756 



UNITED STATES OP AMERICA. 



been done that a fair comparison may be made, 

 as the items under "Hired Property " were re- 

 ported "only partly, if at all, prior to the census 

 of 1890." 



Considering the amount given under "Direct 

 Investment " as the total of capital in each case 

 for 1890, the rank of cities for that year placed, 

 in their order as here stated, New York, Phila- 

 delphia, Chicago, Brooklyn, N. Y., and St. 

 Louis. In 1880 Philadelphia stood first, fol- 

 lowed by New York, Chicago, Brooklyn, and 

 St. Louis. 



Hands employ fd. The average number of 

 hands employed for manufacturing purposes, 

 1890, was reported greatest in New York, the 

 next 4 highest averages being for Philadelphia, 

 St. Louis, Pittsburg, and San Francisco. In 

 1880 New York and Philadelphia held first and 

 second places respectively, followed by Chicago, 

 Boston, and Baltimore.' Comparisons by sex 

 and age are not possible until the final volume 

 on manufactures is published. 



Wages paid. The 5 cities paying the largest 

 amounts in wages, 1890, were New York, Phila- 

 delphia, Chicago, Brooklyn, and Boston. Ac- 

 cording to the. tenth census returns the first 3 

 cities named held similar rank in 1880, Boston 

 being fourth and Brooklyn fifth. 



Cost of Materials used. A fair comparison 

 of figure's given for 1880 and 1890 can not well 

 be made, owing to variations in treatment. In 

 the compendium of the eleventh census a state- 

 ment of totals is made under the heading of 

 " Miscellaneous Expenses," which absorbs a por- 

 tion of what was included under " Value of Ma- 

 terials " in 1880. According to the statistics 

 furnished in connection with the last census the 

 cities ranking highest in " Cost of Material used," 

 1890, were Chicago, New York, Philadelphia, 

 Brooklyn, and St. Louis. " Cost of Materials 

 used " includes fuel ; rent of power and heat and 

 mill supplies ; rent for tenancy ; taxes (including 

 internal revenue) ; insurance, ordinary, of build- 

 ings and machinery ; amount paid contractors ; 

 interest paid on cash used in the business. All 

 sundries not elsewhere reported are totaled and 

 shown in a separate compendium column under 

 the heading of " Miscellaneous Expenses." 



Value of Products. The 5 leading cities in 

 value of manufacturing products, including re- 

 ceipts from custom work and repairing, 1890, 

 were New York, Chicago, Philadelphia, Brooklyn, 

 and St. Louis. In 1880 New York held first 

 place, the next cities in order being Philadelphia, 

 Chicago, Brooklyn, and Boston, which last-named 

 city held sixth place at the taking of the eleventh 

 census. In the table on pages 754, 755, value of 

 products are shown under the heading " Goods 

 manufactured." 



Immigration. The number of immigrants 

 that arrived in the United States during the 

 year ending June 80, 1894. was 311.404, of whom 

 59,829 were returned as Germans, 43,959 Italians, 

 37,522 Russians, 33,867 Irish, 30,537 English, 

 27,397 Swedes and Norwegians, 20,573 Austrian*, 

 14,395 Hungarians, 7,235 Scotch, 5,576 Danes, 

 3,645 French, 3,445 Swiss, 2,536 Bohemians, 

 1.552 Poles, and 16,965 of other nationalities. 

 Of the total number, 253,390 landed at New 

 York. 19,801 at Philadelphia, 17,558 at Boston, 

 13,427 at Baltimore, 5,969 at San Francisco, and 



1,199 at New Orleans. There were 2,352 immi- 

 grants barred from entering, and 417 returned 

 within one year after landing. The number of 

 immigrants destined for the United States who 

 arrived at Canadian ports was 7,771. 



The Army. The strength of the regular 

 army at the close of 1894 was 2,145 officers and 

 25,812 enlisted men ; total, 27,957. There were 

 432 officers and 6,050 men in 10 cavalry regi- 

 ments, 280 officers and 8,975 men in 5 regiments 

 of artillery, 877 officers and 12.925 men in 25 

 regiments of infantry, and 556 officers and 

 2,862 men in the engineer battalion, ordnance 

 department, signal service, hospital service at 

 West Point, employed as Indian scouts and de- 

 tailed in recruiting parties and general service. 



The reorganization of the recruiting system 

 has released about 2,000 men formerly employed 

 in this service. The military posts at centers 

 of population and transportation have been 

 strengthened, and 15 smaller posts abandoned. 

 A large force was employed in protecting United 

 States property, aiding the process of Federal 

 courts, and removing obstructions to the per- 

 formance of functions of the Government dur- 

 ing the Western railroad strike. The militia of 

 the several States had an aggregate enrollment 

 of 117,533 officers and men at the close of 1894. 



Pensions. The entire number of pension- 

 ers upon the rolls on June 30, 1894, was 969,- 

 544. a net increase of 3.532 over the preceding 

 year. There were on the rolls 753,968 soldiers 

 and sailors, survivors of all wars ; 215,162 widows 

 and relatives of deceased soldiers, and 414 army 

 nurses. Of the total number, 937,505 are re- 

 ceiving pensions on account of the war of the 

 rebellion, and 82.039 on account of Indian and 

 other previous wars. The number drawing pen- 

 sions under the dependent pension law of 1890 

 is 469,344. The total amount expended for pen- 

 sions during the fiscal year was $139,804,461. 

 leaving a balance from the appropriation in the 

 Treasury of $25,205.712. The estimate for the 

 fiscal year 1896 is $140.000,000. The number of 

 pensioners added to the roll during the year 

 was 89,085, while the total number dropped was 

 87.951. The number of certificates issued was 

 80,213. Among the pensioners are 9 widows 

 and 3 daughters of soldiers of the Revolution, 

 and 45 survivors of the War of 1812. 



Post Office. The number of post offices on 

 June 30, 1894, was 69,805, an increase of 1,403 

 over the preceding year. There were 82,661 em- 

 ployees in the classified service. The number 

 of domestic money-order offices was 19,276 ; of 

 international offices, 2,625. There were issued 

 during the fiscal year 14.304.041 domestic orders, 

 of the aggregate value of $138,793,579, and 

 postal notes for $12,649,094. The number of in- 

 ternational money orders issued was 917,823, of 

 the value of $13, 792,455, and the number paid 

 was 361,180, of the value of $6,568.493. 



Public Lands. The public lands disposed 

 of during the fiscal year aggregated 10,406,100 

 acres, including 28,876 acres of Indian lands. 

 The vacant lands remaining are estimated at 

 606,040.313 acres, exclusive of Alaska, which 

 contains 360.000,000 acres, and of military and 

 other reservations, and railroad and other selec- 

 tions. Selections by railroad and wagon-road 

 companies awaiting examination and settlement 





