NORTH CAROLINA. 



551 



The State College of Agriculture and Me- 

 chanic Arts has been established five years, and 

 has cost the State $40,000. The number of stu- 

 dents is about 225. 



The State University, at Chapel Hill, will cele- 

 brate its one hundredth anniversary in June, 

 1895. Its property includes about 600 acres, 

 12 buildings, a library of 40,000 books, valuable 

 apparatus, and funds invested to help support 

 the institution and educate young men without 

 means to educate themselves. The number of 

 students has increased in three years from 198 

 to 890. During the past year 88 students were 

 aided by loans from the Deems fund, given for 

 this special purpose by the Rev. Charles F. 

 Deems and William H. Vanderbilt ; it amounts 

 now to nearly $16,000 ; both principal and in- 

 terest are loaned and reloaned as fast as paid ; 

 66 students have been aided by funds from other 

 private scholarships ; but free tuition is given 

 to the following classes of students with the un- 

 derstanding that should they become able they 

 shall pay the sums remitted : 1, candidates for 

 the ministry; 2, sons of ministers; 3, young 

 men under bodily infirmity ; and, 4, teachers. 

 During the past term there were aided by State 

 scholarships under this law 29 students, as fol- 

 low: 7 candidates for the ministry; 8 sons of 

 ministers, 13 teachers, and 1 afflicted with 

 bodily infirmity. The annual income is less 

 than $40,000. 



The State maintains, besides the above insti- 

 tutions, the Cullowhee Normal School and 

 colored normal schools at Fayetteville, Salis- 

 bury, Goldsborough, Franklinton, Plymouth, 

 and Elizabeth City. 



The institution at Raleigh, formerly the School 

 for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind, is now 

 used exclusively for the blind, and another for 

 deaf mutes has'been established at Morganton. 

 It has accommodations for 250 pupils, and has 

 102. The appropriation is $35.000 a year. 



Charities. The Asylum for the Insane, at 

 Raleigh, has a daily average of 307; number 

 admitted during the past two years, 171 ; dis- 

 charged as cured, 96 ; improved, 20 ; in bond, 3. 

 The per capita cost of maintenance is $170.80. 



The daily average in the hospital at Morgan- 

 ton was 556. The report shows over 50 per 

 cent, of recoveries on admissions, and less than 

 5 per cent, of deaths on the whole number treated. 

 The cost per capita is $150. Nearly 200 applica- 

 tions have been rejected for want of room. 



The Eastern Hospital for the Insane accom- 

 modates 307 patients, of whom 129 are men. 

 The last Legislature appropriated $13,000 for a 

 new building for men. It was finished in June 

 at a cost of about $11,000, the inmates having 

 furnished the common labor. The cost per 

 capita is $115.94. An addition to the grounds 

 of 170 acres has been made at a cost of $1,900. 



The receipts at the Oxford Orphan Asylum 

 for the two years were $21,612.57, of which 

 $10,000 was from the State. $2,000 from the 

 Grand Lodge of the Masons, who manage the 

 institution, $6,416 from other lodges and from 

 churches, and the remainder was earned in the 

 asylum. The average number of inmates is 205, 

 and the average cost of each $105.16. 



The Colored Orphan Asylum, at Oxfoi'd, had 

 $1,500 during the year from the State ; receipts 



from churches and other sources brought tin- 

 total to $2,867. There were 60 inmates in 1898, 

 and 66 in 1894 ; cost^er capita, $36. 



The Soldiers' Home was originally maintained 

 by voluntary contributions entirely. But the 

 Legislature of 1891 appropriated $3,000. and 

 that of 1893 $5,000 to its support and $3,000 

 for repairs. 



Crime and Criminals. The report of the 

 Attorney-General shows that during the two 

 years ending July 1 there were 3 legal execu- 

 tions, an increase of 1 over the two years pre- 

 ceding, and 8 lynchings, an increase of 6. 

 There were 15,538 criminal actions disposed of 

 in the two fiscal years ending July 1, 1894, an in- 

 crease of 1 ,266 over the two years' previous. 



The operations of the State Penitentiary have 

 been confined almost exclusively to farming. 

 About 80 per cent, of the convicts have been 

 employed throughout the year on the farm. 

 The whole number of acres cultivated is 8,600. 



The Militia. In the National Guard are 28 

 military companies of white infantry, divided 

 into 4 regiments of 7 companies each, 1 troop 

 of cavalry (white), and 1 company of infantry 

 (colored), both unattached, and 1 battalion of 

 naval reserves (3 divisions), numbering in all 38 

 companies, aggregating 1,660 men. The land 

 forces have been reduced to 30 companies, the 

 number contemplated by law. Troops were called 

 upon for service 4 times during the year. The 

 State appropriates $16,000 annually, and the 

 National Government furnishes clothing and 

 equipments amounting to $9,488.73. 



Railways. The Railroad Commission was es- 

 tablished about four years ago, in the face of 

 great opposition. The report shows that during 

 the four years the valuation of taxable railway 

 property has been nearly doubled ; it has been 

 increased from $12,321,704 to $24,565,611. The 

 increase in 1894 was $336,656. The increase of 

 revenue for the four years will amount to over 

 $30,000 a year in State taxes alone, and includ- 

 ing State, county, and municipal taxes to more 

 than $100,000. 



The North Carolina Railroad is now the only 

 corporate property within the State exempt from 

 taxation. The directors passed a resolution to 

 waive the exemption and list all the property of 

 the road (see " Annual Cyclopaedia " for 1893, 

 page 533), but the stockholders applied to the 

 Federal court for an injunction to restrain the 

 directors, and the suit has not been decided. 

 Under a by-law of 1851, requiring that 100 of 

 the private stockholders, representing a majority 

 of the private stock, shall be present in person 

 or by proxy at any meeting, the stockholders 

 have' prevented a meeting for over a year. 



Until the Commission was organized Pullman 

 cars were not listed for taxation. Now they are 

 taxed in the State on a valuation of $67,909. 

 Steamboats are also paying tax on a valuation of 

 $287,158, and telegraph lines on $219,228. 



The reduction in passenger rates amounts to 

 about $220,000 per annum ; in freight rates, to 

 about $250,000. The telegraph rates have been 

 reduced nearly 50 per cent. The report shows a 

 great falling 'off in the mileage of new roads, 

 only 29-36 miles were built during the year. 

 There were 387 accidents to persons on the roads 

 in the State ; 59 were killed and 328 injured. 



