

One of the first result* of the Japanese victo- 

 ries ovi-r i lu> t luncx- and the .ks was 

 theatU'inptcd reform 'f ti. .iii-.nal ad- 

 ministration. Th Mm fati"ii and the pro- 

 radically eliminated. 

 ,-le an ini|Mi>ing jour- 



t bs <>f Ins ancestors, and with 



ofemn talh an Me- abjured all alle- 



gjinc to,. rde|endemc on rhina. asserted Korean 

 I : ; : ml* : i- fORDft ThCM lal- 

 tr mv : Separation of national ex|ensc- 



the civil U-! : !i\inj of tin- iin- ofsaooesskasoas 



to avoid nil r.-urt intiii;ue ihr-u-li tin- influence 

 of the (jurcn and pala. e underlines ; a public 

 budget to IN- mad. annually: ymmi: IIM-II t- In- 

 tent abroad i -tudy; reform of the military 

 system and f i\U anil criminal law; appoint- 

 illce to be made according to ability 

 n l not by favoritism; smptoymenl of i 

 t.-ii. ni for advice and assistance. < M 



in S4 inc, despite great dilVicn: 

 opposition, have been carried out. Korea is 

 now a constitutional monarchy instead of an ir- 

 responsible despot i-m. On June 20 the first of 

 a series of royal ordinance complet- 

 ixed the provincial administration. 'I he i -i^ht 

 une geographical expressions 

 only. In their place are 'J:! pn-f. -ctiircs. wit h 

 161 districts, in which are 230 revenue officers. 

 In place of the old triple premier-hip is a < 'abi- 

 8 boards of administration. These are: 

 \riny. .Ill-lie,-. Kduca- 

 . and Public Works; 



and Koyal Household. In addition, a new judi- 

 ciary has been established, with new codes of 

 laws and 6 con: m-. a> follow-: spe- 



cial, convened only by the King on recommenda- 

 1 the Ministrrof Justice; supreme, circuit, 

 ami for the capital, treaty |>orts, and pn-\ 



- abroad, the, mini^- 



ter at Washington IK-HI- Hon. 1'om-Kwoi 



A postal system was inaugurated in .Inly. 

 with starn'ps of 4 denomination s engrave in 

 the t'nited States. The army consists of 5,000 



: the invtnu-tion of American and 

 Japanese officers. Tin-re i- n<, mint or navy. A 

 telegraph runs from - I i-ju. on the'chi- 



frontier. and from Seoul to Fu>an. The 



wirrey f a proposed railway from Chemulpo to 

 Seoul, and from Seoul to Pusan. hits !.:. 

 'ruary a 21-inch tramw. 

 Vun-I'o to I'in-- 



t he power used Ix-iiii: human muscle, wa- 

 plMod. April 21 11? Korean lad- went to study 

 in Japan. Mrs. Esther I'ak Is a student of 

 medicine in Chicago. 



FlaanceA. The Government derives its reve- 

 nue from various sources: 1. A land tax. which 

 fiii.K from rear to year according to the har- 

 vest gathered; 2. a house tax; :'.. cu-toms 



revenue at three open port*: 4. licenses to 

 trading guilds gold miners, etc.: :,. mi-cellane- 

 CSJS taxes. In 1805 the Government borrowed 

 from Japan $3.500.000 to carry out reforms. 



NM the official utat 



4309.410 yen; expendtem '. .how- 



mr deftcienry of 1.463.974. T 

 pease are: Royal household. .VMKHH 

 MBce, 71,392; Home Department. 1.4<M, 

 rr^urr Apartment, 1,740,006; Armv. 1.028,- 

 401 ; Justice, 47.294 : Education, 124,422 ; Agri- 



. ulture, Commerce, and Public Won 

 extra.-. reserve fund, soo.oon 



srniil and the IN.rts. T|,,. canital is tinely 

 situated on a s^.il of decomposed grain- 

 has good drainage into Han n\i. Th, 

 kid out wit n either - 



:ii>hingly filthy, with nai 



< m the north and .south riM- imjM>sing moui 

 The 15 palace incl,,-ur.-- are ,-M the n..rl h 

 the city, facing the sun. On the f. . 

 above the general level the .Iapaiie.-e. An 



:. and liii .' !<>ns. ami the ' 



h-t and l-'reiich U-man ( 'alln.iic . -tablis! 

 are built, \ he general n. 



one-s|,,ry tiled or thatched hou i 



dwellings are honeshoe-shaped . with a; 



court and a high wall, which shuts out tl 

 of OOe Oeiffbbor from the other. There 



avenue iii the city, rimnr 

 to west, from which iliverge the wid 

 ing to the palace pate, in front of which n 

 the event- that in i n have be- 



scribed in Western new-papers have taker 

 :,u r from the impo-in^ .;ate t-u. : 

 loom up over the city wall on the southu 

 wide hii:hwa\>. which open into H.. 

 the main street, where stand- the liiir b. , 

 whi-h are the chief shops, fact'.ne-. and store- 



A crenelated wall 1(5 feet high ii 

 the whole cit\. cros-ing hill, valley, and si 

 The native population of the cil 

 computed at :{(KMHKI. On Jut 

 Japanese population consisted of: Male 

 females. 5:57; total. l.-|:!s. The whit, 

 diplomatists, and mi-sionarie- nuinber mi. i 

 100. Three treaty ports are op." 

 and foreign resident-. Chemulpo, 20 mile^ 

 of the canital, contains a .Japanese ponuhr 

 4,243 ant! atxnit 200 Americans and Bun 

 It ha- 1 or 2 well-metaled and curbed street 

 several buildings in foreign -t\le. I-'usan. 

 southeast coast, contain- !.:()? .lapai 

 sanon Hi-mighton's liay. ha- a small sett lei 

 .lapanese and other nationalities. The Chinese 

 are steadily advancing in numbers and I 

 capacity to the status held before the 



Christianity. In 1777 some literary n. 

 the annual Korean embassy to IVkin receJfV 

 a present of books from the Jesuit mi--ionaim 



< >n their return home they organized <'h: 



ity after the model of the lloman < ,i'h'.li< 

 <'iiurch. After Chine-e priest- had been -ent 

 in the first French mi ioiiary. di-. 

 .M motirner. penetrated the forl' 

 try. Other- followed, and native - 

 creased, de-pite the ban and bloody perse* / r<- 

 of the Government. In \^< llI "?H? 



entered Korea, a do/en of whom were then 

 When, to the joy of the hunted native Chi 



"f liii-sian ships seerncii 

 isolation of the kingdom the Tai -Wen-K 

 dered fresh persecutions. Nine I'rei 

 beheaded, and more than lO.OOn i-. 

 killed, exiled, or made refugees in liu ian terri- 

 tory. In more peaceful time- the Fnn 

 -ionaries return- id had a 



the or[)hanage "f ST. Paul de ('ha' 

 mother superior and 4 sister-, and t; 

 Ryong-San with 14 French instructor-: ' 

 tire establishment in Seoul under the apostolical 



