OKIGIN OF TRIBAL NAMES. 39 



faflier was called Crosliek, after the name of his cottage, 

 to distinguish him from other Camerons employed about 

 the premises; and that his children had come to be simi 

 larly distinguished. Though here, as very generally in 

 Scotland, the nickname was derived from the place of 

 residence, yet had it been derived from an animal, the 

 process would have been the same inheritance of it would 

 have occurred just as naturally. Not even for this small 

 link in the argument, however, need we depend on infer 

 ence : there is fact to bear us out. Mr. Bates, in his &quot; Nat 

 uralist on the River Amazon &quot; (2d ed., p. 376), describ 

 ing three half-castes who accompanied him on a hunting 

 trip, says : &quot; Two of them were brothers namely, Joao 

 (John) and Zephyrino Jabuti ; Jabuti, or tortoise, being a 

 nickname which their father had earned for his slow gait, 

 and which, as is usual in this country, had descended as 

 the surname of the family.&quot; Let me add the statement 

 made by Mr. Wallace respecting this same region, that 

 &quot; one of the tribes on the river Isanna is called Jurupari 

 (Devils). Another is called Ducks ; a third, Stars ; 

 a fourth, Mandioeca. : Putting these two statements 

 together, can there be any doubt about the genesis of these 

 tribal names ? Let the tortoise become sufficiently distin 

 guished (not necessarily by superiority great inferiority 

 may occasionally suffice) and the tradition of descent from 

 him, preserved by his descendants themselves if he was 

 superior, and by their contemptuous neighbors if he was 

 inferior, may become a tribal name. 1 



1 Since the foregoing pages were written, my attention lias been drawn by 

 Sir John Lubbock to a passage in the appendix to the second edition of &quot; Pre 

 historic Times,&quot; in which he has indicated this derivation of tribal names. He 

 says : &quot; In endeavoring to account for the worship of animals, we must remem 

 ber that names are very frequently taken from them. The children and fol 

 lowers of a man called the Bear or the Lion would make that a tribal name. 

 Hence the animal itself would be first respected, at last worshipped.&quot; Of the 

 genesis of this worship, however, Sir John Lubbock does not give any specific 



