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ILLINOIS. 



INDIA. 



363 



ment giving the Legislature authority to regu- 

 late the relations between corporations and their 

 employees, was submitted to the people at the 

 same election and was adopted. The elections 

 held at the same time in the several congressional 

 districts resulted in the choice of 20 Republicans 

 and 2 Democrats. 



Judicial Election. On June 4 a successor 

 to Justice Shope, of the State Supreme Court, 

 was chosen by popular election in the Fourth Ju- 

 dicial District, embracing the counties of Adams, 

 Brown, Cass, Fulton, Hancock, Mason, Menard, 

 Morgan, Pike, Schuyler, and Scott. At a con- 

 vention at Jacksonville, on March 28, the 

 Democrats nominated Oscar P. Bonney as their 

 candidate, while at a later date the Republicans 

 in convention at the same place nominated Jo- 

 seph N. Carter. The district was considered 

 strongly Democratic, the plurality of President 

 Cleveland therein in 1892 being nearly 7,000; 

 but the Republican candidate secured a majority 

 of over 4,000 in his favor. 



Chicago. At the local election in April the 

 Republicans elected a majority of the city coun- 

 cil. The proposition for the annexation of Ev- 

 anstown and Morgan Park to the city was car- 

 ried by over 20,000 majority. 



The Pullman Strike. In May a strike was 

 inaugurated at the works of the Pullman Palace 

 Car Company, at Pullman, near Chicago, which 

 at length developed into the greatest contest be- 

 tween labor and capital ever undertaken in the 

 United States. It originated in a movement by 

 the Pullman employees for higher wages, which 

 the car company claimed to be unable to grant. 

 After the strike had continued se\ eral weeks at 

 the Pullman works, with no prospect of success, 

 the leaders decided to extend it to the railroads, 

 which on demand had refused to cease running 

 Pullman cars with their trains. With the ex- 

 ception of the engineers, who had a brotherhood 

 of their own, nearly all the railroad employees 

 of the West had already been organized into an 

 association called the American Railway Union, 

 of which Eugene V. Debs was president. This 

 association now came to the front, and the con- 

 test became a test of strength between it and 

 the association of railroad officials known as the 

 Railway General Managers' Association. The 

 first step taken by the union was on June 26, 

 when it ordered out all its men employed on the 

 Illinois Central Railroad. This was quickly fol- 

 lowed by orders affecting other roads, so that by 

 June 28 11 railroads centering at Chicago had 

 been affected, besides a large number of roads 

 extending throughout the West, including the 

 Southern Pacific, Northern Pacific, and Santa 

 Fe systems. Before July 1 railroad traffic was 

 almost entirely suspended in the State as well as 

 throughout the West and South. 



Political. At the November election this 

 year a State Treasurer, a State Superintendent 

 of Public Instruction, and trustees of the State 

 University were to be chosen, as well as half of 

 the Senate and all the Assembly of 1895. The 

 nominating convention of the Prohibition party 

 met at Bloomington on May 4 and selected the 

 following candidates : For Treasurer, Howell J. 

 Puterbaugh; for Superintendent of Public In- 

 struction, N. T. Edwards ; for Trustees, Mrs. R. M. 

 Atchison, Mrs. A. N. Sanford, and Charles A. 



Merritt. In accordance with a recent practice in 

 the State, the convention also nominated a can- 

 didate for the United States Senate who should 

 receive the support of the party members in the 

 next Legislature. J. G. Evans was selected for 

 this honor. The platform demands the suppres- 

 sion of the manufacture and sale of liquor, woman 

 suffrage, equal wages for men and women, a non- 

 partisan tariff commission, the unlimited coinage 

 of gold and silver money issued direct by the 

 Government, postal savings banks, no bonds in 

 time of peace, extension of the civil service, a 

 just pension system, amendment of the immi- 

 gration laws. It opposes alien possession of 

 lands and acquisition of lands by monopolies ; 

 favors forfeiture of railway grants; demands 

 suppression of trusts ; favors compulsory educa- 

 tion and free text-books ; opposes a division of 

 the school funds ; and demands one day's rest in 

 seven. 



The Populist State Convention was held at 

 Springfield on May 29, and resulted in the nomi- 

 nation of John F. Randolph for State Treasurer, 

 Miss Lavina Roberts for Superintendent of Pub- 

 lic Instruction, and John C. Tanquary, T. B. 

 Rhinehart, and H. M. Gilbert for Trustees. The 

 platform favors legislation to regulate contracts 

 and relations between corporations and their 

 employees; demands that all mortgages, notes, 

 and bonds bear the assessor's stamp under penalty 

 of forfeiture of half to the State ; favors woman 

 suffrage, and equal pay with men to women do- 

 ing the same work ; that the State publish school 

 books and furnish them at net cost ; demands 

 the punishment of all officials attempting to in- 

 terfere with free speech, free press, or free public 

 assemblage ; demands that the accumulations of 

 State funds be covered into the treasury ; con- 

 demns the existence of boards of trade dealing 

 in options on the necessities of life, and demands 

 their abolition. 



INDIA, an empire in southern Asia depend- 

 ent on the British Crown and governed under 

 general acts of the British Parliament by a Gov- 

 ernor-General instructed by the Secretary of 

 State for India, a British Cabinet minister. The 

 budget, framed by the Indian Government, is 

 passed upon each year by the British Parliament 

 after examination by the Council of the Secre- 

 tary of State. The Governor-General, or Vice- 

 roy, has a Council, consisting of the heads of the 

 Departments of Finance and Commerce, the Inte- 

 rior, Revenue and Agriculture. Military Adminis- 

 tration, Legislation, and Public Works. Foreign 

 relations are under the immediate direction of 

 the Viceroy. The Viceroy's Council, assisted by 

 10 to 16 additional members for making laws and 

 regulations, form the Legislative Council. Of 

 the additional members, a certain proportion 

 are recommended by local bodies. The present 

 Governor-General is the Earl of Elgin and Kin- 

 cardine, born May 16, 1849, who succeeded the 

 Marquis of Lansdowne on Jan. 27, 1894. 



Area and Population. The area of British 

 India is 964,993 square miles. The population 

 on Feb. 26, 1891, was 221,172,952. The feuda- 

 tory and native states have an area of 595,167 

 square miles, and had a population of 66,050,479 

 persons in 1891, making the total area of India 

 1,560,160 square miles, and the total population 

 287,223,431. The average density is 184 per 



