776 



WATER SUPPLY. 



There are G3 miles of mains, 8.700 meters, and 

 050 hydrants. 



Grand Rapids, Mich. This city was first 

 supplied with water in 1840. by the Grand 

 Rapids Hydraulic Company, which extended 

 its works from time to time until the city 

 constructed a plant in 1873-'75: in 1888 new 

 works were built. The present supply comes 

 from Carrier creek, Cold brook, and Grand 

 river in case of need, by pumping to a reservoir 

 with an area of 18 acres. In 1891 the city voted 

 to extend the supply by driving wells. The 

 pumping machinery has a daily capacity of 12,- 

 000,000 gallons. There is a distributing reser- 

 voir ; capacity, 6.000,000 gallons. There are 67 

 miles of mains, 460 meters, and 650 hydrants. 



Hartford, Conn. First supplied (probably 

 in 1797) by Hartford Aqueduct Company. 

 Works built in 1854, by the city, consisted of 

 a pumping station and an 8,000,000-gallon res- 

 ervoir on Asylum Hill, the water being taken 

 from the Connecticut river. In 1865-'67 gravity 

 works were built, with 5 reservoirs, whose com- 

 bined capacity is 1,300,000,000 gallons. The 

 supply is from brooks, with emergency supply 

 from the river. There are 90 miles of mains, 

 400 meters, and 540 hydrants. 



Indianapolis, Ind. Works were put in in 

 1870 by a private company, and in 1880 were 

 sold at sheriff's sale, when the Indianapolis 

 Water Company was organized, who improved 

 and extended the system. The supply is from a 

 filter gallery 2,000 feet long on-the bank of White 

 river, by direct pumping. The pumping ma- 

 chinery has a daily capacity of 22,000,000 gal- 

 lons. 'There are 85 miles of mains, 226 meters, 

 and 750 hydrants. 



Jersey City, N. J. The works were built in 

 1852 by the city, and Hoboken was included in 

 this system until about 1882 ; and water was 

 long furnished by it to Bayonne city and to 

 Kearney township. The supply is from the 

 Passaic river at Belleville, about 8 miles from the 

 city, whence it is pumped to a receiving reser- 

 voir on a ridge near the river, and conveyed 

 thence in pipes across the Newark meadows to 

 distributing reservoirs on Bergen Hill in the 

 city. The combined daily capacity of the pump- 

 ing machinery is 31,000.000 gallons. There are 

 2 standpipes, each 160 feet high, inclosed in a 

 tower of brick and brown stone 210 feet high. The 

 receiving reservoir at Belleville is 299x368 feet, 

 and is 16 feet deep. The conduit which crosses 

 the meadows is 22.300 feet long in all, being a 

 :;(>-inch main, 2,000 feet of which are of wrought 

 iron and cement, the remainder being of cast 

 iron. The 2 reservoirs on Bergen Hill, dis- 

 tributing and storage, have a combined capacity 

 of 237,000,000 gallons. There are 180 miles of 

 mains. 240 meters, and 1.750 hydrants. 



Kansas City, Mo. The franchise and plant 

 are owned by the National Water Works Com- 

 pany, which built it in 1873. The supply is from 

 the Missouri river mainly, by direct pumping, 

 first to settling basins, whence it flows by gravity 

 to a receiving tank with a capacity of 320,000 

 gallons. There are 3 separate works : the Quin- 

 daro, at a point just above Wyandotte, the Kaw 

 Point, and the Turkey creek works. At the 

 first of these are 2 sets of Holly-Gaskill pumps 

 with a daily capacity of 18,000.000 gallons, and 



settling basins with a capacity of 60,000,000 

 gallons. A 36-inch pipe, capacity 16,000,000 

 gallons, leads to the Kaw Point station and stand- 

 pipe. The Turkey creek works include a reser- 

 voir capacity of 18,000,000 gallons and pumping 

 machinery. The entire system includes water 

 furnished to Kansas City. Kan. New works 

 were projected in 1892. There are 140 miles of 

 mains, 2,000 meters, and 1,400 hydrants. 



Lincoln, Neb. The works were built in 1885 

 by the city. The supply is from driven wells, 

 from which the water is pumped to a stand pipe. 

 The capacity of the pumping machinery is 4.500,- 

 000 gallons'; the standpipe holds 140,000 gal- 

 lons, is 18 feet in diameter, and 75 feet high. 

 There are 28 miles of mains, 95 meters, and 246 

 hydrants. 



Los Angeles, Cal. The city is supplied by 

 4 systems : that of the City Water Company (be- 

 gun in 1862), formerly from Los Angeles river by 

 gravity, but now from springs by subdrainage"; 

 the Citizens' Water Company (1873), from Los 

 Angeles river by gravity and pumping to reser- 

 voirs ; that of the East Side Company, supplying 

 a high part of the city from springs; and that of 

 the Sierra Madre Water Company (1891), from 

 Arroyo Seco, by gravity. There are 250 miles 

 of mains, 330 meters, and 250 hydrants. 



Louisville, Ky. The work's were built in 

 1857-'60 by the Louisville Water Company, the 

 city owning the greater part of the stock. The 

 supply is from the Ohio river, pumping to reser- 

 voir, standpipe. and direct. Water is taken from 

 the river about 2 miles above the city limits. 

 The pumping machinery has a capacity of 37,- 

 000,000 gallons. The 2 reservoirs have a capacity 

 of 110,000,000 gallons. There are 150 miles of 

 mains, 700 meters, and 620 hydrants. 



Lowell, Mass. The works were built in 1872 

 by the city, the supply being taken from the 

 Merrimack river, pumping to a reservoir through 

 a filter gallery. A conduit leads it to the engine 

 house. The pumping machinery has a daily 

 capacity of 20.000,000 gallons, reservoirs 30,000,'- 

 000 gallons. There are 92 miles of mains, 1,900 

 meters, and 850 hydrants. 



Lynn, Mass. The works were built in 1870- 

 '72 by the city. The supply comes from Breed's 

 and Birch poiids. and 2 brooks in North Saugus, 

 whence it is pumped to a reservoir. These ponds 

 were formed by building dams across streams, 

 their combined storage capacity being about 

 600.000,000 gallons. The daily capacity of the 

 pumping machinery is 8,000,000 gallons ; that of 

 the reservoir 20,000,000 gallons. There are 92 

 miles of mains, 340 meters, and 660 hydrants. 



Memphis, Tenii. The works were built in 

 1872 by a private company, purchased and ex- 

 tended in 1880 by the Memphis Water Works 

 Company, and sold by them to the Artesian 

 Water Company in 1888. The present company's 

 works derive their supply from 80 artesian welh 

 pumping direct and to standpipe. The ne\ 

 plant of pumping machinery has a daily capacity 

 of 30,000,000 gallons ; the reservoir, 3,000,000 gal- 

 lons. The standpipe is 36 feet in diameter and 

 160 feet high. There are 70 miles of mains, 200 

 meters, and 350 hydrants. 



Milwaukee, Wis. Here the water works 

 were built by the city in 1872-'73. The water 

 supply is from Lake Michigan, pumping to 



