MICHIGAN. 



483 



that the whites, who constitute the governing 

 class, have chosen a man of almost pure Indian 

 blood to be the dictator of the country, of more 

 absolute and undisputed power than any of his 

 predecessors. The revolts that have occurred, 

 especially in the northern States, have been set 

 on foot by lawbreakers and adventurers who re- 

 ceived little popular support. In January, 1894, 

 an insurrection headed by two filibusters named 

 Ochoa and Lugan was put down by the Fed- 

 eral troops after two sharp fights. The ex- 

 ternal debt, more burdensome than formerly on 

 account of the depreciation of silver, has been ar- 

 ranged under new contracts and guarantees that 

 have been strictly observed. Senor Limantour, 

 in his budget statement at the opening of Con- 

 gress on May 11, said that the export duties on 

 coffee and the stamp receipts had exceeded the 

 estimates, and that the ordinary provisions were 

 sufficient to maintain the internal administra- 

 tion and the obligations of the debt. A treaty 

 with , China has been the subject of negotiations 

 that will give Chinese laborers as well as mer- 

 chants the privilege of free entry and residence, 

 and also the right to become naturalized citi- 

 zens. In the northern part of Mexico numbers 

 of negroes from the Southern United States 

 have been colonized recently, though not with 

 the approval of the native population. Toward 

 the close of 1894 there was much excitement, 

 especially in southern Mexico, about the bound- 

 ary dispute with Guatemala. 



MICHIGAN, a Western State, admitted to 

 the Union Jan. 26, 1837; area, 58,915 square 

 miles. The population in 1890 was 2,093,889 ; 

 by the State census of 1894 it was 2,241,454. 

 Capital, Lansing. 



Government. The following were the State 

 officers during the year: Governor, John T. 

 Rich, Republican; Lieutenant- Governor, J. 

 Wight Giddings : Secretary of State, John W. 

 Jochim, till Feb. 19, when he was succeeded by 

 Washington Gardner; Treasurer, Joseph F. 

 Harnbitzer, till E'eb. 19, succeeded by James M. 

 Wilkinson ; Auditor, Stanley W. Turner; Attor- 

 ney-General, Adolphus A. Ellis; Adjutant Gen- 

 eral, Charles L. Eaton ; Superintendent of Pub- 

 lic Instruction, Henry R. Pattengill ; Railroad 

 Commissioner, Simeon R. Billings; Commis- 

 sioner of Mineral Statistics, James B. Knight : 

 Commissioner of Insurance, Theron F. Gid- 

 dings ; Commissioner of Banking, Theodore C. 

 Sherwood ; Commissioner of Land Office, John 

 G. Berry, till Feb. 19, succeeded by William A. 

 French ; Inspector of Oils, Neill McMillan : Com- 

 missioner of Labor, Charles H. Morse; Dairy 

 and Food Commissioner, C. E. Stores; State 

 Librarian, Mary C. Spencer; Chief Justice of 

 the Supreme Court, John W. McGrath ; Asso- 

 ciate Justices, Charles D. Long, Claudius B. 

 Grant. R. M. Montgomery, Frank A. Hooker. 



State Census. This was taken in June, and 

 among the statistics resulting are the following: 

 The total population of the State June 1, 1894, 

 was 2,241,454, an increase of 147,565, or 7'04per 

 cent,, since June 1, 1890, and of 387,796, or 20-92 

 per cent., compared with June 1, 1884. The in- 

 crease from 1880 to 1884 was 216,721, or 13 per 

 cent. The increase from 1880 to 1884 was 

 greater than that from 1890 to 1894 by 69,156. 



There are 70 incorporated cities in 'the State, 



the total population of which is 821,032, or 37 

 per cent, of the total population of the State. 

 There are nine more cities than in 1890, and in 

 that year the proportion of population of cities 

 to the population of the State was 34 per cent. 



The 61 cities in the State in 1890 show an in- 

 crease of 84,862, or 11-93 per cent, in the four 

 years. The increase outside of these cities WHS 

 62.703, or 4-54 per cent. 



The 49 cities in the State in 1884 show an in- 

 crease of 232,257, or 45-61 per cent, in the ten 

 years. The increase outside of these cities is 

 155,539, or 11-57 per cent. In other words, since 

 1884 the rate of increase of population in the 49 

 cities has been about four times the rate of in- 

 crease in the remainder of the State. 



The number of native inhabitants in the State 

 June 1, 1894, was 1,670,797, or 74-54 per cent, 

 and of foreign-born inhabitants, 570,657, or 

 25-46 per cent, of the total population. In 1870 

 the foreign-born inhabitants were 22-63 per 

 cent. ; in 1880, 23'73 percent. : in 1884, 26-4 per 

 cent.; and in 1890, 25-97 per cent, of the total' 

 population. 



Of the total population of the incorporated 

 cities in the State 67-16 per cent, are native, and 

 32-84 per cent, foreign born. 



The total population of the incorporated vil- 

 lages in the State is 260,145, of which 211,506 

 are native and 48,639 foreign born. 



The number of inhabitants in the upper pen- 

 insula is 207,489, or 9*26 per cent, of the total 

 population of the State. Of the population of 

 this section 111,056, or 53*52 per cent., are native, 

 and 96,433, or 46'48 per cent., foreign born. 



Among the larger cities Detroit, Grand Rapids. 

 Saginaw, Bay City, and Port Huron hold their 

 old places in rank according to size. Jackson 

 goes up from sixth to fifth place, Kalamazoo 

 from seventh to sixth, Lansing from tenth to 

 ninth. Muskegon drops from fifth to seventh, 

 and Battle Creek from ninth to tenth. Grand 

 Rapids stands first as to percentage of increase, 

 Detroit second, Lansing third, and Port Huron 

 fourth. 



Vital Statistics. These for 1892 were pub- 

 lished in December. The statistics of marriages 

 are fully returned under the marriage-license 

 law of 1887, but the others, under the registra- 

 tion law of 1867, which has proved inadequate. 

 Following is the summary and estimates, allow- 

 ing for defective registration : Total number of 

 marriages, 20.107; persons married per 1,000 

 estimated population, 18'4 ; total number of 

 births, 46,220; births per 1,000 population, 21-2 ; 

 total number of deaths, 21,729 ; deaths per 1,000 

 estimated population, 9'9 ; natural increase of 

 population, 24,492: natural increase per 1,000 

 estimated population, 11-3. In the above sum- 

 mary the rates are calculated to an estimated 

 population of 2.185,279. 



Finances. The Auditor's report for the year 

 ending June 30, 1893, was published in June. 

 1894. The receipts to the State treasury from 

 all sources during the year were $2,775,991.57, 

 and the disbursements $3,470,451.65. 



The amount of specific taxes unpaid is $712,- 

 513.23. A large part of this amount ($671,- 

 494.25) is the current charge against railroad 

 companies, and will be promptly paid, as will 

 some part of the remaining $41,018.28. -But 



