138 



CITIES, AMERICAN. (HoT SPRINGS.) 



135,000,000 feet of lumber were manufactured. 

 There are extensive sawmills, and also planing 

 mills, sash, door, and blind manufactories, found- 

 ries, machine shops, furniture, barrel, and kit, 

 tub, and beer-keg factories, others of brooms and 

 soap, with a large bakery and candy factories, 

 while mineral waters from medicinal springs are 

 bottled for exportation. Water works of the 



19,296 persons daily, allowing 25 gallons for 

 each bath. They are thoroughly impregnated 

 with free carbonic acid, and contain various car- 

 bonates in solution. In the hottest springs an 

 egg can be cooked in fifteen minutes, and the 

 temperature varies in all from 105 to 158 F. 

 All the springs on the east side of the creek, 

 flowing from the mountain, are hot, with one 



Holly system supply the city and also Fort How- exception, and all on the west side are cold, ex 

 ard through 30 miles of mains, the source of cepting the alum spring. Most of the springs 

 supply being artesian wells 950 feet deep. There are covered with stone and cemented, and the 



are 6 miles of cedar-block paving and 6^ miles 

 of electric street railway, 1 paid fire department, 

 2 daily and 5 weekly newspapers, 13 churches, 

 2 national banks, each capitalized at $100,000. 

 In addition to 6 public-school buildings, includ- 

 ing a new high school, there are 5 large fine 

 parochial-school structures, belonging to the 

 Catholics and Lutherans. 



Hot Springs, a city of Arkansas, the county 

 seat of Garland County, in a narrow valley of 

 the Ozark mountains, about 1,000 yards in 

 length, 55 miles southwest of Little Rock, and 

 22 miles by rail from Malvern, the junction of 



HOT SPRINGS RESERVATION, MAIN ENTRANCE. 



the St. Louis, Iron Mountain and Southern and 

 tin; Hot Springs Railroads. The Hot Springs 

 and Chautauquan and th<> Hot Springs and 

 Mountain View I Jail roads are short local lines. 

 The springs, whose, healing qualities were known 



water is conveyed from them through iron pipes 

 to the Government tanks and bathing houses in 

 the valley. The city proper has an elevation of 

 427 feet above sea level. It had a population of 

 3,854 in 1880, and in 1890 of 8,086. It is now 

 estimated at 15,000. The regular visiting popu- 

 lation is from 5,000 to 10,000. Yearly there are 

 over 100,000 visitors. The 20 bath houses at the 

 Hot Springs were built at a cost ranging from 

 $10,000 to $50,000 each, but 6 of them are with- 

 out the borders of the Government reservation. 

 Settlements were made here at various times 

 from 1808, and claims were established. All 

 these were disallowed by 

 the Supreme Court of the' 

 United States, and in 

 1877 commissioners were 

 appointed to settle the 

 right of possession and 

 purchase between the in- 

 dividual citizens who had 

 established residences up- 

 on the reservation, num- 

 bering at that date 4,000. 

 Only one of the numerous 

 hotels is on the Govern- 

 ment property. It is in 

 the northwest corner of 

 the reservation, on the 

 main street of the city, 

 and a peculiar feature is 

 the series of iron bridge- 

 ways from every floor to 

 the roads and drives of 

 Hot Springs mountain, 

 over which invalids can 

 be wheeled directly in 

 chairs, which are availa- 

 ble also as fire escapes. 

 It cost $550,000. An- 

 other has 520 guest rooms, 

 and has an observatory 

 tower nearly 200 feet 

 high, while the main 



halls, 12 feet wide, form grand promenades of 

 675 feet each in length. In the southwest cor- 

 ner of the reservation stand the handsome build- 

 ings of the United States Army and Navy Hos- 

 pital. Much has been done by the Government 



to the Indians before the exploration party sent toward beautifying Hot Springs mountain; a 

 out under Dunbar and Hunter by President Jef- new entrance has been built, and at intervals 

 son, issue from t| 1( , western slope of Hot driveways and walks lead from it, embracing the 

 Springs mountain at an elevation of 700 to 800 whole mountain. A line of electric street rail- 

 feet, most of them hem- from 30 to 75 feet way extends along Central Avenue. In all 

 hove the level of the valley, and a few near the there are about 8 milesof horse and motor street 

 lot Springs creek. There are 72, all railway. The water works and sewerage system 



of the city are especially fine, the former having 

 a capacity of 2,250,000 gallons daily. Three 



within the limits of a United States Government 



reservation. The waters are nearly all concen- 

 trated in large air-tight tanks built by the United 



i lar-e air-tight tanks built by the United daily and 6 weekly papers are published, also 1 

 States Government, and are capable of bathing monthly. There are 3 banks, 17 churches, 15 



