82 OF THE ADVANCEMENT OF LEARNING. [PAGES 







Bacon says in reply (p. 13) that the learned man alone knows 

 when a theory is proved, and when it is not : and within what 

 limits, and under what circumstances, exceptions to a rule are 

 reasonable. 



1. 26. too immoderate, etc. It is said that learned men will 

 aim presumptuously at equalling the greatness of the most 

 celebrated men of whom they have read in history : or that 

 they will simply attempt to imitate the past, forgetting that 

 what is possible in one age is impossible in another. In reply 

 to this Bacon says (p. 13) that only ignorant men will regard 

 every historical personage as a model to be imitated, and every 

 historical event as a precedent to be followed. 



1. 27. incompatible, not suited to the times in which they live. 



1. 29. travails, the two forms travail and travel were used 

 indiscriminately to express labour, as in this passage, and 

 journeying. Dean Church quotes a passage from Hooker in 

 which the connection between the two meanings is expressed 

 "Rest is the end of all motion, and the last perfection of all 

 things that labour. Labours in us are journeys, and even in 

 them which feel no weariness by any work, they are but ways 

 whereby to come unto that which bringeth not happiness till it 

 do bring rest." 



1. 35. in embassage, on an embassy. In the year 155 B.C. 

 the Athenians sent an embassy to Rome to ask for the remission 

 of a fine which had been imposed on their city. Carneades, a 

 philosopher of the sceptical school, was one of the envoys. The 

 story is told by Plutarch in his life of Cato, ch. xxii. 



Page 10, 1. 1. that, redundant. Abbott (Sh. Gr. 287) points 

 out that that was affixed to words originally interrogative to 

 give them a relative meaning, and was then by analogy attached 

 to other words such as if and though. 



1. 6. at unawares, we should omit ' at. ' Unawares is a genitive 

 form. Needs, in the sense of necessarily, is another example of 

 an adverb formed from the possessive inflection of nouns. 



1. 11. The second between is superfluous. The meaning is, 

 ' between policy and government on the one hand, and arts and 

 sciences on the other. ' 



1. 12. challenging, claiming. JEn. vi. 852. 



1. 22. to make the worse matter seem the better, i.e., to em 

 ploy sophistical arguments in defence of a bad cause. Socrates 

 was tried and condemned B.C. 399. 



1. 26. countenance, appearance. 



1. 31. the like instance, i.e., so good an instance. 



1. 36. Epaminondas, the Theban, in the fourth century B.C. 



