f4S KLKa BBNKVOLBNT ORDER OP 



iikv iir\noi.i-\T *M 



charitable t,.. 



of the order to to aid and pr 

 and Ihnr families, and to pr>- 

 rrourwe. In the 



it was eomnoeeit of a few gentlemen 

 of "the theatrical profession, drawn together for 

 eoetei tatemirw. It has now dereloned into n 

 powerful organixation of *M>00 men.u r-. :rh 

 lodfr* ia more than tSO dtie* of 

 Htale*. While laiiellSfS of the theatrical pro. 

 and prominent in the or- 

 contain the names of many m 

 and occupation*. Only one 

 lrmittod in any town or eity. This 

 fa to prevent the rivalry, conflict, and jealouny 

 that sumrtisass embarrass secret societies. The 

 iaiUaUco fee varies from f 15 to $100 in lodges 

 to the raricios cities. The average dues are $6 

 a tear. The order to not beneficial, but it is 

 claimed to expend more in unostentatious ,-har- 

 UT than any other in the world. The amount 

 enrages $10 a week to those who are in dis- 

 trws*. but the sum is usually limited b\ the 

 needs of the suffer, r. Then- nre no ranks, titles, 

 or emolnmenti in the order. All Klks have 

 efiual right* under their laws. To join the order 

 of Rika, the applicant must be a man of good 

 heahh, most be twenty-one years of age, must 

 believe in a Supreme Being, must be a citizen of 

 the United States, and must have some honor- 

 able occupation or visible means of support. 

 Another body, which the Grand Lodge, at its 

 in Jamestown, N. Y, declared to be - un- 

 illegal. and revolutionary." held its 

 al Atlantic city in 1*94; but the two 

 wines of the order are now practically united. 



EMilNKKRINt Miip < analH." On .June 

 SI the Emperor of Germany, attended by an 

 immense fleet of war ships representing all the 

 maritime nations of the world, officially opened 

 rth Sea and Baltic Shin Canal. Since 

 fln* the nations of northern Europe began to 

 build ships, study navigation, and realize the 

 imj-ortanc* of short cote by water from sea to 

 esa the desirability of a canal across the base of 

 the Danish peninsula has been obvious. A be- 

 ginning was made in 1889. and a narrow canal 

 was made, following natural watercourses and 

 serving for the passage of small craft. This 

 was in nee until 1784. when the Eider Canal 

 was opened from a point near the eastern end 

 of the present canal to Rendsburg (82 miles), 

 the remainder of the distance being by way of 



' 



etd annually bv about 4,000 vessels, but the 

 locks carried onlv 10 feet of water, so that ves- 

 tis of uv eone&rabie else were still obliged 



to make ilM dMIPlim nm^mnm mw^,,nA T\l 



*"iamu paaaage arounu uen- 

 mark. On the oondaeion of the Schleswig 1 1 1 

 s^ oomplicaUom, ia 1818, Bismarck, foreseeing 

 the comia* naeessitto. of commerce and of war, 



"wwrtaconeemloo of land from the principal- 

 the conMru- n of mien a 

 canal as ha* now been completed. The attain- 

 roao unity a few rear* Inter further 

 the IK**! ty of mich a canal. :m<l 

 SJf W J& l-ir T Ubelm 1 cially beran the 

 The canal a* completed i, a little more 

 tkw* mta loag, aad, for the easterly part of 



rXHNBERING, 



lie course, follows the line of the old 

 Canal, then bending southward till it enters 



the lower Kibe where then- is a li:i\ l^ll'le depth 



of about 40 feet. Theoretically, the wholi 



is at the Itallie-Sea level, which i- |'niciieally 



u na fleet rd I iy the tide'.; but the rise and fall o'f 



the North Sea al the month of th- I! 



ab..ut 20(f) feet, so thai a -\-lein of tida 



and gates has been established at I'.run-i-iiii.-i. 

 where t he canal proper debouches into the n\er. 

 At Eiolteneau, the lialtic terminus, storm ffatel 

 only are required, which will be e, 



icressary, because of violent pl< from t| u . 

 east This occurs, accord m- to oilman 



an average of twent m :i \, ar. but. 



e\en when it is necessary to keep <h< 



; from hour to hour, tie \ 

 for intervals of a few minute-*, -ullicient i 

 vessels into ! he canal. The tidal lock- at I'.runs- 

 buttel, on the contrary, will be habitually kept 

 closed, except during three hours of t- 

 tide. These locks are constructed like ordinary 

 canal locks, and vessels can be passe< I 1 1 

 them at an v time, subject to the ordinar\ 

 A sheltered basin is formed by two m'oi- 

 tending into the river, between which vessels 

 may await their turn for the |ock>; iln- ba-in 

 is 828 feet wide by 1,312 feet Ion-. Then ,,,,,.. 

 the parallel double locks, each 

 between sills and :',o f,-et deep. Th.-e w; 

 all save the very largest war ships at am 

 of the tide, and of course ships of any -i/e 

 whatever can pass during the hours of 

 water, when the gates are left open altogether. 

 It is estimated that 4 steamers or !' sailing 

 vessels of ordinary dimensions can 

 through at once. Inside the !<>< k- i- an inner 

 harbor 656 by 1,640 feet for vessels bound west- 

 \\.trd that have come through the canal and 

 await their turn to get to sea. The g< 

 width of the canal proper i- 197 feet at the 

 water surface and 7'J feet at the bottom, with a 

 depth of 29 feet 6 inches. Ordinarily, merchant 

 vessels going in op|M>site directions can pa-- one 

 another anywhere: but with an eye to future, 

 increase of tonnage and to existing men-of-war, 

 there are at convenient points along the route 

 6 basins 328 feet wide. 



The locks at Holteneati are similar! 

 with outer and inner harbors or ba>ins. l',,iir 

 railroad bridges cross the canal, two of which 

 at Brunt 1ml and Levensau are fixed b: 

 and two at Unid-burg and Mrnn-buMcl are 

 swinging draws. The fixed bridges B 

 above the water, so that by -ending down their 

 royal masts, the loftiest -parted v -. els ean pass. 

 The drawbridges are arranged in pairs. duili- 

 cated that is, at some di-tan<-.- apart so that 

 if one of them is closed to railroad t rallu b\ the 

 passage of vessels the other one can. in 

 oases, be available. Provision is also made for 

 foot and carriage traffic. The I.M-'M of lin- 

 ing sections of these bridges 

 . it is claimed, than any other similar 

 siructure in Kurope. In this country, where 

 such bridges have been longer in u-e. there are 

 several of greater length. All the machinery 

 of locks and bridges is o|>erated by hydraulic 



In the main, the line of the old Kider Canal 

 has been followed for the easterly section, hut 



