OBITUARIES, FOREIGN. (HILDEBRAND JABLOCHKOFF.) 



615 



of artillery, the army was gradually reorganized in 

 accordance with his suggestions. 



Hildebrand, Heinrich" Rudolf, a German lexicog- 

 rapher, born in Leipsic, in 1824; died there, Oct. 28, 

 1894. He took his degree in Leipsie University, and 

 became a teacher in his native town and scientific 

 reader for Grimm's u Worterbuch,"to which he made 

 contributions founded on accurate philological studies. 

 When the brothers Grimm died he was associated 

 with Heyne, Weigand, and Lexer in the completion 

 of the work, being relieved of half of his duties as 

 teacher in the Thomas school, the town authorities 

 continuing his salary till the Saxon Government in 

 1869 appointed him extraordinary professor in the 

 university. In 1874 he was made Ordinary Professor 

 of the German Language and Literature. He wrote 

 independently several books on German grammar, 

 folklore, education, and kindred subjects. 



Hodgson, Brian Houghton, an English Orientalist, born 

 near Macclesfield, Feb. 1, 1800 ; died in London, May 

 25, 1894. He entered the Indian civil service at the 

 age of eighteen, and showed such ability and lin- 

 guistic talent that within three years he was ap- 

 pointed secretary to the embassy in Nepaul. At the 

 age of thirty -three he was appointed British resident 

 in Nepaul. Ten years later he retired on a pension, 

 and thenceforward he gave himself up entirely for 

 fifteen years to studying philology and Buddhism be- 

 fore returning to England. He had discovered the 

 ancient Buddhist scriptures in Nepaul in 1824, and had 

 over 400 manuscripts copied and distributed among 

 the learned societies of Europe. In 1835 he received 

 as a present from the Grand Lama of Tibet the 

 "Kahgyur" and the " Slangyur," 2 cyclopaedias of 

 the northern Buddhistic literature, each comprising 

 334 volumes. Hodgson collected Himalayan plants 

 and animals, of which he presented specimens to all 

 the museums of Europe, and he wrote much on the 

 zoology of Nepaul and Tibet. Besides a host of arti- 

 cles on the languages, races, and literature of north- 

 ern India, he wrote "Literature and Keligion of the 

 Buddhists of the North," u Aborigines of India," and 

 " Selections from the Kecords." 



Hoffinann, Heinrich, a German humorist, born in 

 Frankfort, in 1809; died there, Sept. 21, 1894. He 

 studied medicine, and practiced in his native town as 

 a specialist in mental diseases, writing in his hours 

 of leisure, and publishing, under the assumed name 

 of Donner (which was his wife's maiden name), sev- 

 eral volumes of dramas and verse. He made a prac- 

 tice of drawing comical pictures to amuse children 

 when he was diagnosing or treating their complaints. 

 His friends persuaded him to publish some of these 

 grotesque sketches in a volume in 1845. " Struwwel- 

 peter" went through 140 editions, and was repro- 

 duced in nearly every country of Europe with trans- 

 lations of the humorous letterpress. Other books 

 that he made for children were less happy. 



Holguin, Carlos, ex- President of Colombia, born in 

 Novita, July 11, 1832; died in Bogota, Oct. 19, 1894. 

 He was educated in the Jesuit College in Bogota and 

 in the university there, and took his degree in law in 

 1852. He became an ardent Conservative writer and 

 orator, edited the " Prensa," became minister to Spain 

 in 1881, and after his return was for some time acting 

 Chief Executive, and for several years Minister of 

 Foreign Affairs under President Nunez. 



Humbert, Gustavo, a French politician and juriscon- 

 sult, born in Metz, in 1822; died in Paris, Sept. 25, 

 1894. He studied law in Paris, was subprefect ol 

 Thionville ^in 1848, and from 1857 till 1870 he was 

 Professor of Law at Grenoble and Toulouse. He was 

 elected to the National Assembly in 1871 as a Repub- 

 lican, took a prominent position in the party, and in 

 1875 was elected a life Senator. In 1882 he was called 

 into the Freycinet Cabinet as Minister of Justice. He 

 published numerous works of jurisprudence. 



Hunter, William Bell, an English physician, died at 

 Matlock, Dec, 2, 1894. He took his degree at Glas- 

 gow in 1866, and was for many years a leading prac- 

 titioner in hydropathic medicine. He was the author 



of "A Few Words about Hydropathy "(1870); "Our 

 Bodies, and how we should use them "(1872); and 

 " 1'scs and Abuses of the Turkish Bath" (1887). 



