382 



IOWA. 



ITALY. 



at the rate of 16 to 1, opposed the issue of United 

 States bonds upon any pretext whatever, de- 

 clared that there should be no discrimination on 

 account of rank in the payment of pensions, 

 and that the people should have the power to 

 propose legislation as well as to vote directly 

 upon all general laws passed by legislative bodies. 

 They declared opposition to an increase of rail- 

 road rates in Iowa, and demanded a maximum 

 two-cent passenger rate and a mileage book good 

 on all roads. The ticket follows : For Secretary 

 of State, Sylvanus B. Crane; Auditor, J. Bel- 

 langee ; Treasurer, Aaron Brown ; Judge of Su- 

 preme Court, C. C. Cole; Judge of Supreme 

 Court, to fill vacancy, J. E. Anderson ; Attor- 

 ney-General, A. W. C. Weeks; Railway Com- 

 missioner, W. W. Pattee ; Clerk of the Supreme 

 Court, Charles B. Faber ; Reporter of the Su- 

 preme Court, J. J. Shea. 



At the State Convention of the Prohibition 

 party, at Des-Moines, June 26, the following 

 ticket was nominated: For Secretary of State, 

 Bennett Mitchell; Auditor, C. H. Gordon; 

 Treasurer, Mrs. A. B. McMurray ; Attorney- 

 General, W. A. McGinnis; Justice of the Su- 

 preme Court, J. W. Rogers; Clerk of the Su- 

 preme Court, M. W. Atwood ; Reporter of the 

 Supreme Court, Mrs. M. H. Dunham ; Railroad 

 Commissioner, Malcolm Smith. 



The resolutions declared in reference to the 

 liquor trade, as follows : 



The Federal Government should immediately re- 

 peal the internal-revenue laws and prohibit the manu- 

 facture and sale of alcoholic liquors in the Territories 

 and the District of Columbia, and should forbid their 

 importation, exportation, and transportation. 



The so-called Mulct Law enacted at the demand of 

 the liquor power is an outrage upon the moral citi- 

 zenship of the State, and the proposition to resubtnit 

 the prohibitory amendment a mendacious political 

 trick to palliate that outrage ; and while we condemn 

 the trick of its submission, we declare that we will do 

 all we can for the adoption of the prohibitory amend- 

 ment when it comes to a popular vote. 



Further, they declared in favor of woman suf- 

 frage and educational qualification for voting, 

 civil-service reform, legislation to reduce the 

 earnings of railroads and other carriers to a fair 

 profit and prevent one from gaining advantage 

 over another, the resumption by the Govern- 

 ment of all unearned grants of land made to 

 corporations or individuals, election of United 

 States Senators by popular vote, the withholding 

 of public funds from all educational institutions 

 not conducted by the State, the enforcement of 

 Sunday laws, and liberality in pensions. 



The Iowa Prohibitory Amendment League 

 was organized June 1, not as a political party, 

 but with the one object of carrying the prohibit- 

 ory amendment to the Constitution, which will 

 probably be resubmitted to the vote of the peo- 

 ple in 1896, the Supreme Court having declared 

 the original amendment, adopted in 1892, in- 

 valid on technical grounds. 



The Republicans elected their entire State 

 ticket. Following is the vote for Secretary of 

 State: McFarland, Republican, 229,376: Dale, 

 Democratic, 149,980; Crane, Populist, 34,907; 

 Mitchell, Prohibition, 7,457. Republican Con- 

 gressmen were elected in all the eleven dis- 

 tricts. 



ITALY, a constitutional monarchy in south- 

 ern Europe. The legislative power is exercised 

 by a Chamber of Deputies and a Senate. The 

 former consists of 508 members, elected directly 

 by the vote of male adult citizens who pay 19-NO 

 lire in taxes, in single electoral districts. The 

 Senate is composed of princes of the blood royal 

 and 390 members nominated for life from certain 

 categories of functionaries, notables, and heavy 

 taxpayers. The throne is hereditary in the male 

 line of the house of Savoy. The reigning sover- 

 eign is Umberto I, born March 14, 1844, who 

 succeeded his father, Vittorio Emanuele, the 

 first King of united Italy, Jan. 9, 1878. The 

 Cabinet at the beginning of 1894 consisted of 

 the following ministers : President of the Coun- 

 cil and Minister of the Interior, Francesco Crispi ; 

 Minister of Foreign Affairs, Baron Blanc; Min- 

 ister of Finance and Minister ad interim of the 

 Treasury, Baron Sidney Sonnino; Minister of 

 Justice, Worship, and Pardons, Vincenzo Calen- 

 da di Tavana; Minister of Public Works, Giu- 

 seppe Saracco; Minister of War, Gen. Stanislao 

 Mocenni; Minister of Marine, Vice-Adrniral 

 Constantino Morin : Minister of Commerce, In- 

 dustry, and Agriculture. Paolo Boselli ; Minister 

 of Education, Augusto Bacelli ; Minister of Posts 

 and Telegraphs, Luigi Ferraris. 



Area and Population. The area of Italy is 

 110,623 square miles. The estimated population 

 on Dec. 31, 1893, was 30,724,897. The number 

 of marriages in 1893 was 225,523: of births, 

 1,171,185; of deaths. 822,743; excess of births, 

 34,442. The number of emigrants in 1893 was 

 246,741, compared with 223,667 in 1892 and 293,- 

 631 in 1891. The total number in 1893 included 

 104,482 whose destination was not outside of 

 Europe, while 49,765 sailed for the United 

 States, 45,324 for Brazil, 36,212 for Argentina, 

 Paraguay, and Uruguay, and 6,998 for other 

 parts of America. 



Commerce. The total value of the special 

 imports of merchandise in 1893 was 1,191,200.000 

 lire, compared with 1,173,400,000 lire in 1892. 

 The special imports of merchandise were 964.- 

 200,000 lire in value, compared with 958,200,000 

 lire in 1892. The imports of precious metals were 

 43,000,000 lire in 1893, against 44,000.000 lire in 

 1892; the exports were 94,200,000 lire, against 

 53,900,000 lire. 



The values of the leading imports in 1893 

 were, in round numbers: Cereals, 180,200.000 

 lire; cotton, 108,700,000 lire: silk, 97,100.000 

 lire; coal, 93,100,000 lire; iron. 45,500.000 lire: 

 hides and skins, 42,900,000 lire; woolen tissues. 

 40.700,000 lire; cotton tissues, 33,200,000 lire; 

 machinery, 32,500,000 lire; coffee, 31,500.000 

 lire; sugar, 30.600,000 lire ; fish, 30,000,000 "lire ; 

 timber, 30,000.000 lire; wool, 25,000,000 lire: 

 colors, 24,700.000 lire; chemical products. 22,- 

 900,000 lire; silk tissues, 22,100,000 lire; live 

 animals, 19,400,000 lire; gums and resins, 18.- 

 200,000 lire; seeds, 17,500,000 lire; tobacco, 

 15.700,000 lire; petroleum, 15,000,000 lire: linen 

 yarns, 12,100,000 lire; cheese. 11.400,000 lire. 



The values exported in 1893 of the princip 

 articles of Italian produce and manufacture wer 

 as follow : Silk, 282,700,000 lire ; wine, 59,000,00 

 lire; olive oil, 47,400,000 lire: eggs, 30,700,000 

 lire; vegetables, 29,600,000 lire; hemp, 29,400.- 

 000 lire; wood manufactures, 25,000,000 lire; 



