LITERATURE, AMERICAN, IN 1894. 



407 



From Dr. Charles Conrad Abbott we have " Travels 

 in a Treetop " and a sympathetic account of " The 

 Birds about us." Olive Thome Miller (Mrs. Harriet 

 Mann Miller) proved herself u A Bird Lover in the 

 West," and also told us of " Our Home Pets, How 

 to keep them well and happy." II. E. Parkhurst 

 kept u The Birds' Calendar " in Central Park. Lean- 

 der S. Keyser reveled " In Bird Land " ; and James 

 Lane Allen rhapsodized over " A Kentucky Cardi- 

 nal," and Alyn Yates Keith, the author of U A Spin- 

 ster's Leaflets," was equally happy with "A Hilltop 

 Summer." Mabel Osgood Wright entitled her New 

 England chronicle of birds and flowers u The Friend- 

 ship of Nature," and Celia Thaxter described u An 

 Island Garden," known to the numerous visitors at 

 the Isles of Shoals. E. M. Hardinge was at home 

 "With the Wild Flowers, from Pussy r Willow to 

 Thistle-Down," and Ida Prentice Whitcomb told 

 stories of "A Bunch of Wild Flowers for the Chil- 

 dren." Harriet L. Keeler studied " The Wild Flowers 

 of Early Spring." Text and illustrations are alike 

 the work of Clifton Johnston in his portrayal of 

 " The Farmer's Boy." William Root Bliss caught 

 " Side Glimpses from the Colonial Meeting House," 

 in line with his previous studies of " Colonial Times 

 on Buzzard's Bay " and " The Old Colony Town." 

 Maud Wilder Goodwin described " The Colonial 

 Cavalier, or Southern Life before the Revolution," 

 which was illustrated by Harry Edwards. Anne 

 Hollingsworth Wharton devoted 7 chapters to " Co- 

 lonial Days and Dames" of both the North and 

 South, and Alice Morse Earle revived for us " The 

 Costume of Colonial Times." She also edited the 

 "Diary of Anna Green Winslow, a Boston School- 

 girl of 177 1," which has a quaint interest as portray- 

 ing the dress and manners of the times. A new edi- 

 tion was also made of " Our Colonial Homes," by 

 Samuel Adams Drake. " Wimples and Crisping 

 Pins " is the title of studies in the coiffure and orna- 

 ments of women by the late Theodore Child, col- 

 lected into permanent shape and illustrated. Rose 

 Porter compiled for us the sayings of men " About 

 Women," and Frederick W. Morton performed a 

 similar service for "Woman in Epigram." Martha 

 J. Wright anticipated "The New Garden of Eden"; 

 Philip Stafford Moxom gave plain talks to young men 

 and women on " The Aim of Life " ; Susan H. Wixon 

 treated of " Right Living " ; Orison Swett Marden of 

 "Pushing to the Front, of Success under Difficul- 

 ties"; J. R. Miller gave good counsel upon "The 

 Building of Character," and the " Secrets of Happy 

 Home Life," as well as the advice " Don't Worry " ; 

 "I, Myself," was written for young men by James 

 Logan Gordon, as the "Ethics of Success" were 

 traced by William M. Thayer in a reader for the 

 higher grades of schools. "Before^ie is Twenty " is 

 a consideration of five perplexing phases of the boy 

 question by Robert J. Burdette, Mrs. Frances Hodg- 

 son Burnett, Edward W. Bok, and others, a collection 

 of articles originally written for the " Ladies' Home 

 Journal." Wallace 'Wood, M. D., edited a symposium 

 on human perfection and the coming man, entitled 

 " Ideals of Life " ; " Forty Witnesses to Success " was 

 the title of talks to young men by Charles Townsend ; 

 while " Koradine Letters," by Alice B. Stockham, 

 M. D., and Lida Hood Talbot, is emphatically a girl's 

 own book. The anonymous author of " Preston Pa- 

 pers" proffers "Snap Shots with an Old Maid's 

 Kodak." For " Studies in Folk Song and Popular 

 Poetry" we are indebted to Alfred M. Williams. 

