KANSAS. 



391 



lines. The best results of its activity are seen 

 in the success of the Woodbine colony in New 

 Jersey, where about 1,000 acres of farm land 

 have been tilled and rendered fairly productive. 

 A canning factory, an agricultural school, and 

 mechanical shops are features of the colony, in 

 which 50 farms are in successful operation, with 

 about 500 colonists in all. The Order of B'nai 

 Brith has completed its arrangements for open- 

 ing a technical school in Philadelphia. A steady 

 increase in benevolent institutions, with the en- 

 largement of old or the erection of new build- 

 ings, has been the rule among the charities in 

 the larger cities. The literary output was fair. 

 The Jewish Publication Society issued its full 

 quota of books ; Judaism at the World's Fair 

 was admirably represented in a volume pub- 

 lished by the Union of American Hebrew Con- 

 gregations. Dr. Waldstein wrote on "The Jew- 

 ish Question." Miss Emma Wolf's " A Prodigal 

 in Love " was a successful novel. Dr. Gross 

 translated Dr. Kayserling's work on the contri- 

 butions of Jews to America's discovery. Oscar 

 S. Straus wrote a biography of Roger Williams. 

 The second year's proceedings of the American 

 Jewish Historical Society were of much interest. 

 Prof. Mielziner's " Introduction to the Talmud," 

 an edition of notes on Biblical criticism by the 

 late Michael Heilprin, a further part of Dr. 

 Jastrow's "Talmudic Dictionary," and an elab- 

 orate study of " Yemen Manuscripts " from the 

 pen of Dr. Kohut were also published, together 

 with works by Revs. M. H. Harris, M. Flue- 

 gel, Em. Schreiber, Henry Iliowizi, and Henry 

 Cohen. Rev. Dr. Krauskopfs visit to Russia 

 aroused some discussion, but led to no practical 

 result. Fresh impetus was given to the Jewish 

 Chautauqua movement. The necrology included 

 Adolph L. Sanger, President of the Board of 

 Education of New York city; Rev. Dr. Alex- 

 ander Kohut, Talmudist, author, and preacher ; 

 and Jesse Seligman, banker and philanthropist. 

 At the fourteenth Council of the Union of 

 American Hebrew Congregations, at New Or- 



leans, in December, Leo N. Levi, of Galveston, 

 gave the oration, wherein he assailed the posi- 

 tion of Reform Judaism and its representative 

 leaders as illogical and disloyal. His address 

 aroused a protest from the assembled rabbis. 

 His main point was that if the Jews of America 

 would check the demoralization that exists, and 

 desire to preserve their religion, they must in- 

 sist that their spiritual leaders shall define that 

 religion, adhere to it themselves, and teach it to 

 their congregations. A committee was appointed 

 to promote circuit preaching. There are now 97 

 congregations represented in the Union, and the 

 net increase of the funds during the year reached 

 $25,451. The influence of the American Jewess 

 was noticeable not only in important papers that 

 appeared in the Jewish press, among others one 

 by Miss Josephine Lazarus, in which she pleaded 

 for a union of the best elements of Christianity 

 and Judaism, or at least a purification of Juda- 

 ism from all ceremonial and its resurrection as a 

 religion of the spirit alone, but also in the ad- 

 vance made by the National Council of Jewish 

 Women, an outgrowth of the World's Fair. Its 

 purposes are : "To bring about closer relations 

 among Jewish women, to furnish by an organic 

 union a medium of communication and a means 

 of prosecuting work of common interest, to 

 further united effort in behalf of Judaism by 

 supplying means of study, and in behalf of the 

 work of social reform by the application of the 

 best philanthropic thought." Its central board 

 is in Chicago. Sections were formed in Chica- 

 go, Quincy, 111., Baltimore. Newark, N. J., Phila- 

 delphia, St. Paul, Duluth, Denver, Minneapolis, 

 Allegheny City, and New York, and its member- 

 ship has reached 1,000. It aims to interest and 

 instruct workingwomen as well as women of 

 leisure. Its plan of work embraces the forma- 

 tion of circles, subject-matter for study in Jew- 

 ish history and religion, the establishment of 

 libraries and lecture courses, and philanthropic 

 agencies, their study and practical applica- 

 tion. 



K 



KANSAS* a Western State, admitted to the 

 Union Jan. 29, 1861 ; area, 82,080 square miles. 

 The population, according to each decennial 

 census, was 107,206 in 1860; 364,399 in 1870; 

 996,096 in 1880; and 1,427,096 in 1890. Capital, 

 Topeka. 



Government. -The following were the State 

 officers during the year : Governor, Lorenzo D. 

 Lewelling, Populist ; Lieutenant-Governor, Per- 

 cy Daniels; Secretary of State, Richard S. Os- 

 borne ; Auditor, Van Buren Prather ; Treasurer, 

 William H. Biddle : Attorney-General, John T. 

 Little ; Superintendent of Public Instruction, 

 Henry M. Gaines ; Superintendent of Insurance, 

 S. II. Snider; State Bank Commissioner, John 

 W. Breidenthal ; Railroad Commissioners, John 

 Hall, P. B. Maxson, W. D. Vincent ; Chief Jus- 

 tice of the Supreme Court, Albert H. Horton ; 

 Associate Justices, W. A. Johnston, S. H. Allen. 



Finances. For the biennial period ending 

 June 30, 1894, the State treasury statement is as 



follows : Balance on July 1, 1892, $727,162.51 ; 

 receipts for the year ending June 30, 1893, 

 $2,706,876.17; receipts for the year ending June 

 30, 1894, $2,395,015.37; total, $5,101,891.54. 

 Disbursements for the year ending June 30, 



1893, $2.538,498.94 ; disbursements for the year 

 ending June 30, 1894, $2,448,228.88 ; total dis- 

 bursement, $4,986,727.82; balance on June 30, 



1894, $842,326.23. The State debt on the last- 

 mentioned date was $801,000. This was dimin- 

 ished on Oct. 15 to $788,500 by the payment of 

 bonds then due. 



Railroads. On June 30, 1893, the total rail- 

 road mileage in the State was 8,906-06, an in- 

 crease of 19'77 miles for the year preceding. 

 The total passenger earnings for last year were 

 $40,579,944, showing an increase over the pre- 

 vious year of $3,153,177. The freight earnings 

 were $105,588.883, an increase of $4,840,662. 

 The total earnings and income of the roads were 

 $158,271,577, and the total expenses and pay- 



