N 



BRA/11 



htllr Uod than Uw On main oat of rich bottom 

 bids; Ul t! latter SSttle down and beOOOM 

 ii iiiit ullissM white UM Italian* * 

 Skid 10 |0 beck to their own country when 



^-- 



of ti General GOT. 

 and expendi- 



III 1804 tht revenue 

 vat fOUoWOO. and eipenditure *MWOO 

 mttrais. TVt esUraat* of expenditure was 250,- 



,-,; ... - ' . 11 '<*?{ T" 



for UM MtsJstry of lh Interior and of Jus- 



,.;,-, - - M:, ' kf* 



44 milreis for the Ministry of 



mllreis for the Ministry of 

 istr of W 



milreis for the Ministry of 

 risje, and IjBlftjMS milreis f,.r the Ministry of 

 fbrain Affair*. The extraordinary exi 



ted at 116384.000 milreis. 

 _ are estimated at 270.108.000 mil- 

 ret* ^expenditures at *7MW.OOO milreis. 

 na total'dibiinlSOS amounted to 1,481,186,- 



>; . ;-! :, 



.. - , .- :- ' ir.aHWOmflrek, The 

 fjnSdabt was 261300,1 11 milreis and the in- 

 ternal debt 640,042300 milreis. besides whi -h 

 - , ;:-, HUM mOnk ol tMMory boodi 

 and m,17S310 of guaranteed bank notes. 



CtJMtrr* and Production. -After coffee, 

 of which 8300,000 bags were produced in 1802, 

 UM chief products are rubber, cotton, tobacco, 

 tie. sugar, and fruits. There were 450,000 

 in 1803. and 575,160 salted 

 of tallow, and 24,- 



7 kilogrammes of jerked beef were ex- 

 ported. The exports of coffee and India rubber 

 go largely to the United States. The value of 

 UM exports to North American ports in 1892 was 

 tllMMjfttM, while only $14,301378 worth was 

 imported from North America. Most of the im- 

 ports come from Great Britain. Germany, and 

 France. The imports of cotton (l<>th f nun Great 

 Britain amounted in 1808 to about $17,000.000, 

 the iron imports to $8,000.000. maoUosrr im- 



*: ..... : HI !...<-J.<MH>00, 



and imjwfts of coal to $1^00,000. 



Nai Ir-tlon. There were entered in 1808, at 

 Rio de Janeiro. 1307 Teasels, of 2.062.204 tons, 

 and clear*.! 924,440 tons; at BnK 



- . . . :;-. . f 



U07.712 tons; at Rio Grande do Sul were en- 

 tered 471 vessels, of 800.708 tons, and cleared 

 ;- ' . ' :;, - ft 0f B bs^ !-:. 

 viaiili are inhibit**.! from the coasting 

 The registered Teasels of over 100 tons 

 in 1804 were 164 steamers, of 110,068 

 tea* and 186 sailing Tessete, of 3*908 tons. 



< ..inTiiiini. .ill..,.,. . . -A. r . ;.;.M m: ;,., 

 of rmilrtd* in operation. 8315 miles were l.uil-1- 

 IM. and 13.411 miles more were projected in 



,; :, : , . .... 



owned 1JH6 miles and snbsidixed 1316 miles, 

 and the hoods paying 6 and 7 per cent, of many 

 of the others were guaranteed. 



There were 9.170 miles of u lymphs in 1802, 

 with 143 miles of win, all belonging to the 

 * di P* tch6B wlt In 



The postottee in 1800 forwarded 18346.780 

 privateletteri, 10380,185 journals and circulars, 

 and 1361,700 registered letters and packets; re- 



ceints were 8^48,421 milreis, and expenses 0,328,- 



Tfce Army and Navy. Personal 

 three years in the army and three years in the 

 reserve is obligator)*. \< , pt 

 etnpt classes. The standing army consists of 

 40 battalions of infanti ments of cavalry. 



icnt* of field art'illery.W battalions of foot 

 artilli-n. and 'J battalion- of pioneers, besides 



; The p. MM etTecthr III 1S|.J was 



1,600 officers and 80,000 men. The gendarmerie 

 numbers 20,000. 



The naval force consists of 2 battle ships, the 

 ;iie|.. " and " 'Jt de Male." 8 large cruisers, 

 coast-defense ironclads, 28 small cruiser 

 gunlHuiis. and 7 first-class and 5 secoini 

 tor|HHlo lK>aU. Two powerful new battle ships 

 are building in France. 



The Revolt in Rio Grande. In the b. -in- 

 ning of 189.") the rebels in Kio Grande do Snl 

 took the field under the command of Admiral 

 Saldanha da Gama. The Mra/ilian troop- in 

 pursuing one of the bands crossed the frontier 

 and came into collision with Uruguayan troops. 

 who opposed their advance, killing 1 officer and 

 8 soldiers. On March 1 the rebels d< -f.-ated a 

 column of 500 troops near the frontier. The 

 Government charged Uruguay with openly aid- 

 ing the insurgents, and the Senate debated a res- 

 olution to declare war against 1'ruguay as the 

 only means of ending the revolt. Later the 

 Government forces were successful, and n 

 the rebels retired into Uruguay. In .Jui 

 miral da Garaa, at the head of 400 sailors, was 

 engaged by a brigade of 1,200 Government 

 troops near Santa Ana. He repelled five charges 

 of cavalry, but at last, when 800 were killed or 

 wounded on both sides and most of his men had 

 abandoned the field, he ordered the handful who 

 stood by him to retreat, and then cut his own 

 throat On July 2 Gen. Galvao, commanding 

 the Government troops, arranged a week's armis- 

 tice with Col. Tavjire-. chief of the rebel forces. 



The men on both sides \v-re tired of result less 



bloodshed, and could not be led into bat t le. The 

 rebels were willing to come to terms if Gov. 

 Castilho would retire, but the Cabinet <-.,uM not 

 agree upon sacrificing him. Negotiations were 

 reopened. The proffer of Uruguay and the 

 Argentine Republic to mediate was indignantly 

 rejected. (Jen. Saraiva collected a new force of 

 several thousand rebels on the border of I'ru- 

 guay, ready to resume the conflict. At last terras 

 of peace were agreed to in August, to which 

 i-tilho, who had before stood out for un- 

 conditional surrender, gave his assent. A free 

 pardon was granted to all who laid down their 

 arms, with a guarantee of all civil rights to 

 every person implicated in the revolution, in- 

 cluding the right to appeal to the courts for the 

 redress of injuries committed by the troops. Dr. 

 Ca*til ho was to remain as Provisional Governor 

 until the meeting of the State Congress, which 

 should alter the Constitution so as to make it 

 conformable with the constitutions of the other 

 States. The amnesty bill was passed in Sep- 

 tember after a sharp debate in both houses, with 

 modification.* debarring rebel officers from the 

 army and navy for two years, and extending 

 the amnesty to other political offenders and 