 "_ Readings in Folklore: Memoirs of the Interna- 

 tional Congress of Anthropology held in Chicago 

 during the" World's Fair " were edited by C. Stani- 

 land Wake ; and Otis Tufton Mason contributed to 

 the '_' Anthropological Series" "Woman's Share in 

 Primitive Culture." " Legends of the Micmacs " were 

 gathered by Rev. Silas Tertius Rand, D. D., during 

 forty years spent as a missionary among these Indians 

 in Nova Scotia ; Charles F. Lummis tells of " The 

 Man who married the Moon," and other Pueblo In- 

 dian folk stories for young readers. Publications of 



the Smithsonian Institution Bureau of Ethnology 

 during the year were a "Bibliography of the Waka- 

 shan Languages," by James C. Pilling ; " The Pa- 

 inunky Indians of Virginia," by John Garland Pollard 

 and " The Maya Year," by Cyrus Thomas. Vol. IV 

 of the " Journal of American Ethnology and Archae- 

 ology," edited by J. Walter Fewkes, Ph. D., describes 

 the curious snake dance of the Moqui Indians. Jere- 

 miah Curtin collected " Hero Tales of Ireland," and 

 Heli Chatelain compiled and edited 50 " Folk Tales 

 of Angola." Alice Walton traces " The Cult of As- 

 klepios " in the " Cornell Studies in Classical Philolo- 

 gy " ; the Oriental Club of Philadelphia published a 

 volume of " Oriental Studies," selected from the es- 

 says read during the first five years of its existence, 

 1888-'94; and Percival Lowell, in "Occult Japan, or 

 the Way of the Gods," gave an esoteric study of 

 Japanese personality and possession. Edwin W. 

 Dayton examined into the history, manufacture, and 

 religious symbolism of the " Scarabs " of Egypt, 

 Phoenicia, etc. " The World's Largest Libraries " 

 was the theme of a commencement address delivered 

 by James Grant Wilson at St. Stephen's College, 

 Annandale, N. Y., June 21, 1894, as one of the Hoff- 

 man Literary Lectures ; William I. Fletcher was an 

 authority upon " Public Libraries in America," the 

 book forming the second volume of the " Columbian 

 Knowledge Series," and from it was reprinted, with 

 alterations, additions, and an index, his suggestions 

 upon "Library Classification." The "Catalogue of 

 the A. L. A. Library," 5,000 books selected by the 

 American Library Association as the first that a new 

 popular library should obtain for its collection, and 

 shown at the World's Columbian Exposition at 

 Chicago, was printed by the United States Bureau of 

 Education, and exhibits both systems of classification 

 of books, giving also a perfect illustration of a dic- 

 tionary catalogue. Miss M. W. Plummer also fur- 

 nished " Hints to Small Libraries " in a small man- 

 ual. The late William F. Poole, in an address, traced 

 the relation between " The University Library and 

 the University Curriculum." The " Century Cyclo- 

 paedia of Names," while entirely independent of the 

 " Century Dictionary," yet serves as a valuable sup- 

 plement to the same, with which it is uniform in 

 size and binding. Vol. II completed the " Standard 

 Dictionary of the English Language upon Original 

 Plans," prepared by more than 200 specialists 

 and other scholars under the supervision of Isaac 

 K. Funk, D. D. Edwin L. Shuman, in " Steps into 

 Journalism," offered helps and hints for young writ- 

 ers : and another valuable text-book of the kind was 

 " Paragraph Writing," by Profs. F. N. Scott and J. 

 V. Denny. " Thoughts for the Occasion " were sup- 

 plied anonymously. " The Orthoepist " of Alfred 

 Ayres (Thomas Embley Osmun) was reissued in a 

 revised and enlarged edition, and a third revised edi- 

 tion also appeared of " Seven Thousand Words often 

 Mispronounced," by William H. P. Phyfe. " The 

 Annual Literary Index, 1893," including periodicals, 

 American and English, essays, book chapters, etc., 

 was made by W. I. Fletcher and R. R. Bowker, and 

 W. E. Price compiled a catalogue Of " Paper-covered 

 Books in Print to Date, and Obtainable at Wholesale 

 in America." 



Education. -The " Proceedings of the International 

 Congress of Education of the World's Columbian Ex- 

 position, Chicago, July 25-28, 1893," held under the 

 charge of the National Educational Association of the 

 United States, contains more than 150 carefully pre- 

 pared papers by the foremost educators of the world, 

 and of necessity takes the lead among works of this 

 class published during the year. Bishop J. L. Spald- 

 ing, in " Things of the Mind," sets forth his view of 

 what should be the aim of a teacher beyond the mere 

 supply of facts to the youthful mind. " A New Life 

 in Education," by Prof. Fletcher Durrell, and " How 

 John and I brought up the Child," by Elizabeth 

 Grinnell, both received prizes from the John C. Green 

 Income fund ; and L. Bookwalter, D. D., delivered 

 lectures upon "The Family, or the Home and tne 



