146 



COLORADO. 



graph Company, $35,380; Colorado Telephone 

 Company, $182,684; Pullman Car Company, 

 $289,938. 



The State had issued, by the beginning of 

 1894, several hundred thousand dollars of excess 

 warrants of different years. The State Uni- 

 versity held $22,645 of excess warrants, $3,600 

 was due the permanent internal improvement 

 fund upon them, $1,200 to the income fund, 

 and nearly $500.000 to the State investment 

 fund. The school fund also had warrants to the 

 amount of $440,517. 



15 jinks. Reports from the 51 national banks 

 in Colorado on May 4, 1894, showed loans and 

 discounts amounting to $22,152,653 ; stocks, se- 

 curities, etc., $1,530,615; lawful money reserve, 

 $4,476,062, of which $2,831,143 was gold, $84,- 

 530 gold certificates, $152,549 silver dollars, 

 $49,887 silver Treasury certificates, and $67,034 

 silver fractional coin. Total resources, $39,445,- 

 899. The aggregate surplus fund was $2,294,- 

 247, and the individual deposits $21,160,817. 

 The average reserve held was 38'32 per cent. 



The statement made in August as to the 29 

 banks other than national shows them to be in 

 good condition. 



Education. Following is the report of the 

 schools for 1893 : 



Cash received $2,785,376 92 



Cash paid out 2,424.842 53 



Value of school property B,S61,018 00 



Assessed valuation of State property. . 224,069,951 50 



Semiannual appropriation ot State 

 - - -dy,: 



55,850 54 



73 00 



49 00 

 3,081 

 46,676 

 27,335 

 3,815 



school fund in July, 1893. . . . 

 Average salary of teachers of graded 



schools, per month 



Average salary of teachers of rural 



schools, per month 



Pupils enrolled In high schools 



In graded schools below high schools. 



Enrolled in rural schools 



Enrolled in private schools 



School population between six and 



twenty-one years of age 116,119 



This does not include Huerfano, Conejos, and 

 San Juan Counties. 



The school census for 1894 gives the school 

 population as 114,479, a loss since that of 1893 

 of 1,640. 



The educational exhibits of the State received 

 29 prizes from the Bureau of Awards of the 

 Columbian Exposition. 



The observatory given to Colorado College by 

 Henry R. Wolcott was dedicated June 11. The 

 building, which cost $3,000, stands at the south- 

 west corner of the college grounds, and is a 

 substantial structure of red sandstone. The 

 main lecture room has a capacity for 50 stu- 

 dents. On the roof is an open-air lecture room. 



Agriculture. Out of 371 exhibits of agri- 

 cultural products at the Columbian Exposition, 

 81 special premiums were given to Colorado, 

 covering wheat, oats, rye, barley, potatoes, flax, 

 seeds, plants, flowers, grasses, wool, woods, and 

 soil. The wheat exhibit alone received 25. For 

 at least a decade the value of the product of 

 Colorado farms has equaled, and in some years 

 exceeded, the value of the output of Colorado 

 mines. The 12,000 miles of irrigation ditches in 

 the State render arable 5,000,000 acres of land, of 

 which, in round numbers, nearly 2,000,000 acres 

 are actually cultivated. The cost of irrigation 

 for a season ranges from $1 to $1.50 an acre. 

 The official average of wheat is 23 bushels per 



acre. Oats and barley yield from 35 to 50 bush- 

 els to the acre, and returns of from 60 to 75 are 

 not infrequent. Potatoes yield from 100 to 400 

 bushels per acre. Alfalfa yields from 3 to 6 tons 

 per acre, and is the favorite forage crop. Clover 

 yields 3 tons an acre, and timothy a trifle less. 

 l)airy farming is profitable, the local demand 

 for butter never yet having been met. Colorado 

 is annually sending to other States about $1,000,- 

 000 for dairy products, $1,500,000 for pork sup- 

 plies, over $1,000,000 for poultry produce, and 

 considerably over $1,000,000 for fruits. 



State Institutions. The school at Colorado 

 Springs for the deaf and the blind has about 

 100 children. The deaf mutes receive instruc- 

 tion by the " combined method," which, while 

 holding to the sign language and manual alpha- 

 bet, undertakes to give speech and lip reading 

 to such of the children as show aptitude therefor. 



A difficulty arose in December, 1893, in refer- 

 ence to the management of the State Peni- 

 tentiary. Charges were preferred by the late 

 matron against the warden, to the effect that he 

 had ordered the cell doors in the women's de- 

 partment to be left open at night, to the preju- 

 dice of discipline and the endangering of the 

 lives of prisoners in fights with one another; 

 that he had refused a guard to the matron, 

 whose life had been threatened by prisoners, 

 etc. The warden and matron were summoned 

 before the Governor, who heard their state- 

 ments, found the warden guilty of malfeasance 

 in office, declared him removed, and appointed a 

 successor. The matron and the deputy warden, 

 a son-in-law of the Governor, had previously 

 been discharged by the warden. Finding after- 

 ward that he had transcended the limit of his 

 powers under the law, the Governor sent an 

 order to reinstate the former warden, but the 

 warden had already retaken his place. 



Charges having also been made against one of 

 the Penitentiary commissioners, he was removed 

 by the Governor in December, who held that 

 one of the charges was sustained that he had 

 illegally kept in his bank, without interest, a 

 large sum of money (about $20,000) belonging 

 to the prison funds. Notwithstanding the Gov- 

 ernor's order, the commissioner continued to sit 

 with the board. Later, other charges were made 

 against him and two other commissioners. The 

 Governor investigated, and found them guilty 

 of appointing a detective to act and receive pay 

 without any authority of law, and also of pa- 

 roling Penitentiary prisoners transferred from 

 Penitentiary to reformatory, and so paroling 

 them that they received an absolute release 

 from imprisonment, in advance of the time 

 when their sentences would have expired. He 

 therefore adjudged them guilty of unwarranted 

 assumption and exercise of power, amounting 

 to malfeasance in office, and declared them re- 

 moved. 



Railroads. The new Midland Terminal was 

 finished in December, 1893, by the completion 

 of the Busk-Ivanhoe tunnel. Its elevation is 

 10.800 feet above sea level. The bore is about 

 10,000 feet in length, and it cost about $1,000,- 

 000. Two hundred men were employed, and 

 nearly 3,000,000 feet of lumber were used in 

 construction. The tunnel enables the Colorado 

 Midland to avoid the climb over Hagerman. 



