7" 



ACSTUAI 



Una of 



i 



in 1*M. which limits the dura- 

 to half an hour, 

 of credit and financial depression 



ml /.calami some years 



than loth* Australian colonies, the re- 



,. ,.M , > .- ' i ::.. ' 



ib* tradr m fmasn meal, the improved market 

 iun fum. the buoyancy of the quartx- 

 and incrmurd output of 



' , , .:-..'. 



. of Ifve cattle and r 



tie confidence of the Eng- 



le in New Zealand as a field for invest- 

 sss* attempted the ooloaialmn, 

 It had taken offlce on a nonborrowin- ; 

 to seek loans on favorable terms ,n the gutted 

 money saarkat of London, not, however, for pub. 

 lie works, which were being extended at a mod- 

 erair the ordinary revenue, in whioh 



b included the proceeds of sales of public lands. 

 The New Zealand Government had not I Crowed 

 in the London market since 1887. Meanwhile 

 ton public workshad been 8 

 Inion of its public men, what the 

 COMMIT mam. indort to increase its resources was 

 a good ciasv of settlers on the land, such as the 

 asafgrant farmer* who have developed the West 

 oftaw. United States. To promote the settle- 

 ment of the laml the Legislature had author- 

 favd advance* of money to settlers at a low rate 

 plications under this act soon 

 reached 500.000. and the Government decided 

 to raise 1,900.000 in the Ixmdon market to be 

 baaed out in this war. In the summer of 1805 

 colonial Treasurer Ward went to England to 

 cjotiale this loan and to borrow in addition 

 aHflCin for the purchase of private lands suit- 

 sMe for settlement; some of which had already 

 bcvn acquired by condemnation proceedings not 

 always satisfactory to the expropriated owners. 

 He desired further to obtain 850,000 for sur- 

 veys and roads, and 850,000 to be spent on 

 native lands, and to place 1.000.000 of con- 

 sols. In pursuance of its policy the adminis- 

 tration had increased the public debt during 

 besides bavin- Incurred a 



liability of 12.000,000 by guaranteeing the debts 

 of the llank of New Zealand. Mr. Ward con- 

 daded these financial arrangem 



FIJI. The Legislative Council, which makes 

 lav* for the colony, is composed of the Chief 

 Just*-, th* Attorney-General, the Receiver 

 oral, th- Commissioner of Lands, and the med- 

 ical officer, with the Governor as president. The 

 Governor, who is also High Commiwioner for 

 the Western Pacific, u Sir John II. Thurwton. 



Complaints were made in 1894 that th 

 eminent wan arbitrarr and oppressive, especially 

 in its dealings with the naUVea. The at t 

 of the Colonial Office was cal 

 death rale among the islanders, which was 50*12 

 per mtll* in I809L The Governor in hi-* reply 

 aftributH thi abnormal mortality to the preva- 

 jir%n epidemics, the ignorant nuper- 

 station of the native*, the want of nutritious 

 food for nursing mother*, and the unsanitary 

 condition of the booses. In January, is 

 islands were visited by a hurricane that destroyed 

 building* ami shipping, and did serious and last- 

 ing daman to the cocoanut and Imnana plan- 

 tations. The Government appropriated a sum 



AfSTKIA HfN(JAi:V. 



of money t pressing wants of the na- 



tive population, whose fcMni suppii,* were de- 



stroyeil. Th.- M.-th"li'-t ini--ims took steps to 

 afford more permanent relief. 



HritMi Neu (...inea. The mtheasteri 

 of the i-liiml of Ne\v (Juii us an- 



nexed to the llnti-h l-jujiire in isss. un<liT an 

 arrangement between the Imperial (i<>vrnmient 

 ,:h Wales, and \'iei,.- 

 ria, whereby these colour 

 toward the expenses of administratioo for the 

 lir-t ten years. The area is 88,480 8<|nare miles. 

 The |M,p,i'lation is about 850,000, of whom not 

 more than WX* are Knro|eati-. The nati\ 

 not be deported as contract 1 White 



men are allowed to acquire land under i 



ianliiitf the interests of the native 

 raee. With a view of encouraging settlors taxa- 

 ti-.n has U-en made li^'ht. and the settlement of 

 land-- laims and the aeijuisit ion of hind 

 dered easy, with but few and simple restrictions 

 upon the'rmpl'.ymeiit of native lahor. Land is 



offered at 2s. M. An acre. The Administrator 



since the first proclamation of British sover- 



eignty \\u< IHMMI Sir William Macffregor. The 



revenue in ix'.M was 6,00<). The value of 



imports wn The exports are tn 



lwood. 



pearl ^hell. p>!d. pearls, and sandal 

 <M) white miners are engaged in digging 

 gold in the Louisiad- Islamls. The forests con- 

 tain ebony and other valuable timber, (nims 

 are plentiful. Kattan grows luxuriantly, and 

 the cocoanut and sago palms are abundant . Tin- 

 exports in 1*!>4 were about 25,000 in value, in- 

 cluding ixMirls worth nearly 10,000. 



\( STRIA-HUNGARY, a dual immarchv in 

 central Kurope, composed, under the funda- 

 mental law of Dec. 21, 1867, of the Empire of 

 Austria and the Kingdom <f HuiiLrary. two in- 

 separable constitutional ni'>nar<-hie<* that are 

 declared to be hereditary in the male line of the 

 house of II apsburg- Lorraine, and in case of its 

 extinction in the female line. The legislative 

 power in regard to common affairs, which are 

 confined to diplomatic relations, the army, com- 

 mon finances, and the administration of I'-.-nia 

 and Herxecovina, is exercised by committees of 



the Icu'i-lativc bo<lies .f the two halves ,,f the 



emi>ire, which meet alternately in the tw 



taN. Vienna and Fimla-I'e-ili. These oommitteea, 



the Delegations, are composed of -JO of its 



elected every year by tin- An 

 House of L,,rds and- the same number from the 

 Hungarian Tab]. .,f M.v^nat,-. and 40 from each 

 of the lower houses, the HiiliLMriali Table of 



the Au-trian H" 



Deputies. The two Delegations meet and vote 

 separately, except when th.-r.- i- " disr_ r re-in-nt, 

 in which' case the m i. --id,.,! |,y j<.int 



ballot. The common ministers are n-p'-n-iUe 

 to the Delegations, and for any derelin 

 dutv they mav b, impeached. 



! Austria ami Kinirof Hungary 

 is Frnn/. .I f I. born Ant,'. JH, 1830, who was 

 proclaiinVd Kmperor -.f Austria when his uncle 

 Ferdinand I abdicated on Dec. 2. 1848, in conse- 

 quence of a popular uprising, and was crowned 



f Hungary and took his oath on the Con- 

 stitution on June 8. 1867. The heir presumptive. 

 is the Archduke Karl Ludwig, the Emperor's 

 brother; the next in succession, the latter's eld- 



