

YMhUkttl 



r -l - 



quorsd 



in* tbr r*rt of I h* 



and the A fKUn*. prompt- 



fa raft :....- 





TheAfkhano.i' 



inhabitant* 



.,-.-. .. ^ . ..-, 



' f .-" , '' -,'.-. \"f'! , . 



t^^ifr MUSBBt measures to avoid being enbr- 

 IBjBMdteUMir Usml posttloo. bv a /a/ accompli. 

 The fliasss intruder, vrrr nr*t expelled and 

 the toitliosJlnm thai tbry h.vl erected were 

 oeouiiiH by Basslan troops. Col '< 



.... . ...,:,<. \','. k :. :!, 



^ i^^ifc^^^^ of ttnMiAB liuuiju In ttwi Mlflltller 



of 10*4. and drove the invaders across the Panja. 

 The British amhsje* PetenJwr 



tuiert. and a tnirr wa* amuigml CoL Tonoff*s 



... . rthon -. : 

 of the Mwghab, ai '.Than* pn 



to interfere no more in Shignan ami Roshan 

 proding a sottlement of the disputed point* in 



gla*afUr the retirement of the Russiaii 

 lesajlenil the disputed territory and harassed 

 the Tajik natives' Still the Russians remained 

 oo the Marshal* while negotiation* proceeded 

 in London. The lint Mi diplomat* did not per- 

 slst in contending that Shignan and Roshaa be- 

 \fgnani0tan. An agreement was 

 by the Karl ley and M. de 



on March 11. 1*M. The Pamirs, with the 



re concede 

 of Shignan and Roshan and all 



, ' ' IV . .; !..>,, 



VkCoria or KarikuL Prom that fake eastward 



-.. -''.-.... .led bjaUM 

 which, starting from a point on that lake near 

 ite east em extremity, follows the crests of the 

 mountain range running somewhat to the south 



. . '.- ... i:,:. :.:-- 

 sky and Orta Bel passei. Thence the line runs 

 along the same rangr. while it remains to the 



'-.,-.: ' ", , .... ;,., ;..: _ 



that latitude it shaU descend a spur of the range 

 toward Kiril Rabat, on the Ak f that 



locality b found not to be north of the lati- 

 tude of U 



reotionso as to meet 

 (f H b found that 

 . ' ..;. ' I..,.. 

 Victoria, the line of tiemermtion shall be drawn 

 to the nearest convenient twin Aksu 



rbur south of that latitude, and thence pro- 

 loajed at aforesaid. 



it as arranged that a joint commission, cora- 

 pomd of Britbh and Russian delegates, with 

 iaahninel assbtante and a military escort no 

 UrRvr than would be necessary 

 should demarcate the boundary as thus defined! 

 The British Government was permitted 



T -"''{' 



> oharnd with the duty of'rraortiiig 

 at could ha ascertained on the spot 



menu to 



Urritnrrinthe 



vicinity of the line. The Britbh and the E 

 sian siiTirnmims cinrMeil to ab 



ercbing any political influence or control, the 

 . . : , : ,i), and th. other to the s,,,nh of 



th,- line of demarc-at: 



mentoncaced that the territory lying within the 



regarding the situotloo of the 

 with view to enable t) 

 come to an agr**m*nt with the 

 us to the limit* of C 



' influence between tin- Ihliilii 



in the t-ii 



[; ... 



of |j r shall 



Mory of the Ameer 

 .i.<l it .shall not br annexed to Great 

 Britain, and that no military poets or forts shall 

 be established in it. 



The execution of this agreement was made 

 . --ntmgrnt Upon th. 

 of Afghanistan of all th< 

 by his troo; ri^ht bank of the i 



aiid on the evacuation by the A men 

 of the jK.rtion ( .f Darwai which lii-> south of the 

 in n-gard to which the Mrit; 

 and the Governmeir u agreed to 



use their influence respectively with the two 

 Ameers. 

 The HritMi commission was : with 



: ;,- chief commissioner, a; 

 lloliiich and Major Wahab as survey oiliccrs. 



I .-uiii coi,,Mii-io!i was composed oi 

 Schweikoffsky as <h; irith M. 



fldin and Col. Galkin as assistants. Th 

 missioners proceeded to the ground in July. 



( hiti-al. The ' vending of British polit- 

 ical power over the border tribes between tin- 

 Indus valley and the Hindu Kush began * 



Aiissians became active in the Pamirs. 

 Costly little wars have been carried on under 

 the name of punitive expeditions again-t the 

 tribes that have hitherto owed allegiam. to 

 Cabul, and political agents have been pl.v 

 the independent states bordering u|>< n A 

 istan ana the Pamirs from Kh mere. 



Chitral, a state tliat 1m* been politically depend- 

 ent upon Afghanistan, occupies a valley into 

 which lead three passes of the Hindu 'Ku-h. 

 ' ..'HIM. 'dan state that was con- 

 solidated by the .Mehtar Aman-ul-Mulk. The 

 people are ' -peaking the Afghan lan- 



guage. A Brituh mission was sent to thai rulerin 

 1885 under Col. L.^klmrt. When the old Mehtar 

 died, in 1892, Af/ul-ul-Mu: :he throne. 



murdered a numlK-r <>f his half brothers, marohea 

 against Ni/am-ul-Mulk. his own lirother and the 

 ite heir. wli< was Governor of Yasin.and 

 drove him to take refuge under British pn- 

 at (iilu'it. The Government of India 

 recognized thi- usurping Mehtar. hut he was 

 kilhnl iu defeudin- the throne against a 



\ f/.ul. who raisexl a force in the 

 _ Afghan province of Badak-han. 

 where he ljv.-d in exile, killed the goven 



i capt ured the citadel of ( 'hit ral 

 ;>ri-e. The tiew usurper won the aff< 

 of the Chitralis by dispensing munificently the 

 -d treasure of old Aman-ul-Mulk: but he 

 was not accept able to the British, baring at( 

 power with the heir, of the Afglmi. 



Tor further 



fore set free their pri .tm-ul-Mnlk. and 



enabled hn (hit ral with I 



cruited in tJilgit. siij.portinjr liirn with I'.riti-h 

 troopa, whieh moved upon Yasin and perma- 

 nently 'hat province. Sh-r Af/ul, after 

 a single brush with the invaders, fled back to 

 Afghanistan and was interned at Cabul. 



