26 Expansion and Peace 



cording to his moral theories they would now be ex 

 tinct, and savages would have taken their place. 

 Unjust war is a terrible sin. It does not nowadays 

 in the aggregate cause anything like the misery that 

 is caused in the aggregate by unjust dealing toward 

 one's neighbors in the commercial and social world ; 

 and to condemn all war is just as logical as to con 

 demn all business and all social relations, as to 

 condemn love and marriage because of the frightful 

 misery caused by brutal and unregulated passion. 

 If Russia had acted upon Tolstoi's philosophy, all 

 its people would long ago have disappeared from 

 the face of the earth, and the country would now be 

 occupied by wandering tribes of Tartar barbarians. 

 The Armenian massacres are simply illustrations on 

 a small scale of what would take place on the very 

 largest scale if Tolstoi's principles became universal 

 among civilized people. It is not necessary to point 

 out that the teaching which would produce such a 

 condition of things is fundamentally immoral. 



Again, peace may come only through war. There 

 are men in our country who seemingly forget that 

 at the outbreak of the Civil War the great cry raised 

 by the opponents of the war was the cry for peace. 

 One of the most amusing and most biting satires 

 written by the friends of union and liberty during 

 the Civil War was called the "New Gospel of Peace," 

 in derision of this attitude. The men in our own 



