16-19.] NOTES. 91 



of the statesmanship of his time : and he himself has been un 

 fairly charged with the immorality which distinguished the 

 statecraft of that age in Italy. Bacon is referring to ch. 1 of the 

 3rd book of his Discourses on Livy. 



1. 19. delicacy, luxury. 



1. 21. civility, refinement. Bacon means that mere material 

 prosperity does not constitute civilization. Without learning 

 man would be " devoid of every finer art and elegance of life."- 

 Thomson, Summer, v. 1761. The poverty of learning means the 

 poverty of the learned. 



1. 23. worthy the observation, it is worth noticing, reverent, 

 reverend, venerable. 



1. 25. without paradoxes, the Romans were distinguished for 

 plain common sense. The words paradox and paradoxical signify 

 what runs counter to received opinion. 



1. 36. after that, See on p. 10, 1. 1. 



Page 18, 1. 4. summary, efficacious. The counsellor alluded to 

 in the text is supposed to be Sallust. 



1. 11. it was truly said, the saying is attributed to Diogenes 

 the Cynic. 



1. 15. misgovernment, intemperance. 



1. 24. not taxed with, free from. 



1. 25. civil, public. 



1. 29. allowing, admitting : approving. It is the Latin allau- 

 dare, to praise. Bacon means that * it at once recommends itself 

 to our minds, and commands our assent as soon as it is proposed.' 



This only, etc. Bacon means to say that the public often 

 keep a man's merits in remembrance all the more, because 

 Government does not honour them as they deserve. Tacitus 

 says of another man, " The refusal of the honour heightened his 

 renown." It was the custom at Roman funerals to carry in pro 

 cession the images of the ancestors and relations of the deceased. 

 See Tac. Ann. iii. 76. Junia, who died A.D. 22, was the wife of 

 Cassius and the sister of Brutus. Their images were not carried 

 in the procession because they had been guilty of the murder of 

 the first Caesar. 



Page 19, 1. 2. traduced to contempt, held up to contempt. 

 ' Traducement,' below, signifies ' calumny.' Cf. p. 12, 1. 5. Mr. 

 Wright points out that the word is used here with a distinct 

 reference to its original meaning ' to lead along, lead in proces 

 sion,' and so ' to parade.' Hence ' traduced to contempt ' would 

 mean 'paraded contemptuously, or so as to excite contempt.' 



1. 4. it, redundant. Cf. p. 2, 1. 17. disesteeming, disparaging. 



