440 



LITERATURE, CONTINENTAL. 



work is Andres Muriel's history of the reign of Charles 

 IV of Spain. J. Casani y Miguel, keeper of the Public 

 Records of Valencia, lias issued a selection of the same 

 on the political relations of Castile and Aragon dur- 

 ing 1855-'69 ; V. Balaguer has written " Historia de los 

 Keyes Catolicos " ; Carmelo de Echegaray has busied 

 himself with " Investigaciones historicas de Guipuz- 

 coa " ; Davalos y Lerchundi's " La Toma de Granada 

 y Caballeros que concurrieron a Ella " won the prize 

 offered at the quadricentenary celebration^ of ^the 

 capture of Granada; Gen. A rteche issued Vol. VIII 

 of his ' War of Spanish Independence, or Peninsular 

 War"; B. F. Alonso, " Guerra hispano-lusitana " ; 

 " La Caida del Principe [Don Carlos], Hijo de Felipe 

 II," is a pamphlet by J. Velasco y Santos; and N. 

 Diaz y Perez has written of " La Francmasoneria es- 

 pariola." There are two stragglers from the Columbus 

 y ear E. Castelar's richly illustrated " Colon," and A. 

 Fabie's interesting essay on the great navigator's life 

 before his first voyage. Works dealing with" local and 

 provincial history are ever plentiful. " Las Jurdes " 

 by V. Barrantes, " Poblet " by S. Ricoma, a short 

 history of Alicante by N. Chabas, " Pasco por el 

 campo Calatrava" by R. de Avellano, and Ibariez 

 Mann's " Recuerdos de Toledo " are important 

 publications in this field ; while M. E. Santapan's 

 " Apuntes biograficos de los Obispos de Teruel " and 

 Ortega y Rubio's " Hijos de Valladolid " are contri- 

 butions to local biography. Spanish possessions, 

 ancient and modern, are treated of in A. Millares's 

 " Historia general de las Islas Canarias " ; E. Ruidiaz 

 y Caravia's "La Florida, su Conquista y Coloniza- 

 cion " ; F. N. Aguilar's " Colonizacion de Filipinas " 

 and F. J. Martinez de Zuniga's " Estadismo de las 

 Islas Filipinas." R. Delorme Salto has written of 

 u Los Aborigenes de America." The Hispano-Mo 

 roecan question has occasioned the publishing of 

 many books and pamphlets, most of which are of no 

 great value. Among the more important are F. Coello's 

 " Resena del Rif " and " From Tlemcen to Melilla." 

 Others are A. Cabrera's " La Guerra de Africa " ; 

 Odon de Buen's " El Conflicto de Melilla y la Cues- 

 tion hispano-rnarroque " ; "Marruecos, el Rif, Me- 

 lilla : Peligros y Desaciertos de Espana y Modo cle 

 Remediarlos," by Reparaz ; poetical effusions such as 

 the " Romancero de Melilla, por un Poeta del Rif," 

 intended to rouse national enthusiasm against the 

 unbelievers; S. Descleza's "Apuntes sobre el Terri- 

 torio del Imperio de Marruecos " ; and M. Olivie's 

 " Aspiraciones nacionales de Espana en Marruecos." 

 "Recuerdos y Notas intimas de Francia.y Espana" 

 is by E. Blasco. Of numismatic works, A. Vives y 

 Escudero's " Monedas de las Dinastias arabigo-es- 

 pariolas " has _been highly praised. " El Arte esce- 

 nica en Espana," by J. Yxart, has appeared. The 

 Count de La Vinaza's "La Filologia castellana" 

 ( published by the Academia Espanola), a treatise on 

 the Castilian language, includes also a bibliography 

 of the subject. The same author has made" other 

 valuable contributions to bibliography, such as his 

 " Bibliografia espanola de Leriguas indigenas de 

 America." Other new publications in this field are 

 F. Escudero y Perosso's " Tipogratia Hispalense " (a 

 catalogue of books printed at Seville, 1476-1800, gained 

 the Biblioteca Nacional's annual prize in 1864, and 

 now published for the first time) ; and the late J. 

 E. Hartzeubusch's "Apuntes para un Catalogo de 

 Periodicos Madrilerios . . ., 1661-1870." A good bi- 

 ography of Cecilia Bohl de Fabcr (Fet'nan Cabttll <)<>) 

 has been written by J. M. Asensio. In literary his- 

 tory and criticism we have " Palique," by Leopoldo 

 Alas ( Claris who is learned and witty, but moder- 

 ate >; "Solfeo," by Kn,i!i<> i;<>l,<i<i;il<i i Fr. Candil, in- 

 clined to be virulent in his attacks); " Agridulces 

 literarios," by Valbuena (Miguel de Escalada); S. 

 Rueda's "El Ritmo: Critica literaria"; Pi y ,\Far- 

 gall's "El Pro y el Contra"; P. Gener's " Litera- 

 tures malsanas : Estudios de Patologia literaria con- 

 temporanea " ; Balart's " Impresiones : Literatura y 

 Arte"; Vol. Ill of the Marquis de Valmar's " His- 

 toria critica de la Poesia castellana en el Siglo XIX " ; 



and C. de Ansorena's " Trataclo de la Propriedad in- 

 teleetual en Espana." 



