768 



WEST AFRICA. 



spurred Knpland and France to extend their 

 paeBestffona. nnd the rivalry between th. 

 powers that began with - xpedition- 



nn 1 the -vcunng of treaties from the native 

 -..ok the form of mil. Miests when 



Tit.-nmtioiial la powers were 



to agree upon mil U.und- 



arietnot onl> f r their possessions on the coast, 



r their spheres of interest because A 



1 ilehmited. the 



coasts faced west. -outh. and southwest, n 



->ied on the Niger, and 2 also on th 

 ,, northern iNiiuiilary of the Cone. 

 lined in a convention fir-t made between 

 the International Association of th- 



v. 8, 1884, and signed bv 1 



ruary, 1885. T 



iinany, first organized in 1882, 



i ISS^TO about 800 treaties from na- 



Korgu nnd Sokoto. and the 



whole ba-;n of the middle Niger and the Beiiite, 

 -. rman IIOJM-S of trade and colo- 

 nization and endeavoring to thwart French ex- 

 pansion in the Soudan. The company obtained 

 a royal charter on July 10, 1886. By an agree- 

 ment made with Germany by the British Gov- 

 ernment ii, >stt. the line between the 

 Company and Cameroons 

 was to be drawn from a point on the Cross river 

 to some point on the Bennc. east of Vola, which 

 was fixed at a point near the mouth of th 



supplementary agreement of Nov. 15, 



l&tt, while the delimitation was further ex- 



: to a point on the southern shore of Lake 



.iboiit 40 miles east of Kuka. the capital 



iu. By an agreement concluded between 



igli*h and French governments on Aug. 



ft. 1890. the limit between their spheres is a line 



from Say, on the upper N ! '.arraw a, on 



Lake Chad, drawn so as t 



Company all that properly belongs to the King- 



- koto, An agreement was ma-: 

 tween France and Germany in IMM. by which 

 Germany abandoned to France the ////// 

 of the Cameroons, excepting the trade route to 

 Lake Chad, permitting th.- French to extend 

 1 ._' territory northward behind 

 the Cameroon H and east of the Shari to Lake 



md ultimately, if they forestall th- 

 luh in Bornu orWadai, to join their possessions 

 on the Congo with the French Soudan, thus 

 hutting out Kngland from the central Soudan, 

 iting in a continuous colonial empire the 

 French possessions on tie . the Ivory 



i nch G ng. and Gabon, 

 ihr French Soudan, the Sahara, and A 



~ . . north of the French 

 Met of Seneoambia, from Cajie Blanco to Cnjie 

 Joby. whore England has some territory, has 

 been cononkd to Spain, which claim- Ad'rar in 



gjUmkPranceasto th'e limit , f ; 



Spin hasd ,t times 



j**'U*h a Rnvernin. lit in thoe territories, or 



triable 



men France and Liberia in 1894, the Ca- 

 raJJy nr. r a ma<lc the boundary b- 



oties on the Irory Coart. and the 

 districts behind Liberia that WrV occupied 



by the Sofas . knowledge^ 



to be within the l-'ren.-h sphere. In th< 



year the l-'rench republic made a treaty \\ith 



the Congo State. ( -edinu' to ill- latt i 



tory in the Welle region occupied by ' 

 bfOOPS, tli'-u-h 11 i- north ,,f ||,,. lih parallel. 



-vanish protectoi 



OOOajuare mil.-, \\jih p, i >no inhabit- 



ant .. The l-'reiieh OOIOU] 



i a popuhr 



K). Including its depend. 

 -|Uar- mile-, with a population ,,f ; 



aectorates having m 



'.nti,^. and about 80,000 p 

 tion. There are -JUJmili-sof railroad in 

 gal. The I- ruta-.laloii terri- 



tory have an extent "f .}-J.;(.M> s.|iiare mi i. 

 about WO.OOO inhabitants. The >ettlcm.' 

 the Ivory Coast are Grand Bassum. A 

 (Jrand Lahou. and .!a<-ke\ ille. Frmn ti 



; i jmitectorat.- I, a- b.-.-n extended O\ 

 Kingdom of Kong, and into the Snidan. < n 

 the Gold Coasl Krench establishments 



at Pot Etotouu, Grand Popo, and Agoae*, 



.-iii'l a protectorate has been ini).-.-..d upon the 

 Kingdom of Dahomey, which has a population 

 of about 600,000. The extent ..f the I 

 possessions hen- is undetermined. The Kn-li-h 

 seek to cut them off from thoxe on the upper 

 The French Soudan embraces all the 



i of the upper Senegal and the upper 



. The annexed territories on the Si 

 have an area of 51.000 square mile^, and :;I;IHMMI 

 tiopulatioii. Tin? protectorates wen 

 in 1891 to have an area of 230,000 square miles, 

 ami 2,500,000 population. The French 

 including (Jabun. with the territories on the 

 I'bangi, has an area estimated at 300,000 square 

 miles, with a population e-timated at r..;^ 



The liritish Niger protectorates an 

 to have an area of 500,000 square miles. \\nh 

 over 20,000,000 Inhabitants; but this includes 



areas that the French have not con 



i. The liriti-h colony of (iambia. 

 siirroiiiiled by French territory, has an nv 

 2,700 square miles, and a po|inlation of 

 including <W whites. Sierra Leone has at 

 of4,0 'iiile^. an- 1 had 71>:5.") mhal'it- 



ants in ISJM. of whom 'J'J 1 WCW whites. The 

 protected territories have an ll.oixi 



square miles, and 105,000 inhabitant-. The 

 (iold Coast colony and j : . including 



A shanti. are 46,600 square mile- in extent with 



Mnated population of 1. 

 an i-land on tin- Slave ( 'oa^t. u jtli the pr 

 territory on the mainland, ha- 

 square "mile-, and about IOM.O'MI inhabitant . 

 Behind it i- Voruba. having 1!" mile-. 



and :;.(MMi.(KKi inhabitnnts. 



, liia. and inclosed lik. v, }-. by I-'rench 

 posses <iii idea, for w! 



area of M." .-.imed, wi; 



(KKI inhabitant-. 



I and 



Little I'opo have an area of 19,600 square miles. 



and 800,000 inhabitant* The Caraer- 



''".(KK) miles, and the pojiiilation is 



The independent republic of Liberia ha- 

 diminished by Kngli-h encroachment- from 

 Sierra Leone, and by French annexation- in the 



