356 APPENDIX. 



In consequence of the lateness of the season, 

 most of the birds that breed here had already left 

 the neighbourhood ; we therefore saw only such 

 birds as pass the winter here, and also a number 

 of aquatic birds that were daily arriving from the 

 north. Of the former we met with five kinds of 

 Icterus; one quite black, except the shoulders, 

 which were red ; these were extremely numerous, 

 and sleep, like the Icterus phcenicius, among rushes. 

 The Sturnus ludovicianus and Picus auratus of the 

 United States, are also found in California; the 

 Percnopterus califurnicus, Corvus mexicanus, and 

 Perdix californica, are already known. A large 

 grey crane, probably from the north, remained here: 

 upon the whole, the number of birds observed, 

 amounted to forty. 



A few Amphibia were found concealed under 

 stones ; namely, a large Tachydromus, a Tropydurus, 

 a Crotalus, a Coluber, and four Salamandrides : among 

 the latter was one with the body covered with warts, 

 and a narrow compressed tail, the glands of the ear 

 wholly wanting ; the others had long narrow bodies 

 of about the thickness of a common earth-worm, 

 with short legs, standing far apart, and toes scarcely 

 perceptible to the naked eye. 



Nearly two hundred kinds of beetles were col 

 lected : with the exception of the Lampyris corrusca 

 Fabr., which, according to Banks, is found on the 

 Columbia river, all are as yet undescribed. Upon 

 the dry ground, under stones, many Heteromerides, 