Hyrtl, Josef, a Hungarian anatomist, born in Kis 

 Marton, in 1811 ; died in Vienna, July 17,1894. He 

 was made Professor of Anatomy in the University of 

 Prague in 1837. In 1845 he was called to the same pro- 

 fessorship in Vienna University, where he founded a 

 famous museum of comparative anatomy, and took the 

 first rank among the instructors in his specialty. He 

 retired in 1874. His works on aural surgery first 

 attracted the attention of the medical world. His 

 anatomical preparations caused him to be known 

 everywhere as the "technical anatomist." His 

 anatomical group of the skeletons of the Laocooii 

 statue won the admiration of artists as well as of anat- 

 omists. His ' Handbook of Topographical Anatomy " 

 has been translated into all civilized languages, and 

 is the standard work on the subject. 



Inglefield, Sir Edward, an English naval officer and 

 explorer, born in Cheltenham, in 1820 ; died in London, 

 Sept. 5, 1894. He entered the navy in 1832, led a storm- 

 ing party at the capture of Sidon,took part in the opera- 

 tions on the coast of Syria in 1840, became a lieutenant 

 in 1842, assisted his father, Admiral Samuel Hood 

 Inglefield, in surveying in China and on the coast of 

 Borneo, where he had many encounters with pirates 

 and where his vessel sank, commanded the " Comus" 

 at the battle of Parana, and was commissioned com- 

 mander in 1845. He commanded the private yacht 

 " Isabel" "which went in search of Sir Jonn Franklin, 

 exploring 800 miles of coast and reporting the dis- 

 covery of an open polar sea. In 1853 he commanded 

 an expedition sent out by the Government to relieve 

 the party of Sir Edward Belcher, and on his return 

 was made a captain. He made the voyage again in 

 the following year, and brought back the Belcher 

 expedition after its ships had been abandoned. In 

 the Crimean War Capt. Inglefield took part in the 

 operations against Sevastopol and in the bombard- 

 ment of the Black Sea torts and the blockade ot 

 Odessa. In 1869 he was made a rear admiral. In 

 1878, having been raised meanwhile to the rank of 

 vice-admiral, he was placed in command of the North 

 American and West Indian Station. In 1879 he was 

 made a full admiral. He was made a Knight of the 

 Bath in 1887. Sir Edward Inglefield invented a 

 hydraulic steering apparatus, an improvement in 

 engines, and an improved anchor. He was the author 

 of u A Summer Search for Sir John Franklin," and 

 of pamphlets on maritime warfare, naval tactics, and 

 terrestrial magnetism, and served on committees in- 

 trusted by the admiralty with important technical in- 

 vestigations. 



Ireland, Alexander, an English bookseller, born in 

 Edinburgh, in 1810 ; died in Manchester, Dec. 7, 1894. 

 He was for many years a bookseller in Manchester, 

 and was well known to authors, numbering among 

 his friends such men as Campbell, Leigh Hunt, 

 Emerson, and Lowell, and in the correspondence be- 

 tween Carlyle and Emerson his name occurs fre- 

 quently. It was at his persuasion that Emerson went 

 to England to lecture in 1847. He published the fol- 

 lowing works: "List of the Writings of William 

 Hazlittand Leigh Hunt" (London, 1868) ; " Recollec- 

 tions of George Dawson" (Manchester, 1882) ; " The 

 Book-Lover's" Enchiridion : Thoughts on Solace and 

 Companionship of Books" (London, 1882; fifth edi- 

 tion, 1888) ; " In Memoriam : Ralph Waldo Emerson : 

 Recollections of his Visit to England, etc." (London, 

 1882 ; 2d ed., enlarged, with the title " Ralph Waldo 

 Emerson: His Life, Genius, and Writings" 1882); 

 u Books for General Readers " (Manchester, 1887). 



Jablochkoff, Paul, a Russian electrician, died in St. 

 Petersburg, April 6, 1894. He was an officer in the 

 Russian army, who studied and experimented with 

 electricity, and was the first to solve the problem of 

 dividing electric currents for practical purposes. His 

 system of electric lighting with carbon candles was 

 the first that was adopted in many large cities, and 

 his inventions, while they gave him no pecuniary re- 



