554 florins. The special public debt of Hungary 

 amounts to 2,218,719,000 florins. 



The Civil-marriage Bill. The introduction 

 of a bill making civil marriage compulsory, as it 

 is in France and other European countries, cre- 

 ated a great ferment and dislocation of parties. 

 The Catholic bishops, who had already struggled 

 in vain against a measure that denied the right 

 of a parent in a mixed marriage to bring up the 

 children in the Catholic faith, issued a pastoral 

 declaring the proposal relating to marriage to 

 be opposed to the sacramental character and in- 

 dissolubility of Christian marriage, and an in- 

 fringement of the divinely appointed jurisdic- 

 tion of the Church, which endangered Catholic 

 dogma, liberty of conscience, the free practice of 

 religion, and the interests of the people. The 

 Catholic aristocracy, in their opposition to the 

 measure and to the bourgeois ministry that pro- 

 posed it, incited by the Protestants, the irre- 

 ligious, and the newly emancipated Jews, were 

 moved by social and 'political as well as by re- 

 ligious considerations. Count Julius Szapary, 

 the former Prime Minister, Count Alexander 

 Andrassy, and other noblemen broke away from 



