St. Clair and Wayne 121 



with all the Northwestern tribes. The Sachems, 

 war chiefs, and warriors of the different tribes be- 

 gan to gather early in June ; and formal proceedings 

 for a treaty were opened on June I7th. But many 

 of the tribes were slow in coming to the treaty 

 ground, others vacillated in their course, and un- 

 foreseen delays arose; so that it was not until Au- 

 gust /th that it was possible to come to a unanimous 

 agreement and ratify the treaty. No less than eleven 

 hundred and thirty Indians were present at the 

 treaty grounds, including a full delegation from 

 every hostile tribe. All solemnly covenanted to 

 keep the peace; and they agreed to surrender to the 

 whites all of what is now southern Ohio and south- 

 eastern Indiana, and various reservations elsewhere, 

 as at Fort Wayne, Fort Defiance, Detroit, and Mich- 

 ilimackinac, the lands around the French towns, 

 and the hundred and fifty thousand acres near the 

 Falls of the Ohio which had been allotted to Clark 

 and his soldiers. The Government, in its turn, ac- 

 knowledged the Indian title to the remaining terri- 

 tory, and agreed to pay the tribes annuities aggre- 

 gating nine thousand five hundred dollars. All pris- 

 oners on both sides were restored. There were in- 

 terminable harangues and councils while the treaty 

 was pending, the Indians invariably addressing 

 Wayne as Elder Brother, and Wayne in response 

 styling them Younger Brothers. 



In one speech a Chippewa chief put into terse 

 form the reasons for making the treaty and for giv- 

 ing the Americans title to the land, saying, "Elder 

 VOL. VIII. 6 