From the abundance of prose fiction the more note- 

 worthy are selected: B. Perez Galdos's " Torquemada 

 en la Cruz"; Senora Pardo Bazan's " Cuentos nuc- 

 vos'J; Suarez Bravos's " Soledad " ; Palacio ValdtVs 

 " Origen del Pensamiento"; Taboada's " Mundo Fes- 

 tivo " ; and " Charada historica disfrazada de Novela. 1 " 

 by Count de las Navas. There is a great demand for 

 books, and we are told that Zola arid Tolstoi are in 

 fashion just now. " Cajon de Sastre," by Perez y 

 Gomez, is a collection of humorous articles. Of poetry 

 there is little to record. Balart's " Dolores "and " Mar- 

 garitas,'^ by G. A. Limeres, have been well received. 

 Lopez Silva's " Coleccion de composiciones en Versa" 

 have been published. Other books of verse are .!. 

 .Jackson Veyan's "Alia va eso!" and J. Alcover's 

 " Poem as y Ilarmonias." The Academia Espauola's 

 " Antolo^ia de Poetas hispano-americanos " has 

 reached its third volume. In awarding the prize for 

 the best modern drama the choice lay between Jose 

 Echegaray 's ''Mariana" and Felipe leliu y Codina's 

 " Dolores," the Academy deciding in favor of the for- 

 mer, whose " La Reneorosa," a three-act comedy in 

 verse, and another by Perez Galdos, "La de San 

 Quintin," have won success. Further new publica- 

 tions in the broad field of belles-lettres are T. Ulloa's 

 " Arlequinada," ; U. Gonzalez Serrano's " En pro y en 

 contra"; S. Lanza's " Artufia " ; A. G. Barrili's : - La 

 Castellana"; G. Picon Febres's "Fidelia"; J. Lopez- 

 Valdemoro's " Chavala" ; and M. Amor Meilan's * 4 El 

 ultimo Hijodaltro." 



Sweden. Classifying our material, we have His- 

 tory : G. BjorlinV u Kriget i Norge 1814"; " Konuiiir 

 Karl XIPs egenhiindiga Bref ; samlada och utgifna af 

 E. Carlson"; J. Almen's " Atten Bernadotte: bio- 

 grafiske Anteckningar " ; M. llojer's "Fran Franska 

 revolutionens Dagar"; W. E. Svedelius's "Maria 

 Stuart och Elisabeth"; S. A. Fries's "Israels His- 

 toria " ; and G. F. Steffen's " Fran det moderna Eng- 

 land." Philosophy and economics : A. Nybheus, 

 " Den filosofiske Forskningen i Sverige fran Slutet at' 

 adertonde Arhundradet " ; C. Livijn, " Om moderna 

 socialpolitiska Lagar och Lagforslag . . ."; and A. (i. 

 Blomqvist, " Skogshushallmngens Kationalekonoini 

 och Synpunkter i Forstpoliti." Literary history : S. 

 Soderman's " Alfred de Musset " ; II. Key's " Alessan- 

 dro Manzoni"; and A. Klinckowstrom's " Svipdrair 

 Egilssons Saga." Belles-lettres : F. Bremer, "Hem- 

 met eller Familjesorger og Frojder"; C. A. Wetter- 

 bergh, " Penninger och arbete"; F. Sigurd, "Jennys 

 Konditioner " ; A. Lundquist, " Eget vaf " ; A. Schne'e- 

 gans, " Kallia Kypris"; M. Bolle, " Fru Strahle"; 

 S. Lagerldf, " Osynliga Liinkar"; A. Lundeganl, 

 "Faster Ulla och hennes Brorsdottrar " ; A. Wahlen- 

 berg, "En stor Man"; J. Johnson, " De tre : en 

 Immoristik Mosaik"; J. Sundblad, "Fran Olficicrs- 

 messen och Soldattiiltet ''; II. Westermarck, " Fra- 

 mat"; and T. Ilcclberg, " Fabror Agathon, med Here 

 Koveller." 



LITERATURE, JAPANESE. "The recent 

 opening of the country," says Chamberlain, " was 

 the deathblow to Japanese literature proper. Time, 

 thousands of books and pamphlets still pour annually 

 from the press more, probably, than at any previous 

 time; but the greater number are either translations 

 of European works, or else works conveying Euro- 

 pean ideas. . . . Immense civilizing effects in every 

 department of scientific activity are being produced 

 by the contemporary school of Europeanized authors." 

 'The German, English, Belgian, and American peri- 

 odicals more particularly those devoted to sciei 

 have published not a few contributions by Japanese ; 

 and in Japan itself the scientific publications of the 

 Imperial University (the Tokyo Daigaku) are all 

 printed either in English or in German. 



Until 1879, it appears, Japanese literature had not 

 been affected by any Western influences. But the 

 change came with unforeseen rapidity. Some for- 

 eign works were translated, Lytton's "Ernest Mal- 

 travers" being the first to excite deep interest; and 



